动态乐音谐波调制的听感谐和性分析

使用正弦加剩余噪声模型对不同乐器的乐音信号进行动态谐波调制,通过主观评价实验对不同调制模式下乐音的谐和感、粗糙感、自然感、尖锐感四项听感指标进行对比打分。结果表明,谐波调制所带来的谐和相关听感的影响以及合奏的协和感变化,在不同音色类型中具有一致性,谐和听感结果与调制方式有关。     

基于多特征融合的乐器声品质评价方法研究

在乐器声品质研究中,以往研究主要是从乐器的结构以及物理特性出发,忽略了乐音本身的重要性以及客观评价测量的不易实现性.为此,提出了一种基于多特征融合的乐器声品质评价方法.通过主观评价法获取乐器琵琶的声品质评价结果,建立具有主观评价的乐音信号库作为实验对象;提取乐音信号的相关系数(CC)、常数Q变换(CQT)和梅尔频率倒谱系数(MFCC)作为单一特征输入,以及多特征融合输入;并构建基于BP神经网络的乐器声品质评价模型.实验结果表明,该方法可以很好地应用于乐器声品质评价.     

乘法模型下西洋乐器音色特征

基于乐音的乘法模型分析研究了可用于西洋乐器音色识别的声学特征：谐波能量比、倒谱与Mel倒谱系数（MFCC）和该文提出的机制声MFCC。对西洋管弦乐器的单音进行了特征提取,通过分析乐器特征的模式,评价它们与音色的关联程度。音色由激励源和共振体共同决定,与共振体特性相比,激励源的特征更能反映音色的不同。研究结果表明：强调激励源本质的机制声MFCC和乐音MFCC能更好地体现音色之间的不同;机制声MFCC尤其适合对乐器大类的识别;谐波能量比仅反映共振体特性,可以在一定程度上反映音色的差别;复倒谱与实倒谱区别不同乐器的能力有限。     

社区适老视觉环境和听觉环境的营造

一、视觉、听觉与感受环境 人类感知周围的环境主要通过视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉这五种感知能力.五种感官中人的视觉和听觉最为重要,由这两个感官获取的外界信息占人类所有感官获取信量的90％以上.对于那些在生活中因为某些因素造成视觉缺陷的人们,听觉景观的人性化设计将有助于他们更好地感受周围的环境.     

数字印刷品非均匀性的综合评价

目的对数字印刷品大面积填充区域非均匀性感知质量的综合评价方法及其评价模型进行了研究。方法结合噪声功率谱和人眼视觉传递函数计算数字印刷品非均匀性质量指标,利用心理物理学实验获得人眼视觉对数字印刷品大面积填充区域非均匀性的主观感知评价得分,通过对200个印刷色块的主客观质量评价实验创建了非均匀性感知质量评价模型。结果非均匀性质量指标能较好地反映大面积填充区域在人眼视觉中的感知质量,非均匀性质量评价模型可有效提供定量的非均匀性感知质量综合评价。结论采用定量方式描述数字印刷品非均匀性的综合评价是完全可行的,具有很好的实用性和现实意义。     

智能助手多任务使用：信息模态和多任务类型的影响

研究智能助手多任务使用场景下多任务类型和信息模态对任务绩效和用户主观感受的影响。本研究采用两因子组内设计的人因学实验，测试了30名参试者在智能助手提供视觉-听觉双模态、视觉单模态、听觉单模态3种情况下，完成并行多任务和顺序多任务的任务绩效、感知易用性、感知有用性、使用意愿和认知负荷，采用重复测量方差分析处理所得数据。结果表明：并行多任务的完成时间显著小于顺序多任务；在任务完成时间和主观感受方面，视觉-听觉双模态显著优于视觉单模态和听觉单模态；多任务类型和信息模态的交互作用并不显著。实验为智能助手信息呈现方式和任务组织方式的设计提供了理论依据和实践指导。     

刍议视唱练耳教学方法

本文结合视唱练耳训练的理论与实践,对视唱练耳训练的基本内容和方法作了论述。从音阶与练习、单音的听辨、听唱、听写,到音程与和弦的模唱、听唱、构唱训练等方面进行音乐听觉训练,介绍节奏训练的主方法并强调视唱中的音准训练。     

数字化人机界面操作员听觉失误实验验证研究

对数字化监控室操作员在监视过程中的听觉失误进行了实验验证研究。实验设置了控制组与实验组,实验组分为视觉任务干扰和手动操作干扰,其中视觉任务干扰包括数字干扰、图形干扰和颜色干扰。实验结果表明,控制组的听觉失误率为0.02%,平均反应时间为6.51s;数字干扰下的听觉失误率为0.33%,平均反应时间为14.81s;图形干扰下的听觉失误率为0.15%,平均反应时间为12.32s;颜色干扰下的听觉失误率为0.04%,平均反应时间为9.07s;手动操作干扰下的听觉失误率为0.58%,平均反应时间为7.89s。通过SPSS软件分析发现,不同的干扰类型对听觉失误率的影响是显著的,对反应时间的影响也是显著的。     

图形创意在视觉传达设计中的运用策略

目的探析视觉传达设计中的图形创意特点及其具体应用。方法结合当前的时代背景,以视觉传达设计为支点,探讨图形创意在其中的几个突出特点,接着以此为基础深入分析图形创意在视觉传达设计中的平衡、借鉴、情感、联想等全新设计理念,最后再以具体的设计案例为指引,分别从其在标志设计、包装设计、平面广告设计等视觉传达设计领域的应用路径逐一分析,希望能够从中获得更多的对图形进行现代化设计与艺术处理的更多路径。结论图形创意在视觉传达设计中的融合能够以更加直观甚至无声的语言形式消除受众之间的国别差异和观念差异,从而更加直接、有效和迅速地传播信息,不仅实现了自身的趣味性、创新性,而且还丰富了作品的内涵,加深了记忆,从使图形创意的前途更加广阔。     

浅析错视图形的视觉表现形式

本文研究了错视图形的视觉表现形式。错视图形作为一种新颖奇特的图形表现形式,能给人一种超越时空的奇妙感即视觉悖论,它以其新颖刺激的形态唤起人们的注意,给人们带来全新的视觉感受,从而成为画面的“视觉的焦点”。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.