佳能EOS 20D EOS 10D

佳能新品上市确是如火如荼,真可谓该出手时即出手,去年9月中旬,刚发表不久的EOS10D的换代产品EOS20D已"震憾登场".笔者在9月26日即以1.248万元的价位取回EOS20D机身,在国庆黄金周里与朋友分享了EOS20D的精彩,现与影友交流如下.     

基于工程三视图三维实体重构技术的研究

提出了一种利用ObjectARX技术进行三维重构的方法。通过对工程三视图中各种二维图形特征的分类和提取,进行二维视图特征的匹配,以投影模式库为基础求得与之对应的三维基本体素。然后按一定规则将这些基本体素通过各种布尔运算及坐标变换最终形成三维实体,最后在AutoCAD上开发了一个重建系统。在算法的具体实现过程中采用了新颖的二维特征识别方法及匹配方法,比较成功的完成了一定范围内的三维实体的重建。     

2D and 3D imaging of fatigue failure mechanisms of 3D woven composites

A detailed investigation of the failure mechanisms for angle-interlocked (AI) and modified layer-to-layer (MLL) three dimensional (3D) woven composites under tension–tension (T–T) fatigue loading has been conducted using surface optical microscopy, cross-sectional SEM imaging, and non-destructive X-ray computed tomography (CT). X-ray microCT has revealed how cracks including surface matrix cracks, transverse matrix cracks, fibre/matrix interfacial debonding or delamination develop, and has delineated the complex 3D morphology of these cracks in relation to fibre architecture. For both weaves examined, transverse cracks soon become uniformly distributed in the weft yarns. A higher crack density was found in the AI composite than the MLL composite. Transverse cracking initiates in the fibre rich regions of weft yarns rather than the resin rich regions. Delaminations in the failed MLL specimen were more extensive than the AI specimen. It is suggested that for the MLL composite that debonding between the binder yarns and surrounding material is the predominant damage mechanism.     

Covalent 2D and 3D networks from 1D nanostructures: designing new materials

We show extensive theoretical studies related to the generation and characterization of 2D and 3D ordered networks using 1D units that are connected covalently. We experimentally created multi-terminal junctions containing 1D carbon blocks in order to study the most common morphologies and branched structures that could be used in the theoretical design of network models. We found that the mechanical and electronic characteristics of ordered networks based on carbon nanotubes (ON-CNTs) are dominated by their specific super-architecture (hexagonal, cubic, square, and diamond-type). We show that charges follow specific paths through the nodes of the multi-terminal systems, which could result in complex integrated nanoelectronic circuits. The 3D architectures reveal their ability to support extremely high unidirectional stress when their mechanical properties are studied. In addition, these networks are shown to perform better than standard carbon aerogels because of their low mass densities, continuous porosities, and high surface areas.     

Designing with Light: Advanced 2D, 3D,and 4D Materials

Recent achievements and future opportunities for the design of 2D, 3D, and 4D materials using photochemical reactions are summarized. Light is an attractive stimulus for material design due to its outstanding spatiotemporal control, and its ability to mediate rapid polymerization under moderate reaction temperatures. These features have been significantly enhanced by major advances in light generation/manipulation with light-emitting diodes and optical fiber technologies which now allows for a broad range of cost-effective fabrication protocols. This combination is driving the preparation of sophisticated 2D, 3D, and 4D materials at the nano-, micro-, and macrosize scales. Looking ahead, future challenges and opportunities that will significantly impact the field and help shape the future of light as a versatile and tunable design tool are highlighted.     

3D velocity from 3D Doppler radial velocity

We present local least squares and regularization frameworks for computing 3D velocity (3D optical flow) from 3D radial velocity measured by a Doppler radar. We demonstrate the performance of our algorithms quantitatively on synthetic radial velocity data and qualitatively on real radial velocity data, obtained from the Doppler radar at Kurnell Radar station, Botany Bay, New South Wales, Australia. Radial velocity can be used to predict the future positions of storms in sequences of Doppler radar datasets.© 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 15, 189–198, 2005     

迪福帝公司D4D技术简介

D4D^TM理论技术性简介 D4D^TM保真非逻辑隐形仿伪系统及制作方法已获得多项中国发明专利和PCT国际专利。     

面向3D打印机的彩色三维模型成型技术

针对3D打印技术打印速度慢、打印精度低、不能多色打印等缺陷,研究3D打印机的STL文件载入和读取、基于OpenGL的模型显示、彩色图片像素采集以及基于RGB颜色空间的数据处理算法等技术,以便将数据转化成相应的G代码发送给下位机.     

