汽车端盖零件的冲压模具设计

首先对端盖零件进行工艺分析,确定该零件成形工艺和模具设计的要点,并提出了最佳成形工艺方案。重点描述了落料拉深冲孔复合模的设计过程,并解决凸凹模的设计,定位精度和冲裁孔拉深变形等问题,为薄壁零件浅拉深成形的模具设计提供参考。     

底支撑拉深工艺及模具设计

通过对底支撑加工工艺进行分析,介绍了底支撑拉深模具结构及工作过程,给出了该零件的工艺计算方法,提出了拉深凹模和凸模的设计方法,并对生产中出现的问题,提出了改进措施,保证了底支撑拉深成形的顺利进行。     

某天线振子的拉深成形工艺研究与应用

从实际的生产条件出发,依据拉深成形理论对天线振子的结构和工艺进行分析,提出了采用拉深成形替代车削加工成形的工艺方案,并且计算了拉深工艺参数,设计了拉深模具。通过试验和批量生产验证,采用新工艺加工的振子满足零件图纸的技术要求,符合装备调试的各项技术参数,缩短了加工周期,降低了生产成本。     

复杂钣金零件充液拉深工艺分析与试验研究

目的研究复杂钣金零件充液拉深的成形性能,以代替传统的落压成形工艺。方法采用有限元方法对成形过程进行模拟,分析各工艺参数对零件成形质量的影响,以及起皱、破裂等缺陷出现的原因和避免方法,并获得合理的工艺参数范围。以仿真结果为依据,设置工艺试验的初始参数,对该复杂钣金零件进行充液成形试验,以验证工艺可行性。结果有限元仿真对成形过程中的起皱和破裂缺陷预测准确,并给出了可行的工艺参数范围;通过成形试验,验证了工艺参数的合理性,获得了合格零件。结论充液拉深工艺可以明显改进零件的成形性能,反胀压力、最大液室压力等是充液拉深工艺的重要参数,直接影响着充液拉深过程的成败。     

宽凸缘深拉深成形工艺探讨

根据某零件宽凸缘深拉深成形工艺中存在的缺陷,对拉深过程中影响零件壁厚差的主要因素进行了分析,找出了缩小相对变形的依据。介绍了凸模浮动拉深成形工艺,综述了浮动凸模的设计要点、模具结构、工作原理及实际应用效果。     

锥形件拉深智能化控制中压边力的控制规律

法兰起皱、侧壁起皱和侧壁破裂是拉深成形的主要障碍,而合理控制压边力是防止起皱破裂的关键所在.在总结前期研究成果的基础上,结合拉深成形过程的特点,在成形三极限图中给出了圆锥形零件拉深成形的成功区域,并提出了获得最佳压边力控制规律的方法.这为圆锥形零件拉深成形中的模具设计、工艺参数的制定提供了依据,也为拉深智能化控制提供了保证.     

高精度高强不锈钢隔片零件拉深成形研究

通过对15-5PH高强不锈钢高精度隔片零件结构及尺寸公差的工艺分析,明确了零件成形难点.利用有限元拉深成形的结果,确定了刚模拉深成形的方法.基于有限元回弹模拟的结果及试验,对拉深成形模具的理论型面进行了修正,解决了零件的高度及弧面轮廓尺寸精度问题,确定了拉深成形的合理压边力大小.     

壳体冲压工艺及模具设计

通过对壳体冲压工艺进行分析,介绍了毛坯直径和拉深次数的计算方法,通过多次拉深、锥部拉深和变薄拉深,成形出表面质量理想的壳体零件。     

盖帽成形工艺及模具设计

通过对盖帽零件的拉深工艺进行分析,介绍了模具结构和工作过程,提出模具主要工作部分零件的设计要点,对生产中出现的问题进行了分析,并给出了解决措施。     

汽车后座椅横梁冲压成形过程的数值模拟

采用数值模拟方法,对某型高强钢汽车后座椅横梁的成形过程进行研究,讨论压边力和拉深筋的变化对该零件成形性能的影响。模拟结果表明,采用合适的压边力和较低的拉深筋阻力系数,可有效提高高强钢的成形性能,获得合格的零件。针对模拟结果中零件出现的缺陷,提出了初步的工艺改进方案。     

