端部约束悬臂输流管道的分岔与混沌响应

研究悬臂端受到线性弹簧支承和扭转弹簧约束的约束悬臂输流管道在自激-参数激励-外激励联合激励作用下的非线性动力学特性,分析系统在平均流速、流速脉动幅值和基础激励下出现周期和混沌运动响应的参数条件,揭示其通向混沌的途径,探寻各参数对输流管道振动响应的影响,为输流管道的振动控制提供依据.数值仿真结果表明,随着平均流速、流速脉动幅值、基础激励幅值和质量比的不同,管道系统分别呈现周期、概周期、阵发性和混沌运动多种响应形式,系统通过倍周期分岔或阵发性进入混沌,通过倍周期倒分岔脱离混沌.     

两端弹性支承裂纹管道的非线性动力学特性

研究两端弹性支承输流管道含圆周方向裂纹时的非线性动力学特性。首先,推导出裂纹管道的模态函数与局部柔度系数,然后运用Galerkin离散技术将管道运动方程在模态空间中展开,采用非线性动力学仿真方法得到管道系统响应随各参数变化的分岔图和最大Lyapunov指数图。数值结果表明,这种两端弹性支承的特殊边界裂纹管道在参数激励、自激励和外激励联合作用下,表现出丰富的非线性动力学特性,分别出现周期运动、概周期运动、阵发性混沌和混沌等多种响应形式。     

一般支承条件下输流管道的非线性动力学特性研究

摘要: 研究两端一般支承垂直放置的输流管道系统,采用非线性动力学分析方法,研究其在自激、参数激励和外激励联合作用下的非线性动力学特性,分析系统出现混沌运动的参数条件和进入混沌运动的途径。数值仿真结果表明,随着平均流速和质量比的增大,系统响应交替出现周期和混沌运动两种形态。系统进入混沌运动的途径为倍周期分岔,由混沌转化为周期运动的途径为倍周期倒分岔。混沌运动和周期运动出现的参数与流体的平均流速和管道端部的支承/约束刚度有很大关联,随着管道端部约束刚度的增大,系统出现混沌运动的区域减小,说明管道端部的约束刚度有益于抑制混沌运动的发生。     

非线性弹簧支承悬臂输液管道的分岔与混沌分析

研究悬臂输液管道系统在自激励、参数激励和外激励联合作用下的非线性动力学行为,揭示系统运动的规律。建立了非线性弹簧支承悬臂输液管道的运动微分方程,以线性弹簧支承条件下悬臂梁的固有频率和振型函数作为近似,采用李兹-伽辽金方法对非线性运动微分方程进行离散化,经过数值计算,利用分岔图、相图和功率谱图分析系统的非线性动力学响应,得到了流体平均流速和流体与管道质量比对系统周期运动和混沌运动的影响规律。研究结果表明,当流体平均流速较小时,系统的响应首先表现为周期运动,随着流体平均流速的增大,系统的响应通过系列倍周期分岔而进入混沌运动,又经由系列倍周期倒分岔转化为周期运动。随着流体与管道质量比的减小,系统出现混沌运动的临界流体平均流速值减小,这说明通过改变流体与管道质量比参数可以控制系统的振动形态。     

分析弹性地基一般支承输流管道的动力学特性

研究Pasternak双参数地基一般支承输流管道的线性固有频率及非线性动力学特性。综合考虑管道黏弹性系数、地基的剪切效应、线性刚度的影响,建立了系统运动微分方程。根据两端一般支承的边界条件推导出线性系统固有频率方程,分析了基础激励与脉动流作用下,流速对系统非线性动力学特性的影响。数值结果表明,管道一阶临界流速随弹性系数的增大呈现先增大后减小的趋势,当弹性系数足够大时,管道随流速的增加发生一阶、二阶模态耦合现象;系统响应随流速变化呈现由倍周期分岔过渡到混沌运动的特性;当管内流体流速足够大时,系统响应保持混沌运动状态。     

俯冲拉起下裂纹转子的非线性

研究了裂纹转子在平飞和俯冲拉起状态下的非线性响应，建立了数学模型，推导了转子运动方程。由结果发现：响应进入混沌的道路有拟周期环面破裂、周期3运动失稳和阵发性混沌进入混沌三条。俯冲拉起一般会对系统的非线性响应起到抑制作用；但是系统响应的转角振幅明显增大，因此增大了转子失稳的可能性；深裂纹情形下，俯冲拉起的抑制作用不是很明显。     

1∶1内共振条件下受基础激励屈曲梁的非线性振动和分岔分析

研究两端固定屈曲梁这种同时含有2,3次非线性项的系统受基础简谐激励作用下的非线性振动响应及分岔演化过程。对屈曲梁的运动微分方程,利用Galerkin方法分离时间和空间变量,应用增量谐波平衡(IHB)法自动追踪屈曲梁的非线性振动响应的周期解和倍周期解,并用Floquet理论分析其解的稳定性。研究表明屈曲梁对称模态的固有频率随屈曲程度而变化,反对称模态的固有频率保持不变。研究发现基础简谐激励作用下,不同屈曲程度时存在两种截然不同的非线性现象:1)在非共振时,反对称模态未能被激发,系统经过发生倍周期分岔通向混沌运动;2)在1∶1内共振条件下,反对称模态在一定的频率区间里会被激发,系统发生Hopf分岔导致具有等间距边频带的准周期运动,最后至混沌运动。利用IHB法得到结果与用Runge-Kutta法得到的数值结果一致。     

