纳米二氧化钛对质子辐照下MQ增强硅橡胶热性能的影响

采用空间综合辐照模拟设备研究了纳米二氧化钛对100keV和150keV能量质子辐照下MQ增强加成型硅橡胶损伤及热性能的影响.试验结果表明,质子辐照后,未添加纳米粒子的硅橡胶表面颜色明显加深,同时出现不同程度的老化裂纹,裂纹数量随辐照能量和剂量的增加而增加;辐照后硅橡胶的质损率增加,耐热性能下降;辐照后硅橡胶在玻璃态和玻璃转变区的温度区间内收缩率降低,而在高弹态的温度区间内膨胀率增加.添加纳米二氧化钛的硅橡胶与未改性硅橡胶相比,经过相同能量、剂量的质子辐照后,表面颜色加深和表面裂纹损伤的程度减小;质损率增加、耐热性能下降以及收缩膨胀率变化的程度均降低,表现出明显的抗辐照性能.     

Proton and alpha particle induced changes in thermal and mechanical properties of Lexan polycarbonate

The thermal and mechanical properties of Lexan polycarbonate (PC) irradiated by 15 MeV proton and 40 MeV alpha particles with different fluencies have been investigated. The thermal decomposition temperature, thermal activation energy of decomposition, tensile strength, fracture strain, Young's modulus and average molecular weight of PC decreased after irradiation. The infrared spectroscopic results showed breakage of the carbonate site in PC after irradiation. The average surface roughness value of PC increased and it showed pores formation after irradiation. These changes in thermal and mechanical parameters were due to chain scission of C–O bond in PC after irradiation which is confirmed from infrared spectroscopic results. It was also showed that 40 MeV alpha particles induce more changes in thermal and mechanical properties of PC when compared to that of 15 MeV proton.     

电子束辐照HDPE/绢英粉体系的热氧化及光氧化稳定性研究

通过电子束辐照改善了HDPE与无机填料绢英粉（STC）的界面相互作用，制得了强度韧性兼优的材料，为了开发应用这一新材料，有必要对其热氧及光氧稳定性进行研究，本文研究了电子束辐照HDPE（e-HDPE)放置后效应及其对e-HDPE/STC共混体系力学性能的影响，。采用人工加速热氧化及光氧化的方法，对e-HDPE/STC共混体系的热氧化及光氧化稳定性进行了研究，研究结果表明，电子束辐照HDPE加入稳定剂并造粒后性能比较稳定，对e-HDPE/STC共混体系的力学性能基本无影响，在本试验条件下，e-HDPE/STC共混体系具有较好的热氧化及光氧化稳定性，经过168h热氧化或光氧化以后，拉伸强度变化不大，冲击强度保持率分别为93％及84％。     

不同剂量γ辐照对玻璃纤维/环氧树脂热性能的影响

玻璃纤维增强树脂(GF/EP)因其良好的热绝缘性能和优异的力学性能,在高能物理和核物理实验领域作为支撑材料得到应用。高能物理和核物理实验会对支撑材料产生大量的γ和中子辐射,同时要求其保持热性能的稳定。本文对20kGy、100kGy和200kGy剂量的γ辐照下GF/EP的各项热学性能进行测试研究,包括热膨胀性能、导热性和热降解性能,并对辐照前后GF/EP的微观形貌进行观察。结果发现,辐照后,GF/EP的微观形貌发生变化,基体树脂产生碎片化,辐照后线膨胀范围缩小,线膨胀系数略有降低;导热系数降低,降低幅度随辐照剂量的增大而减小;热分解温度基本保持不变,最快热分解温度略有降低,γ辐照过程中同时发生辐照交联和辐照降解反应,但总体热学性能保持稳定,在使用温度范围内保持良好的稳定性。     

Tailoring the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Graphene Film by Structural Engineering

Due to substantial phonon scattering induced by various structural defects, the in‐plane thermal conductivity (K) of graphene films (GFs) is still inferior to the commercial pyrolytic graphite sheet (PGS). Here, the problem is solved by engineering the structures of GFs in the aspects of grain size, film alignment, and thickness, and interlayer binding energy. The maximum K of GFs reaches to 3200 W m^?1 K^?1 and outperforms PGS by 60%. The superior K of GFs is strongly related to its large and intact grains, which are over four times larger than the best PGS. The large smooth features about 11 µm and good layer alignment of GFs also benefit on reducing phonon scattering induced by wrinkles/defects. In addition, the presence of substantial turbostratic‐stacking graphene is found up to 37% in thin GFs. The lacking of order in turbostratic‐stacking graphene leads to very weak interlayer binding energy, which can significantly decrease the phonon interfacial scattering. The GFs also demonstrate excellent flexibility and high tensile strength, which is about three times higher than PGS. Therefore, GFs with optimized structures and properties show great potentials in thermal management of form‐factor‐driven electronics and other high‐power‐driven systems.     

