一种结合局部对称的三维模型对齐方法

对称是自然界大多数模型具有的一种特征属性.针对三维模型坐标归一化过程中模型的对齐问题,提出了一种结合局部对称的三维模型对齐方法.通过三维模型的CPCA坐标轴确立其初始姿态,提出局部对称长度比来度量三维模型的局部对称性.以此为依据将三维模型分成两类,对于具有大于或等于2个局部对称平面的三维模型,利用最大局部对称长度比来确立最终姿态;对于仅有1个或没有局部对称平面的三维模型,通过面积替换质量,将模型达到力矩平衡时的姿态确立为最终姿态.算法既考虑到了模型的对称性质,又考虑了非对称模型的处理.实验结果显示了算法的有效性.     

基于相位信息的对称性检测算法

提出一种基于相位信息的对称性检测新方法,将对称性检测问题转化为频域中的相位分析.文中的可行性分析、PSD的定义及其合理性证明为该算法奠定了理论基础.实验证明：该算法可直接应用于原始图像,不需要图像的任何先验知识,不需分割等任何预处理;具有旋转、亮度和对比度不变性;可以同时检测镜像对称、旋转对称、曲线对称等多种对称性.     

基于扩散距离与几何约束的模型内蕴自对称检测

针对三维网格模型几何处理中提高算法效率和拓扑噪声不敏感性的要求,提出了基于扩散距离与几何约束的非刚性三维模型内蕴自对称检测方法。首先通过计算模型的Laplace-Beltrami算子来提取顶点的热核特征描述符,比较描述符之间的扩散距离,建立模型的特征相似度矩阵;其次,与基于谱图理论约束的几何相似性矩阵有效融合,实现形状度量的优化;最后通过线性检测的方式快速获取模型对称点集合,实现模型的自对称形状分析。实验结果进一步验证了该方法不仅能够高效的实现等距非刚性变换模型的内蕴自对称性检测,而且对于残缺模型的对称分析更具有鲁棒性。     

基于局部能量的对称性检测算法

目前大多数对称性检测算法都是基于亮度或梯度信息进行的．文中分析了对称性与相位之间的关系,提出一种基于局部能量的对称性检测方法,将对称性检测问题转化为能量分析．在频域中用log Gabor小波对原始图像进行滤波,在不同尺度下局部能量最大、相位为特定相位且保持一致的点,即为物体的对称点．文中的可行性分析、算法定义及其合理性为该算法奠定了理论基础．实验表明,该算法可以克服目前已有算法需要图像分割的局限性,即该算法可直接应用于原始图像,不需要图像的任何先验知识,不需进行分割等任何预处理,而且还可以同时检测多种对称性．     

基于测地曲线约束函数映射的三维模型等距配准

针对三维模型之间的等距配准问题,基于函数映射框架,提出了一种测地曲线约束能同时检测同方向和对称方向2个等距配准的方法.首先,计算模型上的2组对称点对,进而建立2个模型间同方向和对称方向上的4组对应点对;其次,理论上证明2个模型上4组对应点之间的测地曲线是等距配准的,进一步利用以上4组对应点对得到配准的6组测地曲线对;最后,将以上测地曲线作为几何描述子约束添加到函数映射框架中,可以同时求解三维模型间同方向和对称方向上2个等距配准.同时从理论上证明镜面型内蕴对称对应的函数映射表示矩阵是对称正交的,并将其作为表示矩阵的正则化项添加到基于测地曲线约束的函数映射框架中检测三维模型内蕴对称.在公开的非刚性三维模型数据库的实验结果表明,所提方法在三维模型等距配准和内蕴对称上的测地距离误差小于以前的工作.     

基于多分辨率马尔可夫随机场运动目标分割

提出一种基于三维时空小波变换和马尔可夫随机场(Markov Random Field)模型的多分辨率运动目标分割算法.该算法利用三维时空小波变换对图像序列进行分解得到多分辨率的图像序列,并在此基础上建立多分辨率的马尔可夫随机场模型,构造相应的能量函数.通过条件迭代模型优化算法(Iterated Conditional Modes)求解能量函数的最优解,得出标记场,提取出运动目标.实验结果证明,该算法能够很好地消除了单一分辨率的MRF运动检测结果中"空洞"现象,对运动目标分割具有很好的分割效果.     

三角网格模型的最小值边界分割

针对目前网格模型块分割算法综合效果不理想、人工干预多等问题,提出一种基于凹凸信号的最小值边界检测的三角网格模型分割算法.首先通过全局控制顶点的Laplace光顺操作对网格模型进行光顺去噪;然后通过标准化和归一化的凹度信息发现符合人眼视觉的最小值规则的凹特征点;最后结合区域中心线提取算法以及扇形探射线算法构造出闭合的分割线,并用三维主动轮廓模型方法进行优化,通过分割线将模型分割为有意义的分块.实例结果表明,该算法可以快速有效地分割模型,得到有意义的分割结果.     

基于Laplace-Beltrami算子特征向量的三维模型特征点检测与分析

针对三维模型的特征点检测问题,提出一种基于Laplace-Beltrami算子的特征点检测算法.对于给定的三维网格模型,首先构造离散Laplace-Beltrami算子矩阵,求解特征值与特征向量,随后在不同频率的特征向量上检测局部极值点和鞍点,最后通过基于特征值的加权公式把检测结果结合起来,实现对特征点不同显著度的可视化.实验对选取自SHREC2010数据集的三维网格模型进行特征点检测,在VS2013平台上使用OpenGL进行可视化.结果表明,文中算法在三维网格模型上取得准确的检测结果,在高噪声的模型上具有鲁棒性,对等距模型能得到高度相似的结果,并且能通过分布式计算处理大尺寸的三维模型.     

三维图像多相分割的变分水平集方法

变分水平集方法是图像分割等领域出现的新的建模方法,借助多个水平集函数可有效地实现图像多相分割.但在区域/相的通用表达、不同区域内图像模型的表达、通用的能量函的设计、高维图像分割中的拓展研究等方面仍是图像处理的变分方法、水平集方法、偏微分方程方法等研究的热点问题.文中以三维图像为研究对象,系统地建立了一种新的三维图像多相分割的变分水平集方法.该方法用n-1个水平集函数划分n个区域,并基于Heaviside函数设汁出区域划分的通用的特征函数;其能量泛函包括通用的区域模型、边缘检测模型和水平集函数为符号距离函数的约束项3部分;最后,针对所得到的曲面演化方程,采用半隐式差分格式进行离散,并对多种类型三维图像进行分割验证了所提出模型的通用性和有效性.     

语义知识约束的三维人体特征点检测和分割

针对三维人体模形内在知识理解问题,提出域知识约束下的三维人体特征点检测和层次分割算法.首先给出人体域知识的语义特征点定义及参数化描述;然后根据域知识和几何属性自动识别三维人体模型语义特征点,并根据语义特征点和测地距离对人体模型进行层次分割;最后通过图论对分割结果进行优化,并采用形状索引对人体特征点局部特性进行分析,提高分割和特征点的准确性.实验结果表明,文中算法不仅对三维人体模型姿态变化具有很好的稳定性,而且能有效地避免已有算法所出现的分割结果不一致问题.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

正~~     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate