Stochastic models for recognition of occluded targets

Recognition of occluded objects in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images is a significant problem for automatic target recognition. Stochastic models provide some attractive features for pattern matching and recognition under partial occlusion and noise. In this paper, we present a hidden Markov modeling based approach for recognizing objects in SAR images. We identify the peculiar characteristics of SAR sensors and using these characteristics we develop feature based multiple models for a given SAR image of an object. The models exploiting the relative geometry of feature locations or the amplitude of SAR radar return are based on sequentialization of scattering centers extracted from SAR images. In order to improve performance we integrate these models synergistically using their probabilistic estimates for recognition of a particular target at a specific azimuth. Experimental results are presented using both synthetic and real SAR images.     

Adaptive target recognition

Target recognition is a multilevel process requiring a sequence of algorithms at low, intermediate and high levels. Generally, such systems are open loop with no feedback between levels and assuring their performance at the given probability of correct identification (PCI) and probability of false alarm (Pf) is a key challenge in computer vision and pattern recognition research. In this paper, a robust closed-loop system for recognition of SAR images based on reinforcement learning is presented. The parameters in model-based SAR target recognition are learned. The method meets performance specifications by using PCI and Pf as feedback for the learning system. It has been experimentally validated by learning the parameters of the recognition system for SAR imagery, successfully recognizing articulated targets, targets of different configuration and targets at different depression angles.     

OpenMP多核计算技术在SAR图像处理中的应用

SAR图像数据量大,常规识别算法复杂、处理耗时,难以满足实时性要求。针对这一问题,提出一种基于OpenMP多核计算的SAR图像目标分类算法。在分析基于模板匹配的SAR图像目标分类算法的基础上,给出基于OpenMP多核计算技术的图像处理并行处理框架,实现SAR图像目标分类算法的并行计算。最后,采用所提方法对3类目标进行分类识别实验,SAR图像分类识别的处理速度提高了8倍,表明了该方法是有效的。     

Edge replacement in the recognition of occluded objects

The Generalized Hough Transform recognizes objects more successfully when all edges are visible. To facilitate recognition, this paper introduces a preliminary Generalized Hough process that restores edges which were invisible because of occlusion or because of lack of contrast between occluding and occluded areas. Space and time complexity of Generalized Hough processes are reduced by chained hashing techniques. Experimental results show that recognition of occluded objects via a Generalized Hough Transform is improved if occluding objects are first recognized and subtracted out of the input picture, and occluded edges are then reconstructed prior to recognition of occluded objects.     

SAR图像自动目标识别系统研究与设计*

研究了SAR图像自动目标识别系统。通过分析国际上先进的SAR自动目标识别系统的组成、算法实现、流程设计和所得到的结果,设计出SAR自动目标识别系统结构和识别流程图。系统结构主要由SAR图像特性库、特征库和模型库组成。识别流程在系统结构的基础上,分为检测、辨识和分类三步。最后给出了SAR图像自动目标识别系统的主要评价原则。     

Deformable template recognition of multiple occluded objects

Based on deformable templates, the paper formulates an integrated and flexible Bayesian recognition system of multiple occluded objects. Various local dependence properties of the model are obtained to reduce the computational cost with the increase in the number of objects. Numerical results for a synthetic image and for a real image of mushrooms are discussed     

双目视觉机器人遮挡目标识别研究

随着《中国制造2025》的提出,中国的装备生产和应用的信息化与智能化提上了日程。而双目视觉机器人恰是实现这一目标的执行者。双目视觉机器人识别过程,受实际工况和自身目标识别算法的影响,具有盲目性、非穿透和波动等特性, 针对该复杂过程,提出了UWB遮挡目标识别算法。该算法参考无线电波的运动学方程,结合UWB(Ultra Wideband)无载波通信技术,构成遮挡目标识别系统。并通过UWB标定原理对遮挡目标识别系统进行标定实现对遮挡目标的精确识别,通过实物运行,误差控制在7.1%,满足位置偏差小于26.3%的设计要求,验证了该方案的可行性和有效性。该研究对双目视觉机器人的双目视觉目标识别算法结合其他目标识别算法组成复杂的目标识别算法网络是一次有益的尝试。     

