咪唑啉缓蚀剂的研究与应用进展

概述了近几年来国内外咪唑啉缓蚀剂的研究成果，着重介绍了咪唑啉缓蚀剂的合成及实验室评价咪唑啉缓蚀剂缓蚀效率的方法和实验设备，对咪唑啉缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理及其在石油、天然气工业中的应用和研究进展进行了叙述。     

氢氟酸缓蚀剂的应用研究

本文通过静态和动态挂片试验研究了缓蚀剂浓度、温度、Fe^3 含量和流速对氢氟酸缓蚀剂Dodigen-95缓蚀性能的影响，并通过稳态极化曲线的测定对其缓蚀机理进行了初步探讨。试验结果表明，该缓蚀剂是一种以抑制阳极过程为主的混合型吸附缓蚀剂，对多种碳钢具有优良的缓蚀性能。     

以米糠提取液为主料的气相缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能

开发环境友好型缓蚀剂是缓蚀剂技术发展的必然趋势,从天然物中提取有效成分作为缓蚀剂就是途径之一,采用气相缓蚀剂可以有效减轻腐蚀,适应可持续发展的要求.用酸化浸取法从米糠中提取植酸,复配成了气相缓蚀剂;采用失重、极化曲线和阻抗测试等评价了该缓蚀剂的气相缓蚀效率,并对其缓蚀机理进行了初步探讨.结果表明:该缓蚀剂对碳钢的气相腐蚀有良好的缓蚀效果,缓蚀率可达97%;该缓蚀剂为阳极吸附型缓蚀剂,符合Langmuir吸附等温式.     

盐酸介质中铝缓蚀剂抗干扰性能的研究

研究了盐酸介质中铝缓蚀剂JA-l的抗干扰性能。结果表明，JA-l是一种缓蚀效果好，抗干扰性强的缓蚀剂。     

N-芳基-α-氨基苄基膦酸的合成及其缓蚀性能研究

制备了14种膦酸缓蚀剂,其中7种为新报道的化合物。考查了膦酸浓度及溶液pH值对缓蚀性能的影响,分析了膦酸分子结构与缓蚀性能的关系,探讨了膦酸的缓蚀机理。结果表明,在膦酸的浓度低于100mg/L时,随着膦酸浓度的增大,对Q235钢的缓蚀能力明显加强;在高pH值条件下,膦酸的缓蚀效果较好。表面膜分析证实膦酸是一种吸附型的缓蚀剂,苯环上供电子基团有利于形成致密的保护膜。     

改性木素磺酸盐新型缓蚀剂及其性能的研究

介绍了木素磺酸盐改性为缓蚀剂GCL2的合成基本路线及分子的基本特点，通过电化学和挂片试验研究了GCL2的缓蚀性能。结果表明，改性木素磺酸盐缓蚀剂GCL2在中性水介质中，对碳钢的缓蚀性能优异。     

盐酸介质中铝缓蚀剂的研制与评价

由于铝在大气或中性介质中易形成牢固的钝化膜而具有良好的抗蚀性能，从而广泛应用于化肥生产设备、石油化工设备和其他化学工业设备中。介质沉积往往使铝设备热效率下降、堵塞报废，严重影响生产的正常运行。为使铝质设备盐酸清洗成为可能，人们对盐酸中铝的缓蚀剂研究已做了大量工作，但由于缓蚀剂缓蚀性能差、缓蚀作用时间短或抗干扰性能差等原因，绝大多数缓蚀剂尚无法投入实际应用。     

一种苄叉丙酮Mannich碱缓蚀剂的合成及其缓蚀性能

Mannich碱是较普遍的酸化缓蚀剂之一,其分子结构对缓蚀性能影响较大。以苄叉丙酮为活泼氢化合物,与多聚甲醛、环己胺通过Mannich反应合成了一种新型Mannich碱缓蚀剂M1,采用失重法、极化曲线、交流阻抗、原子力显微镜等研究了其在18％HCl溶液中对Q235钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明：在90℃,18％HCl中,M1含量为0．3％时,缓蚀效率达97．71％;在60℃,18％HCl中,M1含量为0．2％时,缓蚀效率达93．29％;M1为抑制阳极为主的混合型缓蚀剂,在金属表面的吸附符合Langmiur等温吸附模型,缓蚀性能优异。     

