微电推进系统研制及应用现状

200kg以下的微小卫星的轨道维持、姿态控制、阻尼补偿、编队飞行等任务对微电推进技术及产品提出了明确的应用需求,不同类型的微电推进在不同功率范围内有着各自的优势。本文对中国微小卫星12U立方星LPPT-5脉冲等离子体电推进系统、150kg小卫星LPPT-25脉冲等离子体电推进系统、6U立方星LVAT-1真空弧电推进系统、引力波探测卫星LCT-10胶体电推进系统、低轨小卫星星座LHT-40霍尔电推进系统方案及研制进展进行了论述,最后对正在研制的LRIT-40射频离子电推进系统与LECR-50微波离子电推进系统研制情况及后续应用进行了展望。     

电推进技术在全电推进卫星平台的应用研究

全电推进卫星平台能够大幅度降低卫星平台的推进剂需求量,并带来包括减轻卫星发射重量、提高卫星有效载荷能力、延长卫星服役寿命等方面的经济效益。通过调研全电推进卫星平台的进展情况,梳理了全电推进卫星平台对电推进的任务需求,设计了全电推进系统方案及应用模式,经过分析计算,卫星发射重量在2 000~3 000 kg之间,在半年之内完成卫星轨道转移,需要单台推力器推力达到200~300 m N,选择适当的轨道策略,全电推进系统是可以满足任务需求的。     

电推进在弹性空间系统中的应用与研究

电推进作为一种先进的推进技术,具有比冲高的突出优势,是提升卫星性能的重要技术,在国外军事卫星平台和商业卫星平台上均得到了广泛应用。弹性空间系统是一种面向提升空间安全性的信息空间体系架构。相对于单颗卫星的应用,弹性空间系统对电推进产品性能、整星兼容等方面提出了更高的要求,对电推进产品的研制模式也提出了新的需求。从弹性空间系统需求和电推进系统特点出发,研究弹性空间系统对电推进的设计要求。     

高功率空间电推进技术发展研究

面向未来深空探测、空间货运等空间任务对具有牛级大推力、数千秒比冲、数万小时寿命等性能高功率电推进技术的应用需求,通过调研对比分析的方式,详细论述了国内外高功率电推进技术的发展现状和趋势,并针对具体技术路线给出了展望.从高功率电推进技术发展和工程应用的角度,总结梳理了磁场拓扑结构设计与优化、系统效率提升、地面性能诊断测试...     

空间电推进技术及应用新进展

在系统调研2000年以来国内外空间电推进技术及应用进展的基础上,详细介绍了电推进在GEO卫星位置保持和轨道转移、深空探测主推进、科学观测和试验等领域的空间应用情况,分别给出了离子电推进、霍尔电推进和其他电推进类型的新研产品及主要性能,对电推进新技术发展情况进行了概要性的介绍,最后对空间电推进技术及应用的新进展给出了简要总结和评述。     

氙气泄漏检测设备的性能测试

新型空间电推进技术具有高比冲、小推力、长寿命等优点,将广泛应用于新一代卫星推进系统中。由于氙气具备较低的电离能和较高的原子能量,是电推进主要的推进剂。针对卫星电推进系统氙气供给子系统在加注氙气过程中可能造成的泄漏,研制了氙气泄漏检测设备。通过介绍设备结构、技术指标、检测方法等相关技术内容,给出了设备的性能测试结果。测试结果表明:研制的氙气泄漏检测设备完全能够满足电推进系统加注氙气时泄漏检测的技术要求。     

脉冲等离子体电推进系统实验技术研究进展

脉冲等离子体电推进是一种利用电容器脉冲放电产生电磁场,带电粒子被电磁场加速而产生推力的电推进系统。由于其结构简单、输入功率小、比冲较高,在微小卫星领域具有很好的应用前景。PPT从原理样机到飞行产品阶段需要进行大量实验,同时调研了英国、美国、日本以及国内部分高校的PPT电推进系统实验,从性能实验、环境实验、寿命实验方面讨论了PPT电推进系统需要开展的实验项目,其中性能实验包括元冲量测量、电参数测量、烧蚀质量测量、羽流诊断,环境实验包括力学、真空和EMC实验。     

离子电推进系统在高通量卫星上的应用测试及飞行试验

亚太6D卫星是由亚太卫星宽带通信(深圳)有限公司(亚太星通)采购,与香港亚太通信卫星有限公司(亚太公司)共同监造的一颗地球静止轨道宽带通信卫星,是中国首个开展电推进技术商业化应用的卫星.卫星采用了基于兰州空间技术物理研究所LIPS-200型离子推力器的电推进系统,电推进系统在轨执行卫星15年南北位置保持任务.由于性能验...     

案例一：电推进羽流参数测试技术助力航天器研制

<正>1案例情况1.1背景摘要电推进系统具有高比冲、高控制精度、长寿命等显著优势，能够满足航天器姿态控制、位置保持、阻力补偿、轨道转移等不同任务要求，且能够大幅提高有效载荷、降低成本、延长寿命，国际上已进入广泛应用阶段，甚至把是否采用电推进作为衡量卫星平台先进性的重要标志之一。我国在低轨互联网卫星、空间对抗、深空探测、引力波探测、商业航天等各领域对先进航天电推进技术都有迫切需求，电推进技术已进入全面应用阶段。     

LIPS-100电推进高精度宽范围连续可调电源测试验证

低地球轨道具有轨道周期短、信号传输延时小等特点,在该轨道开展遥感侦察、地球环境探测、互联网星座部署等具有显著优势.但由于低轨道高度处的大气阻力会对卫星轨道造成摄动,因此须采用推进系统进行阻力补偿,而离子电推进因寿命长、比冲高、参数可调节范围宽等优点成为优选方案.针对地球重力场反演和低轨卫星应用对离子电推进的需求,结合L...     