SAR目标特性分析技术

随着合成孔径雷达（SAR）传感器技术的发展和获取信息的增多,如何有效地实现SAR图像的信息提取和解译,是当前亟待解决的关键问题。本文研究和综述了面向识别的SAR目标特性分析技术。首先,从SAR的成像原理出发,深入分析和探讨了影响SAR图像目标特性的主要因素;然后,系统总结了点状目标、线状目标和面状目标的一些特性分析和特征提取技术;最后,对SAR目标识别技术的未来发展方向进行了展望。     

On the recognition of curved objects

The problem of determining the identity and pose of occluded objects from noisy data is examined. Previous work has shown that local measurements of the position and surface orientation of small patches of an object's surface may be used in a constrained search process to solve this problem, for the case of rigid polygonal objects using 2-D sensory data, or rigid polyhedral objects using 3-D data. The recognition system is extended to recognize and locate curved objects. The extension is done in two dimensions, and applies to the recognition of 2-D objects from 2-D data, or to the recognition of the 3-D objects in stable positions from 2-D data     

SAR图像目标识别的卷积神经网模型

目的 合成孔径雷达图像目标识别可以有效提高合成孔径雷达数据的利用效率。针对合成孔径雷达图像目标识别滤波处理耗时长、识别精度不高的问题,本文提出一种卷积神经网络模型应用于合成孔径雷达图像目标识别。方法 首先,针对合成孔径雷达图像特点设计特征提取部分的网络结构;其次,代价函数中引入L2范数提高模型的抗噪性能和泛化性;再次,全连接层使用Dropout减小网络的运算量并提高泛化性;最后研究了滤波对于网络模型的收敛速度和准确率的影响。结果 实验使用美国运动和静止目标获取与识别数据库,10类目标识别的实验结果表明改进后的卷积神经网络整体识别率（包含变体）由93.76%提升至98.10%。通过设置4组对比实验说明网络结构的改进和优化的有效性。卷积神经网络噪声抑制实验验证了卷积神经网络的特征提取过程对于SAR图像相干斑噪声有抑制作用,可以省去耗时的滤波处理。结论 本文提出的卷积神经网络模型提高了网络的准确率、泛化性,无需耗时的滤波处理,是一种合成孔径雷达图像目标识别的有效方法。     

On the Recognition and Location of Partially Occluded Objects

The recognition and location of partially occluded objects is important for image-guided robot automation. A computational object recognition system consists of three main parts: shape representation, matching strategies and verification. The shape representation scheme, which is always application-oriented, should keep extracted features as invariant as possible. This paper presents a new model-based object recognition scheme for general two dimensional objects in a cluttered scene. The scheme considers objects subjected to similarity transformations (i.e., a combination of rotation, scaling and translation). It employs a new feature detection algorithm, combining curvature measures and polygonal approximation. An approximate, but efficient matching strategy is proposed for hypothesis generation and synthetic verification procedures are introduced to improve the robustness of the system. Experiment results are presented to show that the system works effectively and efficiently.     

基于特征向量的SAR图像目标识别方法研究

用于描述区域特征的Hu矩不变量在模式识别中得到广泛使用。然而在噪声影响下,尤其是SAR图像中严重的相干斑噪声,Hu 矩不变量不再保持其完美的性能。以Hu七个矩不变量为基础,结合SAR图像的特点,引入四个仿射矩不变量和SAR图像中目标区域的峰值、均值和方差系数,构成SAR图像中目标识别的特征向量。该特征向量体现了SAR图像区域目标的形状特征和区域的灰度信息。通过对两种不同分辨率下的T72坦克SAR图像的目标识别仿真实验,均获得了较好的目标识别效果,说明所选取的SAR图像目标识别的特征向量是有效的,具有较强的目标识别性能。     