油气田用咪唑啉缓蚀剂的研究进展

介绍了咪唑啉缓蚀剂的研究进展及其在油田中的应用情况,分析了咪唑啉类缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理并指出其未来的发展方向：注重开发低毒、环保咪唑啉缓蚀剂品种;考虑油田复杂的腐蚀环境,研制更具专一性的咪唑啉类缓蚀剂;完善、统一缓蚀机理。     

膦羧酸型缓蚀阻垢剂的缓蚀行为研究

采用经典的挂片失重法和电化学方法研究了CN-11膦羧酸型缓蚀阻垢剂在自来水中,在不同温度下的敞开系统和85℃的充氮脱氧密闭系统中对碳钢的缓蚀性能,并探讨该缓蚀剂的阻垢作用.结果表明:该缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率不高,使用不当甚至会加速腐蚀,但加入该缓蚀剂能明显阻止锈垢的生成,大大减小了垢下局部腐蚀的发生,提高抗局部腐蚀能力,可明显延长设备的实际使用寿命,另一方面由于其阻垢作用而保证了传热效果.CN-11型缓蚀剂具有缓蚀与阻垢的双重功效,具有实用意义与发展潜力.     

新型肉桂基咪唑啉缓蚀剂的合成及其对盐酸介质中Q235钢的缓蚀性能

目前,有关用肉桂酸和有机胺合成咪唑啉衍生物及其合成产物的缓蚀性能与机理研究未见介绍。利用肉桂酸和二乙烯三胺脱水反应生成咪唑啉衍生物,采用失重法、电化学方法、量子化学计算研究了合成缓蚀剂对Q235钢的缓蚀性能和机理。结果表明,新型肉桂基咪唑啉的缓蚀率随缓蚀剂浓度的增大而升高,＂-31mol／LHCl中缓蚀剂浓度为800m...     

饱和CO2环境下噻唑衍生物的缓蚀性能和电化学特征

在油气田的CO2腐蚀控制中,添加缓蚀剂是一种简单、经济而又行之有效的办法.合成了一种噻唑衍生物缓蚀剂,利用腐蚀失重法和电化学方法对其在饱和CO2环境下的缓蚀效果进行了评价,对其电化学特征进行了表征,并初步探讨了其在饱和CO2环境下的缓蚀机理.结果表明,该噻唑衍生物对饱和CO,条件下N80钢的腐蚀有较好的抑制作用,在试验条件下,该缓蚀剂的加入量为500mg/L时,液相及气相缓蚀率分别为86.9%和89.6%;噻唑衍生物主要依靠分子中的S,N原子与N80钢表面直接发生吸附,从而起到缓蚀作用.     

Berberine as an Environmental-Friendly Inhibitor for Hot-Dip Coated Steels in Diluted Hydrochloric Acid

The inhibition effect of an excellent environmental-friendly corrosion inhibitor-berberine on hot-dip coated steels in the diluted HCl has been investigated by using quantum chemistry analysis, mass-loss tests, electrochemical measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation. Calculation results show that berberine has a nearly planar structure with a number of active centers. The value of Mulliken charge, and the distribution of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lower unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) imply that berberine has a good ability of electron exchange with metal surface. The test results indicate that inhibition efficiency (IE%) increases with the inhibitor concentration and the highest IE can reach 99%. Adsorption of berberine on the coating surface follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm with a single molecular layer by chemisorption.     

桐油酸咪唑啉衍生物的合成及其缓蚀性能

桐油能自干成膜但水溶性差,在缓蚀剂中的应用有局限性。为此,以桐油为原料合成了桐油酸,将其与二乙烯三胺反应后,产物再与甲基丙烯酸甲酯反应制成桐油酸咪唑啉衍生物,利用红外光谱分析了合成产物的分子结构,利用失重法和动电位极化曲线考察了合成产物在盐酸溶液中对N80钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明:合成的桐油酸咪唑啉衍生物为以阴极抑制为主的混合型缓蚀剂,能有效抑制N80钢在盐酸介质中的腐蚀;随着桐油酸咪唑啉衍生物浓度的增大以及腐蚀介质温度和浓度的降低,N80钢的腐蚀速率下降,缓蚀效率上升。     

Corrosion inhibition and adsorption behavior of 2-((dehydroabietylamine)methyl)-6-methoxyphenol on mild steel surface in seawater