Electricity Generation through Light‐Responsive Diving–Surfacing Locomotion of a Functionally Cooperating Smart Device

Mini‐generators converting other forms of energy into electric energy are ideal power supplies for widely used microelectronic devices because they need only a low power supply in the range of µW to mW. Among various creative strategies to fabricate mini‐generators, recently developed functionally integrated systems combining self‐propulsion of small objects and the application of Faraday's law show advantages such as facile, noncontact, low resistance, and durability. However, wide application of such functionally integrated systems is currently restricted by artificial energy inputs, such as chemical fuels or mechanical work, and harvesting energy available in the environment or nature is urgently required. Herein, a light‐responsive functionally cooperating smart device is developed as a mini‐generator that can directly harvest naturally available light energy for diving–surfacing motions, thus converting mechanical energy into electricity through Faraday's law. The mini‐generator generates a maximum voltage of 1.72 V with an energy conversion efficiency of 2.44 × 10^?3% to power LEDs and shows a lifetime of at least 30 000 s. By using environmental energy, the study may promote the concept of a functionally cooperating system as an economic and facile power supply for microelectronics, reducing their dependence on batteries.     

电推进系统发展概况与趋势

简要介绍了电推进系统的分类和特点,综述了世界各国发展和应用电推进系统的情况,指出了现阶段电推进系统的发展趋势。     

Pulsed operation of low-power plasma thruster

Integral and local characteristics of the laboratory model of a low-power plasma thruster operating in a pulsed regime have been experimentally studied. Rectangular pulses of discharge current with the leading and trailing fronts not exceeding 1 ms have been obtained. At an average supplied electric power of ∼150 W, the propulsion efficiency amounted to 35%. The plasma concentration, electron temperature, and potential distributions in the output plasma jet have been measured using an electric probe. These measurements showed that a well formed plasma jet with a small divergence angle exists behind the thruster edge.     

Total impulse improvement of coaxial pulsed plasma thruster for small satellite

Research and development on pulsed plasma thruster (PPT) for small satellites has been conducted in Tokyo Metropolitan University (TMU). A PPT with coaxial electrode and PTFE cavity has been considered to gain larger impulse bit than that of parallel plate PPT. In this paper, the objectives are development of the PPTs with large impulse bit and large total impulse, to apply to a propulsion system for a small satellite. The electrodes and the propellant configuration were considered. As a result, divergent nozzle and larger cathode diameter improved thrust performances and larger impulse bit from 300 to 800 μNs was achieved. And the current reversal was appeared remarkable as its operation accumulated. Then, propellant-feeding mechanism was considered to improve its total impulse. With exchange of five propellants in each 20,000 shots, total impulse of 40 Ns was obtained. These results indicate that the PPT developed in TMU would provide various missions for a small satellite.     

空间离子电推进系统电源处理单元设计

空间电推进电源处理单元是组成电推进系统的关键设备之一,它是多电源组合、输出功率大、电压高及时序控制的复杂电源变换产品。以离子电推进系统配置的电源处理单元为例,叙述了输出功率为1 kW,屏栅电源输出电压达到1 000 V的各功能电源的电路设计,并给出了实验电路的测试结果。     

深空电推进阻滞势分析仪探测方法研究

随着人类对外太空环境认识的不断深入,电推进已成为通向未知空间领域的重要技术途径。空间电推进对航天器防护结构、能源系统、敏感有效载荷系统均产生不同影响。介绍了基于阻滞势分析仪的电推进等离子体参数探测方法,通过阻滞势分析仪研制和相应的地面模拟实验,计算得到了推力器40cm处的粒子能量、离子密度和离子温度等参数,相关研究为我国电推进航天器的深空应用和发展提供技术参考。     

Vector control application of a novel PM motor

This study introduces a new type of dual-stator permanent magnetic propulsion motor: the dissimilar frequency supplied permanent magnet synchronous motor (DFPMSM). The main advantage of the motor is its improved torque density and fault tolerance, which is well suited for electric propulsion at low speed. The vector control of the DFPMSM is presented. A torque current decoupling method is proposed to maintain the torque output while changing the torque distribution. A power loss model is derived for the power distribution strategy to achieve optimum efficiency of this motor. Simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed machine and control strategy.     

舰船动力轴系冲击响应性能分析

摘 要：介绍了舰船轴系冲击激励的类型、基于有限元法建立的轴系冲击动力学模型以及基于有限元法在MATLAB平台上开发的舰船轴系动力学及冲击性能仿真平台(SHAFTFE)的基本功能,用SHAFTFE建立了一个包括推进轴系、推进电机和推进电机隔振器在内的整个动力轴系模型,计算了在不同冲击强度和动力轴系参数条件下整个动力轴系的冲击性能,分析了动力轴系的结构设计参数对动力轴系冲击性能的影响。结果表明,动力轴系在冲击作用下会出现较大的位移,因此在舰船动力轴系的设计中必须对轴系的冲击特性引起足够的重视,以增强整船的可靠性和生存能力。