基于线阵CCD扫描法的拉丝模孔径测量仪

采用平行光投影法，以高精度线阵ＣＣＤ为测量传感器，结合机械扫描方法，完成对拉丝模孔径的快速检测。提出了ＣＣＤ孔径检测中抗暗斑干扰的电路设计。     

超大比表面积活性炭纤维对氮的多段吸附机理

研究了超大比表面积ＡＣＦ（Ｋ－ＡＣＦ）对氮的多吸附机理。通过各样品孔径结构（基于ＤＦＴ）和吸附过程（ＤＲ曲线描述）比较分析,探讨不同孔径结构对Ｋ－ＡＣＦ的多段吸附的影响,结合前人工作提出了超大比表面积ＡＣＦ的多段充填机理,并重点分析了极微孔中的吸附过程（第一吸附段）,解释了Ｋ－ＡＣＦ的ＤＲ曲线偏离理想ＤＲ曲线的原因。     

含氯甲基大孔径苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯微球的制备与表征

采用后聚合方法,通过氯甲基苯乙烯（ＶＢＣ）与大孔径苯乙烯－二乙烯基苯「Ｐ（Ｓｔ－ＤＶＢ）」交联树脂球粒中剩余双键的接枝悬浮聚合,制备出了氯甲基化大孔径Ｐ（Ｓｔ－ＤＶＢ）树脂。用压汞法和扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）表征了树脂的孔结构,接枝共聚反应的发生用红外学谱法予以证实,用元素分析测定了树脂含氯量,考察了ＶＢＣ用量及溶胀剂对后聚合反应及产物结构的影响。     

CCD传感器检测玻璃管外径和壁厚的研究

本文讨论了用ＣＣＤ传感器同时检测玻管外径和壁厚的工作原理，ＣＣＤ传感器的选择及数据处理，并给出了测量结果。     

用于自动分选链板的光电检测系统

提出了检测平板或边缘塌角的新方法，用Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光器作为光源，ＣＣＤ作为光电接收装置，对塌角信号进行检测。并对慢反射光的宽度，最大偏移作了详细的计算和讨论，并讨论了ＣＣＤ的位置约束关系。     

彩色显象管曝光台光电检测系统中CCD信号检测与处理电路设计

研究了彩色显象曝光台光电检测系统中，采用多片线阵ＣＣＤ实现显象管曝光台８个特征点水平微小位移实时同步测量的方法，给出了ＣＣＤ工作参数和输出电路设计。     

用CCD在线检测电线电缆直径

在线检测是现代化生产过程中一项十分重要测量手段。面阵ＣＣＤ作为一种新型的光电传感器件，它在实时测量方面有着广泛的发展前景，本文介绍一种ＣＣＤ在线测量电线电缆的测量系统和这种检测方法的原理及系统的组成，在此基础上讨论了采用面阵ＣＣＤ作为光电转换器件在实时测量电线电缆时的系统误差，进而提出减少这些误差的措施。     

受限于CCD光子噪声的探测能力分析

本文在分析了现有的研究成果的基础上，从光电子学的概念出发，根据ＣＣＤ噪声与输入信号相关的特性，提出了信噪比相关的信号检测概率，建立了ＣＣＤ光电系统对发光目标的极限探测能力公式。     

汽车前照灯光电检测系统

介绍一种新的汽车前照灯自动检测仪。该仪器采用了新的测量方法和信号处理技术（如ＣＣＤ摄像、ＣＡ－Ｄ５０１图像卡采集、“走迷宫”算法）能快速、准确地检测汽车前照灯的远、近光、其性检测精度约为１．７％,远、近光检测完毕所需时间不超过５ｓ。     

CCD用于高精度线纹分划检测系统的研究

本文介绍一种用线阵ＣＣＤ作为图象传感器实现对条码型水准尺线纹发划精度的检测系统,叙述了以ＣＣＤ、图象数字信号采集与处理接口电路、双频激光干涉仪为核心的高精度动态位移测量的原理与实现的方法。     

孔径测量中CCD瞄准方法与图像处理

探讨了在孔径测量过程中使用CCD摄像机对孔径工作面进行瞄准的方法，介绍了图像的处理方法。     

Simultaneous defocusing of the aperture and medium on a spectroholographic storage system

In a spectroholographic storage system the defocusing method is often used to obtain spectrum uniformity and improve the quality of the recorded information. However, defocusing introduces vignette and stronger interpixel cross talk in the marginal field of view. We report a method that defocuses the aperture and medium together. Based on the pixel spread function, two inequalities are introduced to estimate the upper and lower bounds of the energy received at the CCD. We balance the spectrum uniformity with interpixel cross talk and vignette and then allow the designer to select optimal structure values of the defocusing spectroholographic storage system, i.e., the defocusing value, aperture size, and fill factors for the spatial light modulator and CCD.     