The inhibition effect of a Dehydroabietylamine Schiff base derivative, namely 2-((dehydroabietylamine)methyl)-6-methoxyphenol (DMP) against mild steel corrosion in seawater was evaluated using weight loss and electrochemical techniques (potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance). The experimental results showed that DMP is a good corrosion inhibitor and the inhibition efficiency increased with the increase of DMP concentration, while the adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, theoretical calculation of electronic density, molecular electrostatic potential and molecular dynamics were carried out to establish mechanism of corrosion inhibition for mild steel with DMP in seawater medium. The inhibition action of the compound was assumed to occur via adsorption on the steel surface through the active centers in the molecule. The corrosion inhibition is due to the formation of a chemisorbed film on the steel surface.     

Electrochemical,surface analytical and quantum chemical studies on Schiff bases of 4-amino-4H-1, 2, 4-triazole-3,5-dimethanol (ATD) in corrosion protection of aluminium in 1N HNO<Subscript>3</Subscript>

The present study describes the inhibition of aluminium in 1N HNO₃ with different concentrations of 1,2,4-triazole precursors ATD, BATD and DBATD using gravimetric method, potentiodynamic polarization studies (Tafel), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), adsorption studies, surface morphological studies and quantum chemical calculations at 298 K. Polarization studies clearly showed that ATD, BATD and DBATD act as mixed type inhibitors. As the electron density around the inhibitor molecule increases due to substitution, the inhibition efficiency also increases correspondingly. Quantum chemical approach was used to calculate some electronic properties of the molecule to ascertain the correlation between inhibitive effect and molecular structure of the inhibitor. The corrosion inhibition efficiencies of these molecules and the global chemical reactivity relate to some parameters, such as E _HOMO , E _LUMO , gap energy (ΔE), electronegativity (χ), global hardness (η) and the fraction of electrons transferred from the inhibitor molecule to the metallic atom (DN\Delta \emph{N}). In addition, the local reactivity has been analysed through the Fukui function and condensed softness indices. Both the experimental and theoretical studies agree well in this regard and confirm that DBATD is a better inhibitor than BATD and ATD. The adsorption behaviours of molecules on the copper surface have been studied using molecular dynamics method and density functional theory. The order of inhibitory action is DBATD > BATD > ATD.     

双缩合希夫碱耐温酸化缓蚀剂的合成及性能研究

为了解决原油开采中酸液腐蚀的问题,采用溶剂法合成出2种双缩合希夫碱缓蚀剂XFJ-1、XFJ-2.针对90℃、15％(质量分数)HCl的环境,通过静态失重法、极化曲线法等方法评价了其缓蚀性能,并采用模拟手段从分子层面解释了二者的缓蚀机理.结果表明:2种缓蚀剂在质量分数分别为1.0％时缓蚀效率分别可以达到82.90％和99...     

Indole and Its Derivatives as Corrosion Inhibitors forC-Steel during Pickling

1. IntroductionMany studies have been devoted to the inhibitionof steel i. acidic media by organic compounds[1-3],but indole and its derivatives have been relativelylittle studiedl4'5]. The chemical structure of the inhibitor molecules plays a significant role and often determines whether or not a compound will effectivelyinhibit a specific system.The present work has been carried out to investigate the inhibiting effect of indole and some of itsderivatives on the corrosion inhibition of C-ste…     

绿色气相缓蚀剂的复配及其缓蚀性能研究

目的 为解决单组分绿色气相缓蚀剂缓蚀性能差的问题,复配一种绿色复合气相缓蚀剂,探究其对碳钢和黄铜金属试样的缓蚀作用。方法 采用腐蚀质量损失、接触角、电化学等试验测试分析复合气相缓蚀剂对碳钢、黄铜的缓蚀效果与成膜耐久性。结果 复合气相缓蚀剂对10号钢、H62黄铜的缓蚀效率分别为84.71%、91.67%,缓蚀性能显著优于单组分气相缓蚀剂;复合气相缓蚀剂在10号钢、H62黄铜表面均形成了缓蚀膜,H62黄铜表面形成的缓蚀膜较10号钢的更具耐久性。结论 与单组分气相缓蚀剂相比,该复合气相缓蚀剂对碳钢、黄铜均具备良好的缓蚀作用,为绿色气相缓蚀剂的防锈包装应用提供支撑。