增强增韧尼龙66工程塑料结晶行为的研究

采用ＤＳＣ技术,对增强增韧尼龙６６进行了结晶行为的研究。实验结果表明,在合金化改性ＰＡ６６结晶过程中,所填充的玻纤增强剂成核剂作用,而共混低密度聚乙烯、聚丙烯及其马来酸酐接枝物等增韧剂,使成核作用下降,总的成核作用顺序是：ＰＡ／ＧＦ〉ＰＡ／ＧＦ／ＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ〉ＰＡ／ＧＦ／ＰＰ〉ＰＡ／ＧＦ／ＰＰｇ－ＭＡＨ。     

力化学方法制备PP—g—HMA增容PA6／PP／硅灰石复合材料的形？…

以力化学方法制备的Ｎ－羟甲基丙烯酰胺接枝聚丙烯（ＰＰ－ｇ－ＨＭＡ）作尼龙６（ＰＡ６）／聚丙烯（ＰＰ）共混体系的增容剂,将增容尼龙６／聚丙烯共混体系与硅灰石复合。研究了复合材料的形态结构、硅灰石用量、偶联剂种类和用量以及增容剂等对复合材料的力学性能的影响。结果表明,ＰＰ－ｇ－ＨＭＡ能提高ＰＡ６／ＰＰ／硅灰石复合材料的力学性能,而ＫＨ－５５０和ＯＮ－３３０两种偶联剂复配使用则可以显著提高ＰＰ－ｇ－ＨＭ     

PP－g－AA的制备和表征

用熔融接枝方法制备了聚丙烯－ｇ－丙烯酸（ＰＰ－ｇ－ＡＡ）。用光电子能谱，广角Ｘ射线衍射，红外光谱和化学滴定方法对接枝物进行了定性和定量表征。讨论了单体和引发剂浓度对接枝率的影响，确定了用红外光谱法测定接枝物含量的经验公式     

制备新型相容剂——聚丙烯固相接枝苯乙烯的研究

用固相接枝共聚方法制备聚丙烯接枝苯乙烯共聚物（ＰＰ－ｇ－ＰＳ），详细考察了聚丙烯与引发剂的品种、反应温度、苯乙烯与引发剂的浓度等地接枝率的影响。结果表明，ＰＰ－ｇ－ＰＳ具有较高的接枝率。共聚ＰＰＪ３４０与ＰＰ粉接枝率均较均聚ＰＰＦ４０１为高；将３种引发剂（ＢＰＯ、ＴＢＰ、ＤＣＰ）进行比较在相同的下，以ＴＢＰ作为引发剂的接枝率最高；接枝率随ＳＴ／ＰＰ质量比增大与反庆温度的提高而提高。将ＰＰ－ｇ－ＰＳ     

聚丙烯成核剂的成核活性研究

用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)详细研究了成核剂用量对共聚聚丙烯的结晶峰温度、结晶峰形、结晶起始温度和结晶度的影响。结果表明．随着成核剂用量增加,结晶起始温度和结晶峰温度分别提高了17℃～22℃和15℃～19℃,表现出一种高效成核剂的特性;但是随着成核剂用量增加结晶峰变宽,以及在成核剂用量为0．2％时,结晶度出现极值,这与成核剂作用于等规聚丙烯的一般结晶规律有所不同。     

氯化聚丙烯接枝聚合物的合成与表征（Ⅰ）

本文采用“架桥剂”法，以巯基乙酸（ＴＧＡ）为“架桥剂”，在氯化聚丙烯（ＣＰＰ）主链上接上了支链长度比较均匀的接枝高聚物（ＣＰＰ－ｇ－ＴＧＡ）－ＰＭＭＡ；并用ＩＲ、扫描电镜进行了表征，同时对接枝率的影响因素进行了研究。     

PP粉表面固相接枝及其表征

以过氧化苯甲酰（ＢＰＯ）、过氧化二异丙苯（ＤＣＰ）为引发剂,用固相接枝法在聚丙烯（ＰＰ）粉表面接枝马来酸酐（ＭＡＨ）。研究了引发剂浓度、单体浓度、反应温度及时间等因素对接枝率的影响,并采用Ｘ射线光电子能谱（ＸＰＳ）与广角Ｘ射线衍射（ＷＡＸＤ）对ＭＡＨ－ｇ－ＰＰ的接枝效果和晶态结构进行了表征。     

尼龙—6／PP—g—MAH共混体系的结构及流变行为

本文通过Ｍｏｌａｕ实验，二甲苯萃取抽出物的ＩＲ分析，ＤＳＣ，ＳＥＭ测定了尼龙－６／ＰＰ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ的结构，发现尼龙－６与ＰＰ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ的酸酐或羧酸发生了化学反应，生成的接枝共聚物起到了共混体系增容剂的作用，改善了共混物的微观结构形态。流变学测定表明，体系假塑性增加，熔体粘度上升，共混物的成型加工性能较之纯尼龙有所改善。     

GMA熔融接枝PP的结晶性能研究

采用广角Ｘ射线（ＷＡＸＤ）、差示扫描量热计（ＤＳＣ）自动化重计等方法，测定了甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯（ＧＭＡ）熔融接枝聚丙烯（ＰＰ）的结晶度，用结晶速度仪测定了接枝物的结晶速度，用偏光显微镜（ＰＬＭ）对结晶试样进行了观察，研究结果表明，接枝聚丙 结晶性能与接枝率有关，各种测试方法所得结晶度数据有很好的关联。     

聚丙烯固相力化学接枝马来酸酐

利用新型的磨盘形力化学反应器在室温上实现了马来酸酐（ＭＡＨ）在聚丙烯（ＰＰ）上的固相力化学接枝。采用ＩＲ、ＤＳＣ及化学滴定等方法对所制备的聚丙烯－马来酸接枝共聚物（ＰＰ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ）进行了分析表征。系统研究了磨盘静压力、转速、温度、碾磨次数、聚丙烯与马来酸配比等因素对接枝率的影响。加入无机填料钛白粉（ＴｉＯ２）共碾磨、可进一步提高ＭＡＨ在ＰＰ上的接枝率。通过磨盘固相力化学反应制备的ＰＰ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.