快速凝固Al—Ti合金的再结晶

本文研究了快速凝固Ａｌ－Ｔｉ合金的再结晶行为,探讨了增强相Ａｌ３Ｔｉ颗粒对合金再结晶进程的影响。增强体Ａｌ３Ｔｉ的存在促进再结晶晶粒形核,增大再结晶驱动力,从而降低再结晶激活能,加速Ａｌ－Ｔｉ合金再结晶的进程。     

Al-Ti异种合金真空钎焊的研究

在结合界面上生成层状的脆而硬的金属化合物（TiAl3,TiAl和Ti3Al)是Al-Ti异种合金焊接所存在的主要问题,本工作基一协内外研究成果和相关资料,利用正蛟设计在理,以Al-11.5Si近共晶合金为基,通过添加元素Sn和Ga形成9种钎料,并利用各新钎料对Al合金和Ti合金进行了真空钎焊,勇于强度试验和铺展性试验,对该9种钎料进行评定,试验结果表明,含10％Sn,0.20%GAa的Al-11.5Si铝基钎料铺展性和抗剪强度等方面都具有较好的性能,使Al-Ti异种合金构件达到较好的机械性能。     

超高强度Ti微合金复相钢再结晶行为研究

本文采用单道次和双道次压缩实验研究超高强度微合金Ti复相钢（CP钢）在变形温度为800～1150℃,应变速率为0.1～10 s-1条件下的再结晶行为,观察了各种变形条件下的对再结晶行为的影响.研究发现,高的钛含量明显提高了动态再结晶和静态再结晶的激活能.通过扫描电镜发现,细小氮化钛和碳化钛分布在奥氏体基体及晶界处,其颗...     

复合微合金化对Al-Mg合金组织与性能的影响

研究了Sc和Ti复合微合金化对Al-Mg合金显微组织与拉伸性能的影响.结果表明:Sc和Ti复合微合金化可以显著提高Al-Mg合金的强度,并可细化铸态合金的晶粒组织.微量Sc和Ti的加入可使合金中形成大量细小弥散的球形Al3(Ti,Sc)粒子,这些Al3(Ti,Sc)粒子对位错和亚晶界具有强烈地钉扎作用,因而能强烈抑制合金的再结晶.Sc和Ti复合微合金化的Al-Mg合金的强化作用主要来源于Al3(Ti,Sc)粒子的析出强化和亚结构强化以及细晶强化.     

真空热压原位Al3Ti增强MgAl基复合材料合成机制

采用真空热压原位合成法制备Al₃Ti增强Mg-Al基复合材料。研究了烧结工艺对复合材料显微结构的影响。探讨了Al₃Ti的原位合成机制, 提出了Ti和Al的微观反应模型。采用XRD、 SEM等方法分析了复合材料的相组成及微观结构。结果表明, Mg-Al基复合材料组织致密, 原位合成增强相Al₃Ti颗粒在基体中均匀分布, 尺寸为0.5~2.0 μm, 与基体界面紧密结合, 同时存在少量残余的Ti和中间相Al-Ti。     

提高6063系铝合金强度方法的探讨

本文主要综述了不同合金元素（Mg、Si、Cu、Fe）、精炼剂、不同的细化剂（Al—Ti—B、Al-Ti—C、RE—Al—Ti—B）以及工艺参数（风冷和水冷）对Al—Mg—Si系6063铝合金组织性能的影响。     

Zn对Mg-11Gd-3Y-0.5Zr合金热压缩行为的影响

本研究对均匀化后的Mg-11Gd-3Y-xZn-0.5Zr(x=0,0.3,0.7,1.5,质量分数/％)合金进行温度为350～500℃、应变速率为0.002～1 s-1的热压缩实验,对合金显微组织进行分析,计算了合金的热变形激活能,构建并分析了合金的热加工图.结果表明:Mg-11Gd-3Y-xZn-0.5Zr合金热变形发生了动态回复和动态再结晶,峰值应力都随Zn含量的增加而增大;流变应力随温度的升高或应变速率的降低而升高.在应变量小于0.4时,流变应力随Zn含量增加而增加,当应变量达到0.4后流变应力随Zn含量增加先增加后降低,在Zn含量为0.7％时流变应力达到最大值;少量Zn(0.3％)的加入就能明显提高合金的热变形激活能,但进一步增加Zn的含量(0.3％～1.5％)对合金激活能几乎没有影响;通过热加工图确定了合金适合的热加工工艺范围;Zn元素能够减小合金失稳区范围,减缓合金再结晶进程的同时细化了合金组织,当Zn含量为0.7％时合金的可热加工性最好.     

氩弧熔覆含Al_2O_3-TiB_2增强颗粒的自熔性镍基合金复合层的冲蚀磨损性能

为了提高Al2O3-Ti B2复相陶瓷涂层的冲蚀磨损性能并降低熔覆成本,以Ni60A自熔性合金粉末、Al2O3粉末以及Al-Ti O2-B2O3体系为原料,在Q235钢表面氩弧熔覆原位合成了Al2O3-Ti B2增强颗粒复合层。采用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度仪及冲蚀磨损试验对熔覆层的显微组织、物相结构、显微硬度和耐冲蚀磨损性能进行分析。结果表明:熔覆层与基体之间的结合方式为冶金结合,界面无气孔、裂纹;熔覆层中有Al2O3,Ti B2,Fe2B和Fe19Ni3相生成;熔覆层的显微硬度最高可达771.9 HV,较基体提高了3.82倍;熔覆层的冲蚀磨损性能相对基体提高了2.49~4.70倍。     

原位自生Ti3 Al金属间化合物基复合材料的微观结构

采用原位自生（XD）法制备Ti3Al金属间化合物基复合材料,对复合材料的XRD,OM和SEM的分析结果表明,Ti-17Al-0.5C复合材料的基体为Ti3Al,增强相为Ti3AlC,且增强相在基体中按一定的方位排列,Ti-17Al-1.5(2.0)C复合材料的基体为Ti3Al,增强相由心部TiC矣包覆层Ti3AlC双层组成,随着含C量的增加,增强相由不发达的树脂晶变为等轴晶,对合金进行微力学探针测试表明,增强相TiC和Ti3AlC的显微硬度和弹性模量均大于基体Ti3Al,随着C含量的增加,合金中增强相和基体的显微硬度和弹性模量无明显变化。     

低频电磁场对原位合成Al3Ti/Al复合材料凝固组织的影响

在低频电磁场条件下,以Al-K2TiF6为体系,通过熔体直接反应法原位合成Al3Ti/Al复合材料。采用SEM等方法研究了低频磁场不同参数如输入电流强度、磁场频率等对Al3Ti/Al复合材料增强体颗粒形貌、尺寸及分布的影响,探讨了低频旋转磁场下原位合成Al3Ti/Al复合材料的机制。研究表明,当感应线圈内输入电流200A,频率<5Hz时,磁场作用时间3～5min时,得到尺寸细小、分布均匀的Al3Ti/Al复合材料。一定范围内,增大电流或增加频率,磁场作用时间相应减少。但不能无限增加,否则颗粒将会被去除。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.