基于超材料设计的钡铁氧体吸波涂层研究

本工作设计了一种基于超材料结构的钡铁氧体吸波涂层,分析了超材料的结构设计对钡铁氧体涂层吸波性能的影响,并对涂层的吸波机理进行了研究和讨论。通过仿真发现,钡铁氧体涂层经超材料设计改进后,吸波性能得到大幅增强,改进后的钡铁氧体涂层存在最佳的匹配厚度2.5mm和电阻膜方块电阻值70Ω/,此时涂层的吸收带宽最大,并存在两个吸收峰,在8～18GHz频段内反射损耗都小于-10dB。钡铁氧体通过超材料设计改进后,吸波性能得到极大改善。     

纳米六角晶系铁氧体吸波材料的制备方法及研究进展

纳米六角晶系铁氧体兼有铁氧体和纳米材料二者的优点,具有价格低廉、吸渡性能好的特点,可以作为一种高效的吸波材料,因此,越来越引起广泛的重视和深入的研究.综述了纳米六角晶系铁氧体吸波材料的各类制备方法,并详细介绍了纳米六角晶系铁氧体吸波材料的研究进展,展望了其发展方向,最后提出了纳米复合铁氧体吸波材料是一个重要的研究方向.     

钡铁氧体纳米复合材料的制备及其微波吸收性能的研究

采用聚乙二醇凝胶法制备了M-型钡铁氧体复合氧化物纳米材料,并将其与传统的微波吸收剂铁粉结合起来,制成双层复合的吸波涂层,进行测试,得到性能良好的微波吸收材料.在总结实验事实的基础上,对纳米复合材料的吸波机理进行了探讨.     

吸附钡铁氧体的多孔陶粒吸波材料制备及其性能

以硝酸铁、硝酸钡、柠檬酸为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法合成钡铁氧体溶胶,将其吸附于多孔陶粒表面和微孔中,经焙烧制备得到电磁吸波功能陶粒;再将该功能陶粒用作集料制备新型水泥基复合吸波材料。研究了合成的钡铁氧体的物相、形貌、复介电常数和复磁导率;结果表明合成的钡铁氧体纯度高,合成温度对其结晶度和晶体形貌有影响,经1000℃煅烧制得的钡铁氧体具有良好的吸波能力;对制得的功能陶粒进行了测试,结果表明钡铁氧体能包覆至陶粒表面和孔壁上;采用弓形法测得的功能陶粒水泥基吸波材料在8~18GHz频率范围内的电磁波反射率明显优于采用碎石和普通陶粒制备的试样。     

六角晶系钡铁氧体与锶铁氧体吸波性能的比较

采用柠檬酸盐溶胶一凝胶法制备了六角晶系钡铁氧体BaFe12O19与锶铁氧体SrFe12O19.采用XRD、AFM、TEM研究了产物的粒形、粒径与矿物组成.结果表明,铁氧体的平均粒径为50nm.采用网络分析仪分别测试了0.1～6GHz内铁氧体的介电常数、磁导率与12～18GHz内吸波涂层的微波损耗.结果表明,钡、锶铁氧体的介电常数虚部形态与损耗角正切形态基本相同,但钡铁氧体在较宽的频率范围内具有较多的损耗角正切峰值,钡铁氧体的吸波性能优于锶铁氧体.     

碳化硅表面钡铁氧体薄膜制备与吸波性能

采用柠檬酸盐溶胶-凝胶法在碳化硅表面形成钡铁氧体薄膜.XRD表明生成的铁氧体为六角磁铅型晶体BaFe12O19.测定了材料在0.1～6.0 GHz内的介电常数与磁导率.与单纯钡铁氧体比较,碳化硅表面沉积钡铁氧体薄层后复合相吸波频段宽化,吸波能力增强.     

空心微珠铁氧体复合粉体的改性与吸波性能

研究了柠檬酸盐溶胶-凝胶方法制备空心微珠-钡、锶、钴镍钡铁氧体复合粉体的微观形貌, 采用化学添加剂改善铁氧体的包覆性能. SEM、EDS分析表明铁氧体在空心微珠表面的包覆状态与铁氧体种类无关; 在前驱体中加入乙二醇或聚乙二醇可以使铁氧体对空心微珠的包覆更加完整、牢固致密. 用网络分析仪测试了C波段5.0～6.5GHz、X波段8.2～12.4GHz、Ku波段12.5～18.0GHz内1.8mm厚铁氧体空心微珠复合粉体制备的吸波涂层的微波损耗. 试验表明：铁氧体空心微珠复合粉体具有良好的电磁吸波性能, 吸波涂层在5～18GHz内微波反射损失总体上大于单纯铁氧体涂层; 加入乙二醇或聚乙二醇有助于提高涂层的吸波效果.     