Comparative analysis of techniques for measuring the modulation transfer functions of charge-coupled devices based on the generation of laser speckle

Two methods for measuring the modulation transfer function (MTF) of a charge-coupled device (CCD) that are based on the generation of laser speckle are analyzed and compared. The method based on a single-slit aperture is a quick method, although the measurements are limited to values of less than the Nyquist frequency of the device. The double-slit method permits the measurement of values of as much as some 1.8 times the Nyquist frequency, although it is a slower method because of the necessity to move the CCD. The difference between the MTF values obtained with the two methods is less than 0.1 in magnitude; the root-mean-square error between the two curves is 0.046 (4.6%).     

Apparent violation of the radiant exposure reciprocity law in interline CCDs

We analyze in detail the apparent violation of the reciprocity law that occurs for an interline CCD array owing to its responsivity that varies with exposure time, and we investigate other parameters having an influence on this variation, such as the numerical aperture of the system or the illumination wavelength. The variation can be explained from a qualitative point of view by the charge leakage that occurs from the sense region to the register region during readout time. This change of the responsivity can be avoided either by using a synchronized external shutter or by limiting the numerical aperture while keeping relatively high exposure times. A detailed characterization for each particular CCD model must be carried out if it is to be employed in low-uncertainty radiometric measurements.     

Liquid-crystal Hartmann wave-front scanner

The liquid-crystal wave-front scanner (LCWS) is a highly sensitive wave-front sensor suited to the measurement of aberrations in optical systems and, more generally, of static wave fronts, and it is based on the Hartmann test. In the LCWS an incoming wave front is scanned sequentially by a programmable moving aperture that is implemented by use of a liquid-crystal display. The position of the diffraction spot is recorded behind an observation lens with a CCD detector and provides an estimation of the local slopes in two orthogonal directions at the aperture position. The wave front is then reconstructed from slope data by use of a least-squares method. Experiments are reported for nearly planar wave fronts as well as for strongly aberrated wave fronts, demonstrating both the large dynamic range and the great sensitivity of the LCWS. The LCWS is compared with the Shack-Hartmann wave-front sensor in terms of dynamic range and sensitivity.     

High resolution digital holographic microscopy with a wide field of view based on a synthetic aperture technique and use of linear CCD scanning

Theoretical analysis shows that, to improve the resolution and the range of the field of view of the reconstructed image in digital lensless Fourier transform holography, an effective solution is to increase the area and the pixel number of the recorded digital hologram. A new approach based on the synthetic aperture technique and use of linear CCD scanning is presented to obtain digital holographic images with high resolution and a wide field of view. By using a synthetic aperture technique and linear CCD scanning, we obtained digital lensless Fourier transform holograms with a large area of 3.5 cm x 3.5 cm (5000 x 5000 pixels). The numerical reconstruction of a 4 mm object at a distance of 14 cm by use of a Rayleigh-Sommerfeld integral shows that a theoretically minimum resolvable distance of 2.57 microm can be achieved at a wavelength of 632.8 nm. The experimental results are consistent with the theoretical analysis.     

测量距离对大型圆口径天线方向图影响的研究

本文运用互易原理导出了圆口径分布的天线近区辐射方向图与测量距离的关系。以圆口径指数型分布为例,计算了在不同测量距离下的辐射特性,从而研究了测量距离对天线方向图旁瓣特性的影响,给出了第一旁瓣测量误差与测量距离的关系曲线。最后,用5m环焦天线测量结果验证了理论分析和计算的正确性。     

白天用CCD摄象机对天体目标的探测及实验

文中介绍了用ＣＣＤ摄象机及相应的光学系统对天体目标的探测能力计算及白天用ＣＣＤ摄象机对天体目标的探测实验。给出了计算被测天体目标星等的计算表达式，指出白天在天空背景亮度在１２００ｃｄ／ｍ~２至２７００ｃｄ／ｍ~２时用普通低照度ＣＣＤ摄象机与大口径天文望远镜配合可探测到４至４．６等星     

Uniformity Measurements Using Focal Plane Targets

A test technique for measuring the uniformity of an electrooptical imaging device is presented. The technique consists of using standard targets such as large aperture and four-bar targets located in the focal plane of a collimator. Thus, the need for a separate, large uniform target is eliminated. Experimental results for a vidicon camera and for a CCD camera show that the large aperture target is a better choice than the four-bar target.     

Simultaneous determination of the refractive index and wedge angle of an optical wedge plate using a photorefractive holographic interferometer

Abstract

A simple and effective method for simultaneously determining the refractive index and the wedge angle of an optical wedge plate is described. The method is based on a real-time holographic interferometer which uses a photorefractive crystal as the recording and reconstruction medium. The wedge sample under test is inserted into a rectangular cell that is placed in the object light beam of the holographic interferometer. The interference patterns produced before and after a reference liquid is poured into the cell are received by a CCD camera and stored in a computer, respectively. The refractive index and the wedge angle of the wedge sample are determined by measuring the number of fringes falling inside a fixed aperture. The principle of the method is analysed and some experimental results with adequate accuracy are given.