1,4-双(氯甲基)-2-甲氧基-5-辛氧基苯及聚合物的合成

由对甲氧基苯酚（ＭＯＰｈ）合成出一种可溶性电致发光共轭聚合物聚（２－甲氧基－５－辛氧基）亚苯基亚乙烯（ＰＭＯＯＯＰＶ）大致过程为：由ＭＯＰｈ与１－溴辛烷合成１－甲氧基－４－辛氧基苯（ＭＯＯＯＢ）继而合成了１,４－双（氯甲基）－２－甲氧基－５－辛氧基苯（ＢＣＭＭＯＯＯＢ）碱性聚合得可溶性ＰＭＯＯＯＰＶ。并做了ＢＣＭＭＯＯＯＢ与其它单体的共聚,对中间体及聚合物用＾１ＨＮＭＲ进行了表征。     

碳纤维表面涂碳及涂碳后纤维强度测定

用４－甲氧基苯酚经醚化、氯甲基化、消除反应合成出不熔但可溶的聚（２－甲氧基－５－辛氧基）对亚苯基亚乙烯（ＰＭＯＯＯＰＶ）。用ＰＭＯＯＯＰＶ的ＣＨＣｌ３溶液浸涂碳纤维（ＣＦ）,然后在７７３Ｋ碳化,得到亮黑色且分散性很好的涂碳ＣＦ。单纤维平均拉伸强度（σ）测定结果表明,与未涂碳的ＣＦ（σ＝２９７７．８ＭＰａ）相比较,用０．１％ＰＭＯＯＯＰＶ浸涂的ＣＦσ＝３９０８．２ＭＰａ,用０．２％ＰＭＯＯＯＰＶ浸涂的ＣＦσ＝５０３１．２ＭＰａ,并浸涂后强度离散系数、平均矢径等有规律地变小。     

烷氧基取代聚对苯乙炔单层电致发光器件

以对甲氧基苯酚为起始原料,用脱氯化氢法得到可溶性的聚（２－甲氧基－５－壬氧基）对苯乙炔（ＰＭＯＮＯＰＶ）,以ＰＭＯＮＯＰＶ为发光层装配了相对稳定的单层电致发光器件,其起亮电压为５伏。研究了ＰＭＯＮＯＰＶ的电致发光（ＥＬ）和光致发光（ＰＬ）性质。     

可溶性聚对苯乙炔共聚物的合成及性质

采用脱氯化氢法,从１,４－双氯甲基－２,５－二甲基苯（ＢＣＭＤＭＢ）和１,４－双氯甲基－２－甲氧基－５－己氧基苯（ＢＭＭＯＨＯＢ）分别合成出了聚（２,５－二甲基）对苯乙炔和聚（２,５－乙氧基）对苯乙炔;并对ＢＣＭＤＭＢ和ＢＣＭＭＯＨＯＢ的共聚进行了研究。结果表明,随着单体摩尔比率Ｒ（Ｒ＝ＢＣＭＤＭＢ／ＢＭＣＭＯＨＯＢ）的减小,共聚物的溶解性能增大,当Ｒ＝２／９时,共聚物在室温下可溶于氯仿中,成膜性     

稀土络合催化二氧化碳和环氧化物的共聚反应

以稀土络合体系ＲＥ（２０４）３－Ａｌ「Ｃｈ３ＣＨ（ＣＨ３）２」３（ＲＥ＝Ｙ,Ｎｄ,Ｐｒ,ＳＡｍ,Ｄｙ,Ｅｕ）;Ｐ２０４＝（ＲＯ）２ＰＯＯ－,Ｒ＝ＣＨ３（ＣＨ２）３ＣＨ（Ｃ２Ｈ５）ＣＨ２－催化二氧化碳（ＣＯ２）与环氧氯丙烷（ＥＣＨ）无规共聚、合成高分子量的新型聚碳酸酯。同时利用此催化体系对ＣＯ２、ＥＣＨ、环氧树脂（ＥＰ（６１８））进行三元共聚,采用元素分析、红外光谱、广角Ｘ射线衍射及热重分析（ＴＧ）     