基于轮廓分段特征描述的遮挡目标识别算法

针对传统目标识别算法对于遮挡目标识别准确率低的问题,提出了一种基于轮廓分段特征描述的遮挡目标识别算法。该算法首先采用离散曲线演化算法初步划分目标轮廓,根据分段起伏度进行分段优化,得到完整描述目标轮廓特征的有效分段;然后通过动态规划算法分析轮廓分段之间高度函数特征的相似度,利用特征显著度评价分段特征相对于目标整体特征的重要性;最后将分段之间的相似度和其特征显著度相结合,得到衡量识别准确率的联合相似度,获得最终的识别结果。通过对MPEG-7测试集进行实验分析,证明所提算法能够有效地对遮挡目标进行匹配识别,识别率优于常见的遮挡目标识别算法。     

SAR图象自动目标识别研究

目前,SAR已经成为一种不可或缺的对地观测和军事侦察手段.面对不断增长的SAR图象数据收集能力,如何对这些图象进行自动或半自动快速、准确地解译已经越来越引起人们的关注和重视.自动目标识别(ATR)是自动或半自动SAR图象解译研究的一个重要方面.SAR ATR过程可概述为:从观测得到的SAR图象中,找到感兴趣的区域(ROI),并计算出每个ROI的种类.为此,介绍了SAR ATR的含义及其一般流程,对SAR ATR系统按照它所采用的分类方法进行了归纳分类,分析了SAR ATR的难点,介绍了国内外SAR ATR的研究现状和发展趋势.     

Application of the Cascade-Correlation network to the classification of circularly scanned images

This paper describes an application of the Cascade-Correlation (CC) network to pattern recognition. The pattern recognition task was to simulate an automatic vision inspection system that had to properly classify five different objects. The feature vectors were extracted from 2D images of circularly scanned images and used as inputs for a neural network that was then trained to classify an unknown presented object. The results show that the CC network is viable tool in pattern recognition tasks. It is able to classify partially occluded objects with high accuracy, and to considerably improve classification of noisy images based on simple histogram trimming preprocessing.     

教室监控下学生异常行为检测系统

针对教室监控中学生异常行为无法实时检测并反馈的现状,设计了一套基于YOLO v3算法的教室监控学生异常行为检测系统,包括摄像头硬件采集、异常行为识别和响应三个模块.其中采用基于数据标签的随机擦除预处理方法模拟图像中的目标被遮挡的情形,提高网络的泛化能力,使得网络仅通过学习局部特征即可完成目标的检测和识别;其次改进了YO...     

遮挡情况下的视觉目标跟踪方法研究

将目标整体相关匹配算法和目标各子块相关匹配作表决的算法相结合,有效解决了运动目标被遮挡的跟踪问题.目标被遮挡,表现为某些子块被遮挡且匹配错误.对被遮挡的子块使其不参与表决,也不参与整体相关匹配的计算,只利用目标剩余的能代表目标本身属性的未遮挡子块继续跟踪目标.实验结果表明,采用的两种算法互为补充,对解决遮挡情况下目标的视觉跟踪是有效的.     

A feature extraction method for synthetic aperture radar(SAR) automatic target recognition based on maximum interclass distance

Synthetic aperture radar(SAR) automatic target recognition is an important application in SAR.How to extract features has restricted the application of SAR technology seriously.In this paper,a new feature extraction method for SAR automatic target recognition based on maximum interclass distance is proposed,which integrates class and neighborhood information.This method can reinforce discriminative power using maximum interclass distance,so it can improve recognition rate effectively.     

基于Laplacian正则化最小二乘的半监督SAR目标识别

提出了一种基于核主成分分析(kernel principal component analysis,简称KPCA)和拉普拉斯正则化最小二乘(Laplacian regularized least squares,简称LapRLS)的合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar,简称SAR)目标识别方法.KPCA特征提取方法不仅能够提取目标主要特征,而且有效地降低了特征维数.Laplacian正则化最小二乘分类是一种半监督学习方法,将训练集样本作为有标识样本,测试集样本作为无标识样本,在学习过程中将测试集样本包含进来以获得更高的识别率.在MSTAR实测SAR地面目标数据上进行实验,结果表明,该方法具有较高的识别率,并对目标角度间隔具有鲁棒性.与模板匹配法、支撑矢量机以及正则化最小二乘监督学习方法相比,具有更高的SAR目标识别正确率.此外,还通过实验分析了不同情况下有标识样本数目对目标识别性能的影响.