Boron induced recrystallization of amorphous silicon film by a rapid thermal process

Rapid thermal process (RTP) is to induce boron-doped amorphous silicon into a high degree of crystallization of polycrystalline silicon in 5 min. In addition to the short time characteristic, it also provides a relatively lower temperature route to prepare high percentage of polycrystalline silicon in comparison with solid phase crystallization method. Before RTP, boron is homogeneously doped into the amorphous silicon film by ion implantation technology. After rapid thermal processing, the grain size of the polycrystalline silicon was found about at 0.1-0.5 μm. The degree crystallization of silicon is reached up to 99.1% with a good hole mobility of 138.6 cm²/V s.     

空间电子作用对ZnO-有机硅热控涂层光学性能影响研究

研究了空间电子辐照作用下ZnO-有机硅热控涂层光学性能的变化规律.通过扫描电镜、原子力显微镜和电子能谱分析了电子辐照前后试样表面形貌和元素组成变化,探讨了电子辐照的损伤机理.试验结果表明,在相同能量情况下,随电子的辐照剂量的增加,有机硅热控涂层的表面硅树脂发生了降解,产生了碳化,因而导致了ZnO-有机硅热控涂层的光学性能下降.     

Study on the mechanism of rapid solid-phase recrystallization of hydrogenated amorphous silicon film by rapid thermal processing

High-quality hydrogenated amorphous silicon films (a-Si:H) were deposited on quartz glass substrates by radio-frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition method. The films were then annealed at 800 °C for 3 min by rapid thermal processing (RTP). As confirmed by X-ray diffractometry and Raman spectrometry, hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon films were obtained after the annealing procedure. The mechanism of the rapid solid-phase recrystallization of a-Si:H film by RTP was theoretically mainly attributed to the interaction between short-wavelength photons and ground-state precursor radicals (silicon, SiH₂ and SiH₃).     

Synthesizing tertiary silver/silica/kaolinite nanocomposite using photo-reduction method: Characterization of morphology and electromagnetic properties

Silver was loaded on silica/kaolinite by photo-reduction technique. The present study investigated the effects of the UV irradiation on different characteristics of the particles employing X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FTIR), UV–vis spectrophotometer (UVS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller specific surface area method (BETM), zeta potential measurement (ZPM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX) and electromagnetic transition instrument (ETI). XRD, FTIR as well as UV absorption methods evidenced that synthesizing procedure was successful under UV irradiation. TGA results demonstrated that the Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) generated on the silica/kaolinite surface can decrease thermal stability of particles due to proton delocalization of hydroxyl groups and Hofmann–Klemen effect. EDX results showed the presence of chemical elements namely Fe, Al, Si, Mg, K, Ti, Ag, Ca and Fe on the surface of tertiary nanocomposite. The synthesized silver/silica/kaolinite particles were found to have a higher electromagnetic absorption activity compared with silica/kaolinite. As a result, they can be used in polymer-based composites for preparing high performance electromagnetic interference shielding materials.     

Synthesizing tertiary silver/silica/kaolinite nanocomposite using photo-reduction method: Characterization of morphology and electromagnetic properties

Silver was loaded on silica/kaolinite by photo-reduction technique. The present study investigated the effects of the UV irradiation on different characteristics of the particles employing X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FTIR), UV–vis spectrophotometer (UVS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller specific surface area method (BETM), zeta potential measurement (ZPM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX) and electromagnetic transition instrument (ETI). XRD, FTIR as well as UV absorption methods evidenced that synthesizing procedure was successful under UV irradiation. TGA results demonstrated that the Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) generated on the silica/kaolinite surface can decrease thermal stability of particles due to proton delocalization of hydroxyl groups and Hofmann–Klemen effect. EDX results showed the presence of chemical elements namely Fe, Al, Si, Mg, K, Ti, Ag, Ca and Fe on the surface of tertiary nanocomposite. The synthesized silver/silica/kaolinite particles were found to have a higher electromagnetic absorption activity compared with silica/kaolinite. As a result, they can be used in polymer-based composites for preparing high performance electromagnetic interference shielding materials.