两端一般支承裂纹管道的动力学特性

研究了两端一般支承输流管道在含有圆周非贯穿裂纹时的动力学特性。在梁模型横向弯曲振动模态函数中加入3次多项式构造出含裂纹梁的模态函数,根据特征方程具体分析了弹性支承刚度、平均流速、裂纹圆周角、裂纹位置等对系统的固有频率特性和失稳临界流速的影响。数值计算结果表明,由于裂纹的存在,管道的固有频率和静态失稳和动态失稳临界流速将发生复杂的变化。     

非线性弹性地基上悬臂输流管的受迫振动

本文综合考虑地基的剪切效应、非线性刚度和粘滞阻尼的影响,建立了非线性Pasternak地基上输流管的运动控制方程。基于Galerkin法研究了基础激励作用下非线性弹性地基上悬臂输流管的非线性动力学行为,着重讨论了基础激励和地基剪切刚度对系统动力学特性的影响。结果表明：系统在基础激励作用下具有非常复杂的动态响应,包括多种形式的周期、概周期和混沌运动;地基的剪切刚度对系统的动态特性有重要影响,随着地基剪切刚度的增大,在基础激励参数区域内系统的概周期和混沌运动窗口逐渐减小,当地基剪切刚度足够大时,系统将始终处于周期运动状态。     

三自由度双侧刚性约束振动系统的概周期运动

通过模态矩阵法解耦,建立了一类具有双侧刚性约束的三自由度冲击振动系统的对称型周期运动及Poincaré映射,研究了系统映射在其Jacobian矩阵的一对复共轭特征值穿越复平面单位圆周情况下的概周期运动,并通过数值仿真揭示了系统在弱共振条件和三种强共振条件下的概周期运动及其经锁相或环面倍化通向混沌的转迁途径,给出了系统从概周期运动变成混沌运动激振频率的变化范围。     

Estimation of Parameters of Universal Distribution of Moments of Failure of Products

A method is proposed for estimating the parameters of a mixture of exponential and Weibull distributions for which the accuracy of preliminary estimates obtained by graphical analysis is refined in accordance with the criterion of maximum likelihood. The efficiency of the proposed method is supported by the results of statistical modeling.     

Assessment of intakes of mixtures of radionuclides

Australia has several uranium mines and a large number of mineral sand mines, with associated processing facilities. Exposures resulting from these mining and processing operations usually involve intakes of mixtures of radionuclides. This work describes the development of a suite of first order, linear compartment models, based on the ICRP Publication 66 respiratory tract model, and an analytical solution to the decay equations, for assessing the consequences of such intakes. The computer programs based on these models directly compute excretion, organ retention and organ and whole-body doses for intakes of either single radionuclides or any mixture of radionuclides belonging to the same radioactive decay chain. The intake can be via inhalation, ingestion or injection, and can be acute, chronic or of limited duration. The starting concentration and degree of secular (dis)equilibrium can be specified for each radionuclide. No assumptions need to be made about the relative magnitudes of the radioactive half-lives of the different nuclides.     

卧式金属罐容量的测量结果不确定度

本文根据多年的实践检定经验 ,参照JJF1 0 59- 1 999《测量不确定度评定与表示》以及《测量不确定度表达 1 0讲》 ,对卧式金属罐容量的测量结果不确定度进行了评定。     

盐酸浓度不确定度的评估

通过对盐酸浓度标定的过程分析，找出影响结果的各个分量，进行不确定度的评定，按照计量技术规范给出标准的表示法。     

Analysis of the rate of propagation of the wave of change of boiling modes

An approximate analytical expression is derived for the velocity of the front of the wave of change of boiling modes on a rod and on a plate. The impact of the Thomson effect and of the heater orientation in the gravity field is included. Adequate agreement is demonstrated between the derived relations and experimental data.     

Evaluation of optical properties of highly scattering media by moments of distributions of times of flight of photons

A novel method for the determination of the optical properties of tissue from time-domain measurements is presented. The data analysis is based on the evaluation of the first moment and the second centralized moment, i.e., the mean time of flight and the variance of the measured distribution of times of flight (DTOF) of photons injected by short (picosecond) laser pulses. Analytical expressions are derived for calculation of absorption and of reduced scattering coefficients from these moments by application of diffusion theory for infinite and semi-infinite homogeneous media. The proposed method was tested on experimental data obtained with phantoms, and results for absorption and reduced scattering coefficients obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by fitting of the same data with analytical solutions of the diffusion equation. Furthermore, the accuracy of the moment analysis was investigated for a range of integration limits of the DTOF. The moment analysis may serve as a comparatively fast method for evaluating optical properties with sufficient accuracy and can be used, e.g., for on-line monitoring of optical properties of biological tissue.     

Analysis of anisotropy of properties on the basis of studies of texture of coarse-grained ingots of thermoelectric materials

An analysis of anisotropy of the properties of a Bi₂Se_0.3Te_2.7 solid solution was carried out using construction of demonstrative surfaces for thermoelectric effectiveness and thermal expansion coefficients. It is shown that the texture is an important factor forming anisotropy of properties and technological fitness of ingots for manufacturing modules. Anisotropy of properties based on the studies of the ingot textures obtained using the float-zone method and Bridgman method (growing thermoelectric plates in a flat cavity) was studied.