M型钡铁氧体-聚吡咯纳米复合材料的制备及其微波吸收性能的研究

从实验和理论两方面研究了M型钡铁氧体-聚吡咯复合材料的微波吸收性能。实验上采用溶胶-凝胶法制备M型钡铁氧体,然后在钡铁氧体存在的条件下原位聚合得到M型钡铁氧体-聚吡咯复合材料。理论上假设试样厚度d=2mm,计算出不同聚吡咯复合材料的理论反射率。结果显示M型钡铁氧体-聚吡咯复合材料具有较好的吸波效果。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备空心微珠表面钡铁氧体包覆层的研究

铁氧体是微波吸收材料的主要成分之一,应用非常广泛,但由于铁氧体比重较大,制成吸波材料难以满足吸收频带宽、质量轻、厚度薄的要求,因此实际使用的铁氧体吸波涂层往往不是单一的铁氧体涂层,而是通过复合制备成复合铁氧体吸波涂层.以质量轻、化学性能稳定的热电厂粉煤灰空心微珠为基体,以硝酸铁、硝酸钡和柠檬酸为原料,用溶胶-凝胶法在空心微珠表面包覆钡铁氧体涂层,并用差热分析仪(DTA)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、能谱仪(EDX)和扫描电镜(SEM)对其进行了分析表征,结果表明用溶胶-凝胶法在空心微珠表面能均匀地包覆一层薄的M-型钡铁氧体涂层.     

漂珠/钡铁氧体/聚苯胺复合材料的电磁性能及吸波机理研究

采用溶胶-凝胶自蔓延燃烧法制备了漂珠/钡铁氧体磁性粉体,并以此为核,再利用原位掺杂聚合法制备出兼具电性能和磁性能的漂珠/钡铁氧体/聚苯胺复合材料。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)和矢量网络分析仪(VNA)等表征手段,分析了该材料的微观形貌、结构、电磁性能及吸波性能。结果表明,制备的漂珠/钡铁氧体/聚苯胺复合材料表层呈珊瑚状结构,存在聚苯胺和钡铁氧体的特征衍射峰;复合材料的磁性能随聚苯胺掺杂量的增加而减弱,但吸波性能却随之增强;当吸波层厚度为1.2mm、频率为16.4GHz时,样品的吸收峰值可达-42.94dB。     

A crystallization conditions study of the Ti‐doped barium hexaferrite powders synthesized with the glass crystallization technique for microwave applications

For microwave applications Titanium doped M‐type hexagonal ferrites have been synthesized by means of glass crystallization technique varying the crystallization parameters and the melt doping concentrations. The chosen melt dopings were x = 5.4 and 7.2 mole‐% TiO₂ with the following basic composition (mole‐%): 40 BaO + 33 B₂O₃ + (27‐x) Fe₂O₃ + x TiO₂. We have studied the dependencies between the magnetic properties, the valence of the iron ions in the glasses and the powders, the formation of new dielectric phases and the microwave absorption. After the Ti⁴⁺ ions substitutions, the magnetocrystalline anisotropy changed, this effect was observed in the static magnetic properties (_JH_C and M_S) measured using a vibration sample magnetometer. Furthermore the Ti⁴⁺ ions preferably occupy mainly the 2a as well as slightly the 2b sites in the lattice of the barium hexaferrite, which are studied using Mössbauer spectroscopy. Besides, the X‐ray diffraction studies proved that the formation of the ferrimagnetic (BaFe_12‐xTi_xO₁₂) and dielectric (BaTi₆O₁₃) phases are dependent on the crystallization parameters. The controlled influencing of lattice sites occupation and of the Fe²⁺ content in the ferrimagnetic phase as well as the controlled formation of the dielectric phase rate during the annealing are possibilities to optimize the microwave absorption of Ti‐doped barium hexaferrite powders synthesized by glass crystallization technique.     

