超微粉制备技术的现状与展望

超微粉具有多种优良的特性，是重要的高科技结构和功能材料，在许多领域里日益显示出广阔的应用前景。本文对国内外各种超微粉制备技术进行了科学的分类，并介绍了各种方法的原理和优缺点，同时展望了今后超微粉制备技术的发展方向。     

燃烧法制备氧化物纳米材料的研究进展

燃烧法是制备氧化物纳米材料的一种新方法，其中，气相燃烧法、燃烧火焰—化学气相凝聚法已经实现了工业化生产；而一些新的工艺方法，如低温燃烧合成法、喷雾燃烧法、电控火焰合成法在刺备纳米材料上也各有优缺点；燃烧法与其他技术的结合也在研究开发阶段。详细阐述了燃烧法的最新研究进展。     

超微粉制备技术的现状与展望

对国内外多种超微粉制备技术进行了科学的分类，并介绍了各种方法的原理和优缺点，同时展望了今扣超微粉制备技术的发展方向。     

超微粉制备技术及其进展

论述了近年来微粉的各种制备方法及其进展，包括固相法，液相法和气相法的原理，种类和特点，并指出了超微粉备技术和发展方向。     

微波合成无机纳米材料的研究进展

微波加热作为一种合成纳米材料的新方法，近年来得到飞速发展。介绍了微波加热原理，阐述了微波合成无机纳米材料的一些研究进展，主要是液相微波加热在制备金属氧化物和金属硫化物纳米材料以及微波烧结在合成陶瓷材料的应用，并对该领域未来作了一些展望。     

有机标准气体的研制

有机标准气体在石油化工、环境保护、科学研究及计量标准传递等方面有着广泛的用途．我们根据需要研制了五类十一种有机标准气体．研究中，我们采用国际上公认的标准方法─—重量法配制，用气相色谱法对原料气进行了纯度分析；并对配制的有机标准气体进行了性能研究。其定值不确定度优于１．５％。     

CdS纳米颗粒的合成方法研究及比较

CdS纳米颗粒在太阳能转化、非线性光学、光电子化学电池和光催化等方面具有广泛的应用,因此其合成方法的研究近年来受到人们的青睐.按照反应物的状态,将纳米硫化镉的制备方法分为固相法、液相法和气相法.本文详细介绍了各种制备方法,分析比较了它们的优点和缺点.     

气相法制备纳米铁颗粒新进展

纳米铁颗粒在磁性、催化和吸波等方面都展现了优异的特性，具有广阔的应用前景。在过去的几十年里，国内外许多学者开展了对纳米铁颗粒制备、结构和性能的研究。着重阐述了纳米铁颗粒的气相法制备方法，并指出了这一领域今后的研究方向。     

CNT Cytotoxicity: Carbon Nanotubes in the Biological Interphase: The Relevance of Noncovalence (Adv. Mater. 36/2010)

With the increasing interest in the biological applications of carbon nanotubes, their interactions in the biological interphase and their general cytotoxicity have become major issues. In spite of their salient properties, major hurdles still exist for their use in biological applications, due to their main characteristics, including their hydrophobic surfaces and tendency to aggregate, as well as their unknown interactions in the cellular interphase. In this Research News, these characteristics of carbon nanotubes, a model nanomaterial, are investigated. Thus, the cytotoxicity of carbon nanotubes, the influence of functionalization, as well as their interactions with different mammalian cell lines are studied. Moreover, suggestions for the improvement of their biocompatibility and the design of biocompatible carbon nanotube‐based systems are provided.     

Carbon Nanotubes in the Biological Interphase: The Relevance of Noncovalence

With the increasing interest in the biological applications of carbon nanotubes, their interactions in the biological interphase and their general cytotoxicity have become major issues. In spite of their salient properties, major hurdles still exist for their use in biological applications, due to their main characteristics, including their hydrophobic surfaces and tendency to aggregate, as well as their unknown interactions in the cellular interphase. In this Research News, these characteristics of carbon nanotubes, a model nanomaterial, are investigated. Thus, the cytotoxicity of carbon nanotubes, the influence of functionalization, as well as their interactions with different mammalian cell lines are studied. Moreover, suggestions for the improvement of their biocompatibility and the design of biocompatible carbon nanotube‐based systems are provided.     