Development of Bioimplants with 2D, 3D,and 4D Additive Manufacturing Materials

Over the past 30 years, additive manufacturing (AM) has developed rapidly and has demonstrated great potential in biomedical applications. AM is a materials-oriented manufacturing technology, since the solidification mechanism, architecture resolution, post-treatment process, and functional application are based on the materials to be printed. However, 3D printable materials are still quite limited for the fabrication of bioimplants. In this work, 2D/3D AM materials for bioimplants are reviewed. Furthermore, inspired by Tai Chi, a simple yet novel soft/rigid hybrid 4D AM concept is advanced to develop complex and dynamic biological structures in the human body based on 4D printing hybrid ceramic precursor/ceramic materials that were previously developed by our group. With the development of multi-material printing technology, the development of bioimplants and soft/rigid hybrid biological structures with 2D/3D/4D AM materials can be anticipated.     

Spin diffusion in 2D and 3D quantum solids

A moment method is used to compute the anisotropic spin diffusion constant in two-dimensional (2D) adsorbed and bulk (3D) quantum solids in which the spin motion is induced by an exchange Hamiltonian. Computations are carried out in 2D for the square and triangular lattices and in 3D for the hcp lattice. It is assumed that there are pair and three-particle exchange processes only. Since, in hcp³He, exchange processes out of the basal planeJ may occur at a different rate from processes in the planeJ, comparison with experimental results on single crystals should allow the determination ofJ andJ. Our results are given as functions of the ratioy=J/J and of the angle betweenc axis and field gradient. The 2D triangular lattice is shown to correspond to the special casey=0 of the hcp lattice. Our square-lattice result compares well with that of Morita (who used a different technique), supporting the validity of our method.     

Real-time pedestrian classification exploiting 2D and 3D information

A new approach for standing and walking pedestrian detection using pattern matching and exploiting both 2D image information and 3D dense stereo information is proposed. Because 3D information accuracy does not allow the direct classification of the 3D shape, a combined 3D-2D method is proposed. The 3D data are used in an innovative way for pedestrian hypotheses generation, scale and depth estimation and 2D models selection. Also the 3D hypotheses allow the corresponding 2D image region of interest selection and the 2D hypothesis generation. The 2D hypothesis consists of the object-s external edges obtained by an edge extraction and a depth coherency-based filtering out process. The scaled models are matched against the selected hypothesis using an elastic high-speed matching based on the Chamfer distance. The method has been tested on synthetic and real-world scenarios.     

奥贝球铁的冲击断口分析

利用扫描电镜对经不同等淬工艺处理的奥贝球铁的冲击断口形貌进行了观察与分析,揭示了冲击断口形貌与冲击韧性、金相组织的内在联系,探讨了不同等淬工艺下奥贝球铁的断裂机理     

基于对氯苄胺的2D/3D钙钛矿太阳能电池

三维(3D)有机–无机金属卤化物钙钛矿薄膜的表面和晶界处存在大量缺陷,容易导致载流子的非辐射复合并加快3D钙钛矿分解,进而影响钙钛矿太阳能电池(PSCs)能量转换效率(PCE)及稳定性.本研究通过引入对氯苄胺阳离子,与3D钙钛矿薄膜及其表面过剩的碘化铅反应后原位形成了二维(2D)钙钛矿,实现了对3D钙钛矿薄膜表面和晶界...     