Influence of Co<Superscript>++</Superscript> ion concentration on magnetic and microwave properties of Ba<Subscript>(4−X)</Subscript>Co<Subscript>(2+X)</Subscript>Fe<Subscript>36</Subscript>O<Subscript>60</Subscript> (Ba-M-Y) hexaferrite

The present paper reports the influence of cobalt content on the structural, electrical, magnetic and microwave properties of barium hexaferrite synthesized via chemical co-precipitation method. The samples were characterized for their structural, electrical, magnetic and microwave characterizations using XRD, SEM, TEM, VSM etc. The transmission electron microscopy results showed that stacking of nanoparticles of size?~?50 nm. In addition, the highest saturation magnetization of 29.82 emu/g was observed for composition x?=?0.2. The microwave permittivity and permeability decreases with frequency and it varies with the cobalt concentration. Cobalt concentration strongly affects the microwave and magnetic properties of hexaferrite.     

单壁碳纳米管/六角钡铁氧体复合材料的微波吸收性能

用电弧法制备含铁的单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs), 并将其提纯之后掺杂到用溶胶-凝胶自燃法制备的M型六角钡铁氧体(BaFe₁₂O₁₉)纳米晶粉体中, 得到了具有网状结构的复合材料。利用同轴法测试了样品的电磁参数, 研究了不同混合比SWCNTs/BaFe₁₂O₁₉ 复合材料的吸波性能。结果表明: 复合粉体SWCNTs/BaFe₁₂O₁₉的磁损耗主要是由于自然共振和交换共振引起的; 当掺杂2%(质量分数)SWCNTs时, 微波反射衰减最大值可以达到 24.85 dB, 高于10 dB的频带宽度可以达到6.30 GHz, 具有较宽的吸波频段。      

Synthesis of <Emphasis Type="Italic">c</Emphasis>-Axis Barium Hexaferrite Puck for Communication Application

Recent progress and needs by telecommunication industries require thick barium ferrite film with excellent magnetic properties for microwave monolithic integrated circuit applications. In the present work we show a novel barium hexaferrite (BaFe₁₂O₁₉, or BaM) composite material, BaFe₁₂O₁₉ nanopowder mixture with epoxy, as a low-cost solution to fabricate thick BaM films. The mix is used to fabricate thick puck of BaM within an alumina substrate. The resulting barium hexaferrite thick pucks have good magnetic properties with a magnetization saturation 4πMs between 2000 and 2500 Gauss, a perpendicular coercivity of 3800 to 4000 Oe and a close to 0.9 squareness. In addition, we have successfully fabricated and tested a self-biased microwave circulator by depositing and patterning copper contact lines on the alumina substrate and the BaM thick puck.     

微波辅助溶胶凝胶自燃烧一步合成六角铁酸钡纳米晶及其磁性能

以乙二胺四乙酸柠檬酸+乙二醇为复合络合剂, 冷冻干燥去除溶胶中水分, 提高凝胶中金属离子与氧化剂的分布均匀性, 并利用微波辅助溶胶凝胶自燃烧一步合成了六角铁酸钡纳米晶. 所得纳米晶近于球形, 尺寸在50~100nm, 其饱和磁化强度为338.5kA/m, 矫顽场仅为20.7kA/m. 分析表明, 富氧条件有利于避免自燃烧过程中由于有机物还原引起的铁元素分布不均匀, 从而有利于铁酸钡的相形成.     

Enhancing absorption properties of Mg–Ti substituted barium hexaferrite nanocomposite through the addition of MWCNT

M-type barium ferrite with Mg–Ti substitution and MWCNT addition was synthesized using high-energy ball milling. The prepared sample was further analyzed using X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), vibrating sample magnetometer and vector network analyzer. The results showed that the particle size had a wide range of distribution, and a hexagonal structure was formed in the sample. The sample was observed to have lower saturation magnetization and coercivity after Mg–Ti was substituted with MWCNT and added into the barium hexaferrite. Reflection loss was studied as a function of frequency and thickness of the sample. For Mg–Ti substituted barium hexaferrite composite with a thickness of 2.0 mm, the reflection loss peaked at ?28.83 dB at a frequency of 15.57 GHz with a bandwidth of 6.43 GHz at a loss of less than ?10 dB. The microwave absorption primarily resulted from magnetic losses caused by magnetization relaxation, domain wall resonance, and natural resonance. FESEM micrograph demonstrated that carbon nanotubes were attached to the external surface of the ferrite nanoparticles. The investigation of the microwave absorption indicated that with an addition of carbon nanotubes, the real and imaginary parts of permittivity and reflection loss had enhanced to ?34.16 dB at a frequency of 14.19 GHz with a bandwidth of 5.72 GHz.     