Influence of tool geometry variations on the limiting drawing ratio in micro deep drawing

In this study, the impact of different tool geometries on the limiting drawing ratio (LDR) in micro deep drawing was investigated. Experimental micro deep drawing tests to determine the limiting drawing ratios were carried out for a variation of the punch diameter, the die radius and the die clearance. In order to assess the impact of the material properties on the process limits the foil materials Al99.5 and E-Cu58, both with a thickness of 20 μm, and the stainless austenitic nickel-chromium steel 1.4301 (X5CrNi18-10) with a thickness of 25 μm were investigated. The results reveal an increase of the limiting drawing ratio with increasing die radius size for the foil materials E-Cu58 and austenitic steel. For a decrease of the die clearance to values smaller than 1.25 times the foil thickness an increase of the limiting drawing ratio was determined for all three materials.     

高强度汽车钢板冲压成形的主要问题及模具对策

目的研究汽车行业高强度钢板冲压成形时,开裂等缺陷的解决方法。方法通过分析高强度钢板在冲压成形过程中存在的主要问题的根源,应用板料成形CAE分析软件Dynaform对其成形工艺进行了分析与优化。结果确定了优化后的工艺参数和模具结构,结合模具调试实际,提出了高强度钢板冲压成形问题的模具设计和调试解决对策。结论通过CAE分析优化设计,以及模具调试的钳工精细化和TD处理,可以改善开裂、回弹等高强度钢板普遍存在的冲压成形缺陷。     

Investigation of SUS304 Stainless Steel with Warm Hydro-mechanical Deep Drawing

Basing on warm mechanical property of SUS304 stainless steel and hydro-mechanical deep drawing process, warm hydro-mechanical deep drawing process is proposed and discussed with experiments in this paper. The experiments are performed at four different temperatures. The results show that the formability of stainless steel is improved under the condition of warm temperature. Warm hydro-mechanical deep drawing raises limiting drawing ratio of SUS304 effectively, and limiting drawing ratio 3.3 is obtained, which is beyond 2.0 with conventional deep drawing. The temperature of 90℃ is beneficial to the forming of SUS304 stainless steel, the strain-induced martensite is controlled effectively, and the thickness distribution is more uniform.     

6061铝合金飞机溢油口拉深成形研究

目的 掌握深腔薄壁溢油口拉深成形工艺,解决拉深成形过程中起皱和破裂问题,研究各参数对拉深成形的影响规律,最终成形出合格产品。方法 以6061铝合金飞机溢油口为主要研究对象,采用Dynaform有限元数值模拟软件建立有限元模型,分析成对拉深成形对材料流动的影响并与单一拉深成形进行对比,通过改变毛坯外形尺寸、凹凸模间隙和压边力等参数进行拉深成形模拟试验研究,最终通过拉深成形试验验证成形方法及各参数设置的合理性。结果 成对拉深成形能限制单一拉深成形圆弧开口位置材料收缩,改善开口处起皱和变形缺料的现象。随着凹凸模间隙的增大,最大减薄率逐渐降低而后升高,最佳成形凹凸模间隙为1.05t;随着压边力的增大,最大减薄率逐渐升高,最大增厚率逐渐降低,最佳成形压边力为50 kN;凹模圆角半径小于7 mm 时,板料最大减薄率逐渐减小,半径为4 mm时,最大减薄率下降最快,半径在7~8 mm范围内,板料最大减薄率趋于平稳,最佳成形凹模圆角半径为7 mm。结论 模拟得到了毛坯外形尺寸、凹凸模间隙和压边力等参数对拉深成形的影响规律,最终制造出了满足设计要求的产品,验证了各参数设置的合理性。     

An experimental investigation of forming load and side-wall thickness obtained by a new deep drawing die

Deep drawing is an important process used for producing cups from sheet metal in large quantities. The deep drawing process is affected by many variables such as blank shape, punch and die radii, material’s formability characteristics, and many more. In order to obtain optimal process parameters with regard to part geometry, the blank and die geometry are particularly important factors. In this study, we investigated the effects of blank holder and die shapes, using six different blank holder and die shapes. We measured the distribution of blank holder force (BHF), the forming load at different drawing depths as well as thickness reduction of cup wall thickness for each set of die and punch geometries. The experimental study shows that the angle of blank and die surface influence the forming load and blank holder force distribution. Deep drawing dies with matrix and blank holder angle designed in this study provided deep drawing ratios that are about 25 % larger than those that usually can be obtained by a conventional die.     