蓝色发光材料—聚（2,5—二庚氧基对苯撑）的合成和性质

以ＦｅＣｌ３为催化剂,通过氧化偶联反应合成了在一般有机溶剂中完全可溶的聚（２,５－二庚氧基对苯撑）（ＨＯ－ＰＰＰ）,其平均聚合度Ｐｎ＝１０。使用＾１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ、ＩＲ手段对其结构进行了表征。ＨＯ－ＰＰＰ在ＵＶ－Ｖ１ｓ谱图上的最大吸收峰位于２４２ｎｍ（Ｅ１吸收带）和３３５ｎｍ（Ｅ２吸收带）。Ｅ２吸收带相对于未取代的聚对苯撑（ＰＰＰ）产生的了较强的红移（约３５ｎｍ）,根据吸收边计算其π→π＾＊跃迁的禁带     

1—氧代—4—羟甲基—2,6,7—三氧基—1—磷杂双环[2,2,2]辛烷溴代衍生物的合成及

由季戊四醇和ＰＯＣＬ３的磷酰化反应合成１－氧代－４－羟甲基－２,６,７－三氧基－１－磷杂双环「２,２,２」辛烷（ＰＥＰＡ）,以ＰＥＰＡ和／或２,４,６－三溴苯酚与ＰＯＣｌ３反应合成了（２,４,６－三溴苯基）双（１－氧代－４－甲撑－２,６,７－三氧基－１－磷杂双环「２,２,２」辛烷基）双（２,４,６－三溴苯基）磷酸酯（ＰＤＴＰ）和三（２,４,６－三溴苯基）磷酸酯（ＴＴＢＰ）。应用研究表明,含有季戊四醇笼状磷酸酯基团的ＴＤＰＰ和ＰＤＴＰ具有比诸如ＴＴＢＰ的溴代磷酸酯更好的阻燃效果。     

主链柔顺性对侧链液晶聚合物液晶性能的影响

由对羟基苯甲酸与对羟基甲醚反应得到了４－甲氧基－４’－羟基苯甲酸苯酯（ＭＰＨＢ）,ＭＰＢＨ再分别与环氧氯丙烷和甲基丙烯酰氯反应生成４－甲氧基－４’－（２,３－环氧丙基氧）苯甲酸苯酯（ＭＰＥＢ）和４－甲氧基－４’－甲基丙烯酰氧苯甲酸苯酯（ＭＰＭＡＢ）。用阳离子和自由基聚合法聚合得到了具有相同液晶元而主链结构和间隔基不同的聚合物ＰＭＰＥＢ和ＰＭＰＭＡＢ。用ＤＳＣ、热台偏光显微镜和Ｘ射线衍射仪对合成的聚     

MSnO_3和MSn_（0．5）Zr_（0．5）O_3（M＝Sr，Ba）的水热合

本文利用水热合成方法对ＭＳｎＯ３和ＭＳｎ（０．５）Ｚｒ（０．５）Ｏ３（Ｍ＝Ｓｒ，Ｂａ）的合成进行了研究，并采用ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ和ＩＣＰ等方法对产物进行了表征，结果表明：在Ｍ（ＯＨ）２－ＳｎＯ２（或ＳｎＯ２＋ＺｒＯ２）－ＫＯＨ体系中，当ＫＯＨ／Ｓｎ和ＫＯＨ／（Ｓｎ＋Ｚｒ）≥３０时，２６０℃下晶化５～７天，可获得ＭＳｎＯ３和ＭＳｎ（０．５）Ｚｒ（０．５）Ｏ３纯相，在Ｍ（ＯＨ）２－（ＳｎＯ２＋ＺｒＯ２）－ＫＯＨ－Ｈ２Ｏ体系中，可通过控制介质碱度来获得ＭＳｎＯ３＋ＭＺｒＯ３混合物和ＭＳｎ（０．５）Ｚｒ（０．５）Ｏ３，并根据合成规律初步探讨了反应过程．     

Ti(OC4H9)4-MAPS体系溶胶-凝胶转变研究

研究了Ｔｉ（ＯＣ４Ｈ９）４－ＭＡＰＳ体系中Ｔｉ（ＯＣ４Ｈ９）４、ＭＡＰＳ、Ｃ２Ｈ５ＯＨ、Ｈ２Ｏ４个原料组分对聚钛硅氧烷产转变规律的影响。结果表明,增大水和Ｔｉ（ＯＣ４Ｈ９）４的用量或降低ＭＡＰＳ和Ｃ２Ｈ５ＯＨ的用量,菜成凝胶;反之,则易形成溶胶。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.