Complex Permittivity and Permeability of Co$_2$U (Ba$_4$Co$_2$Fe$_36$O$_60$) Hexaferrite Bulk and Composite Thick Films at Radio and Microwave Frequencies

We measured dielectric, magnetic, and microwave properties of Co ₂U hexaferrite (Ba₄Co₂Fe₃₆O ₆₀) polycrystalline bulk and composite thick film samples, and studied the effect of annealing temperature on phase formation and microstructure. We synthesized the bulk samples from a precursor prepared by the citrate method. The values of dielectric constant at radio frequencies (50 Hz-1 MHz) of the bulk Co₂U12 sample sintered at 1200degC are much higher, and the resistivities are lower, compared to M-type barium hexaferrites. Coercivity is also low, having a value of 5 G for the Co₂U12 sample, whereas the saturation magnetization value is 59 emu/g, which is comparable to that of M-type hexaferrites. We also measured the complex permittivity and permeability for Co₂U12 samples at microwave frequencies and found the values high compared to M-type barium hexaferrite at these frequencies. Thick composite films were prepared from a ferrite-polymer mix, and all the above properties were studied for these films. We observed that these thick films have lower values of dielectric and magnetic parameters both at low and microwave frequencies. We measured microwave-absorbing properties for the ferrite-polymer sample (ferrite to polymer ratio 70/30) which showed a maximum reflection loss of -37.5 dB at 11.5 GHz for the 3.5-mm-thick sample     

壳-芯型复合陶瓷材料的制备及其电磁特性

为了提高吸波剂对电磁波的吸收性能, 采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了表面包覆有一定厚度的炭黑薄膜的钛酸钡复合粒子. 并利用XRD和TEM方法对其形貌结构进行了分析; 同时研究了复合粒子的导电性能、电磁参数以及对电磁波的吸收性能. 结果表明: 钛酸钡颗粒的直径在50～70nm之间, 包覆层厚度为10～20nm. 包覆工艺显著改善了材料的导电性能并提高了介电常数, 而且随着复合粒子在吸波材料基体中的含量不同, 对电磁波的吸收性能也有着不同的影响: 当吸收材料中复合粒子含量达到或超过20wt%时, 复合粒子明显改善了吸收材料对电磁波的吸收性能.     

平面六角晶系铁氧体混合材料涂层的优良吸波特性*

对W型和Y型复合组分平面六角晶系铁氧体的制备及两者混合材料涂层的吸波特性进行了研究,并对其复相对介电系数和复相对磁导率以及吸收衰减量随微波信号频率、掺杂Co^2 、Ti^4 含量、涂层厚度的变化进行了测试和分析,发现当表示含杂量的x=0.75,y=0.4时,铁氧体的吸波性能最佳,其匹配厚度为1.64mm,吸收衰减量最大可达37.5dB。     

Catalytic activity and magnetic properties of barium hexaferrite prepared from barite ore

Barium hexaferrite (BaFe₁₂O₁₉) has traditionally been used in permanent magnets and more recently used for high density magnetic recording. The classical ceramic method for the preparation of barium hexaferrite consists of firing mixture of chemical grade iron oxide and barium carbonate at high temperature. In this paper a mixture of chemical grade hematite, barium oxide and predetermined mixtures of iron oxide ore and barite ore containing variable amounts of coke were used to prepare barium hexaferrite (BaFe₁₂O₁₉) as a permanent magnetic material. The mixtures were mixed in a ball mill and fired for 20 h in a tube furnace at different temperatures (1100, 1150, 1200 and 1250 °C). XRD, magnetic properties, porosity measurements and catalytic activity were used for characterization of the produced ferrite. The results of experiments showed that the optimum conditions for the preparation of barium hexaferrite are found at 1200 °C for the mixture of chemical grade hematite and barium oxide. It was also found that the barium hexaferrite can be prepared from the iron and barite ores at 1200 °C. The addition of coke enhanced the yield of barium hexaferrite and improved its physicochemical properties. Samples prepared from ores with coke% = 0 show the most acidic active sites, they show a higher catalytic activity towards H₂O₂ decomposition. With addition of coke the catalytic activity decreases due to the poisoning effect of carbon on the available active site.