论高校教师的合理着装

高校教师在长期的教学过程中,除了自身渊博的学识会对学生产生不可估量的影响以外,其日常行为举止甚至穿衣打扮也会直接或间接地影响学生正确的审美观和人生观,如果教师着装不合适,势必会对广大学生产生不良的引导.本文从高校教师合理着装的必要性出发,探讨了在提倡个性化的现代社会里,高校教师应当如何进行合理的着装.     

形状记忆合金元件的尺寸效应

对形状记忆合金元件的尺寸效尖进行了较深入的研究。除对其力的尺寸效应进行了研究外,还对其动作时间、响应时间、输出功率等随尺寸的变化情况进行了研究。研究后发现,形状记忆合金元件的形状回复力与特征尺寸的二次方成正比;其动作时间、响应时间与特征尺寸的一次方成正比;其输出功率与特征尺寸的二次方成正比;其功率／体积比与特征尺寸的负一次方成正比。因此,形状记忆合金是微机械领域能够采用的一种非常重要的功能材料。     

几种特殊的医学摄影及其信息记录材料

本文简明扼要地介绍了几种新开发的医学影像技术,叙述了其工作原理和采用的设备和影像记录材料,归纳了其特殊功能和显著成就,阐述了其应用范围和效果,并指出了其令人鼓舞的发展前景。     

On the buckling behavior of perfect and atomically defective hetero-junction carbon nanotubes

Bent and straight hetero-junction carbon nanotubes and their constructive homogeneous tubes were modeled based on the finite element method in their perfect and atomically defective forms with silicon impurities and carbon vacancies, and their buckling behavior was investigated. The results showed that the buckling strength of hetero-junction carbon nanotubes, which depends on the size of their kink and their constructive tubes' diameters, lies in the range of their constructive tubes' buckling strength. Armchair-armchair and zigzag-zigzag models also demonstrated higher buckling strength than the other hetero-junction models. Finally, the atomic defects were seen to considerably decrease the buckling strength of these nanomaterials.     

空心玻璃微珠在乳化炸药中的应用

文章分析了国内乳化炸药采用的敏化剂及其性能特点和存在的问题,提出利用空心玻璃微珠作为乳化炸药的敏化剂能提高乳化炸药的爆炸性能和定存稳定性。     

设计创新教育对大学生的魅力

设计创新教育是一项对大学生富有魅力的教学活动其原因在于它符合大学生的根本“需要”及其“兴趣”。设计创新教育时大学生的魅力主要表现在扩展认识视野、开拓思维范围、解决现实存在的问题、启动大学生学以致用的创造性思维等方面。因此，“需要“和、“兴趣”引导大学生走上了设计创新学习的成功之路。     

Hollow Metal–Organic‐Framework Micro/Nanostructures and their Derivatives: Emerging Multifunctional Materials

Hollow metal–organic framework (MOF) micro/nanostructures and their derivatives are attracting a great amount of research interest in recent years because their hierarchical porous structures not only provide abundant, easily accessed metal sites but also endow 3D channels for rapid mass transport. As a result, they demonstrate significant advantages in many applications including catalysis, gas sensors, batteries, supercapacitors, and so on. Nevertheless, studies on hollow MOFs and their derivatives are still at the beginning of this field, and the relationship between their structures and application performances is not yet reviewed comprehensively. Herein, the synthetic strategies and practical applications of hollow micro/nanostructured MOFs and their derivatives are summarized, and their corresponding prospects are also discussed.     

Do young novice drivers overestimate their driving skills more than experienced drivers? Different methods lead to different conclusions

In this study we argue that drivers have to make an assessment of their own driving skills, in order to sufficiently adapt to their task demands in traffic. There are indications that drivers in general, but novice drivers in particular, overestimate their driving skills. However, study results differ on the subject of self-assessment of skills. The objectives of this paper are (1) to study whether novice drivers indeed overestimate their driving skills more than experienced drivers; and (2) to evaluate the influence of the method to measure self-assessment of skills (i.e. comparison to ‘average’ and ‘peer’ driver versus independent measures of own performance). The results show that the conclusion of whether novice drivers overestimate their driving skills is highly affected by the method chosen to measure self-assessment of skills. When drivers are asked to compare themselves to the average and peer driver, we can conclude that novice drivers are not as optimistic about their driving skills as has been reported in the past. They seem to recognize that they are not as skilled (yet) as the average driver. However, when comparing their self-assessment with their actual behaviour there are indications that they overestimate their driving skills.