Elevation performance of 1.25D and 1.5D transducer arrays

Present 1D phased array probes have outstanding lateral and axial resolution, but their elevation performance is determined by a fixed aperture focused at a fixed range. Multi-row array transducers can provide significantly improved elevation performance in return for “modest” increases in probe and system complexity. Time domain simulations of elevation beam profiles are used to compare several types of multi-row probes. The elevation aperture of a 1.25D probe increases with range, but the elevation focusing of that aperture is static and determined principally by a mechanical lens with a fixed focus (or foci). 1.25D probes can provide substantially better near- and far-field slice thickness performance than 1D probes and require no additional system beamformer channels. 1.5D, probes use additional beamformer channels to provide dynamic focusing and apodization in elevation. 1.5D probes can provide detail resolution comparable to, and contrast resolution substantially better than, 1.25D probes, particularly in the mid- and far-field. Further increases in system channel count allow the use of 1.75D and 2D arrays for adaptive acoustics and two-dimensional beam steering. Significant improvements in clinical image quality can be expected as multi-row probes become increasingly available in the marketplace     

Grain growth modelling: 3D and 2D correlation

One of the significant challenges in the modelling of grain growth is the link between 3D models and their 2D simplifications.

In the present study a 3D model of grain growth has been investigated which takes into account change in volume of individual grains randomly sampled from a population of a given initial size distribution. For different kinetics of growth, changes in the size of grain sections are studied. The fictitious effect of the generation of new grains in a 2D approximation of 3D growth (due to the growing grains hitting the observation plane) has been studied in detail. The influence of different types of initial grain size distributions on the grain growth has been investigated.     

基于Inventor的三维CAD软件的二维表达问题

基于Inventor讨论了三维CAD软件在创建二维工程图时所出现的各种问题,并给出了相应的解决办法。论述了二维表达的重要性,并指出,三维软件在创建二维工程图时还存在不少的缺陷。因此,由三维模型转换为符合国家标准的二维工程图不是轻而易举的事情,会遇到许多问题,需要具备扎实的二维图形的表达能力。     

Interface Engineering in 2D/2D Heterogeneous Photocatalysts

Assembling different 2D nanomaterials into heterostructures with strong interfacial interactions presents a promising approach for novel artificial photocatalytic materials. Chemically implementing the 2D nanomaterials’ construction/stacking modes to regulate different interfaces can extend their functionalities and achieve good performance. Herein, based on different fundamental principles and photochemical processes, multiple construction modes (e.g., face-to-face, edge-to-face, interface-to-face, edge-to-edge) are overviewed systematically with emphasis on the relationships between their interfacial characteristics (e.g., point, linear, planar), synthetic strategies (e.g., in situ growth, ex situ assembly), and enhanced applications to achieve precise regulation. Meanwhile, recent efforts for enhancing photocatalytic performances of 2D/2D heterostructures are summarized from the critical factors of enhancing visible light absorption, accelerating charge transfer/separation, and introducing novel active sites. Notably, the crucial roles of surface defects, cocatalysts, and surface modification for photocatalytic performance optimization of 2D/2D heterostructures are also discussed based on the synergistic effect of optimization engineering and heterogeneous interfaces. Finally, perspectives and challenges are proposed to emphasize future opportunities for expanding 2D/2D heterostructures for photocatalysis.     

Analysis on D2D Heterogeneous Networks with State-Dependent PriorityTraffic

In this work, we consider the performance analysis of state dependent priority traffic and scheduling in device to device (D2D) heterogeneous networks. There are two priority transmission types of data in wireless communication, such as video or telephone, which always meet the requirements of high priority (HP) data transmission first. If there is a large amount of low priority (LP) data, there will be a large amount of LP data that cannot be sent. This situation will cause excessive delay of LP data and packet dropping probability. In order to solve this problem, the data transmission process of high priority queue and low priority queue is studied. Considering the priority jump strategy to the priority queuing model, the queuing process with two priority data is modeled as a two-dimensional Markov chain. A state dependent priority jump queuing strategy is proposed, which can improve the discarding performance of low priority data. The quasi birth and death process method (QBD) and fixed point iteration method are used to solve the causality, and the steady-state probability distribution is further obtained.Then, performance parameters such as average queue length, average throughput, average delay and packet dropping probability for both high and low priority data can be expressed. The simulation results verify the correctness of the theoretical derivation. Meanwhile, the proposed priority jump queuing strategy can significantly improve the drop performance of low-priority data.