5A06铝合金中厚板反拉深变形行为

中厚板变形过程中的弯曲和反弯曲效应影响其拉深变形能力。本工作以航空航天常用的5A06铝合金筒形件为研究对象,采用厚度为4.5mm的中厚板进行反拉深数值模拟和实验研究,分析了变形过程中应力、应变分布特点,讨论了3种凹模截面结构形式下的变形方式,以及应变路径随着凹模圆角变化规律。结果表明:凹模内圆角与直壁区过渡区在壁厚方向上存在应力和应变梯度,并在该处外侧产生最大径向拉应力,导致了拉深破裂的发生。采用半圆形凹模截面结构时,极限拉深深度达到203mm,相对于平面凹模结构增加了40%。半圆形凹模结构能减小弯曲效应,有效降低过渡区的应力梯度和最大应力数值,有利于提高5A06铝合金中厚板拉深变形能力。     

Deep drawing behavior of twinning-induced plasticity-cored three-layer steel sheet

Herein, we report the results of our experimental and computational investigation of the deep drawing behavior of twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP)-cored three-layer steel sheet. Various directional tensile tests for monolayer sheets of the TWIP and low-carbon (LC) steels were performed for evaluation of flow curves and anisotropic coefficients, which are used as input data of the finite element analyses for deep drawing of the monolayer and three-layer sheets. The experimental deep drawing behaviors of the layered sheets of three thickness ratios, and of the monolayer sheets, are computationally analyzed in terms of earring and variations of local thickness along the positions in the drawn cups. It was found that the three-layer sheets are more planar-isotropic in the sense of earring than the monolayer sheets, even more than the TWIP steel sheet. The thickness uniformity along the initial radial direction in the layered sheets is in between the heterogeneous TWIP steel and the relatively homogeneous LC steel. The present results shed light on the future direction of development of steel sheets with planar-isotropic and homogeneous deep-drawing characteristics.     

On the use of varying die angle for improving the resistance to hydrogen embrittlement of cold drawn prestressing steel wires

Residual stresses produced by cold drawing are an undesirable effect of the non-uniform plastic strain distribution generated during the conforming process used for obtaining prestressing steel wires. Among the diverse parameters of the process influencing the residual stress generation, one of the most relevant is the geometry of the drawing die and, in particular, the inlet die angle. Wires drawn with die angles as low as possible will exhibit a lower and more homogeneous plastic strain state and, therefore, a smaller and more uniform residual stress state. Thus the hydrogen embrittlement (HE) susceptibility of such wires is also lower, thereby enlarging the life in service of these components. In this paper an innovative design of the drawing die is proposed using two consecutive angles (i.e., varying die angle) for reducing the residual stress and strain state in the cold drawn wires and, consequently, for improving the resistance to HE of prestressing steel wires.     

高精度17-4PH不锈钢隔碗拉深液压胀形复合成形工艺参数优化

目的 针对17-4PH不锈钢冷成形回弹大、贴模性差等问题,研究17-4PH不锈钢隔碗零件的拉深成形和液压胀形规律,确定隔碗零件拉深液压胀形复合成形的最佳工艺及参数.方法 利用有限元方法确定并优化了拉深预成形和液压胀形中的工艺参数.基于优化后的结果设计并制造了相关的模具,最终通过试验验证了有限元方法的有效性.结果 结合数值模拟和试验的方法,提出了零件先拉深预成形、后液压胀形的多步成形方案,逐步优化了成形工艺参数,最终成形出了满足尺寸和精度要求的高精度隔碗零件.结论 通过数值模拟获得了最佳的坯料直径及多步成形中的关键工艺参数,基于数值模拟优化为主和试验验证为辅的设计制造理念,解决了17-4PH不锈钢冷成形回弹大和贴模性差的问题.