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激光外差干涉是新一代水声声压基准的主要技术,光学干涉系统中的信号解调算法直接影响质点振速和声压量值。为准确得到测量结果,详细介绍了如何从多普勒信号中得到水质点振速的过零点解调算法,并建立了一套在线解调系统。该系统利用信号源产生两路相互正交的多普勒信号模拟光电二极管的输出,再经差分放大电路后进入示波器进行数据采集,最后由主机软件在线读取数据并完成质点振速解调。实验结果有效验证了过零点算法和解调系统的正确性和稳定性,所设计的过零点解调系统可直接应用于激光外差干涉法复现水声声压。 相似文献
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声矢量传感器由声压传感器和质点振速传感器组成,可用在空间某点同步测量声场的声压和质点振速信息。但矢量传感器在实际制作时,可能存在声压传感器和质点振速传感器中心不一致的情况,即矢量声场的非共点测量。这会使得声压与振速通道之间的接收信号存在时延差,从而影响矢量传感器的定向性能。从理论上分析了时延差对平均声强法定向的影响,即降低了信号处理的信噪比及引入π相位的定向误差,并提出采用互相关声能流法进行定向。通过仿真分析了中心不一致、入射角度和信噪比等因素对不同类型的目标定向结果的影响,并验证和讨论了互相关声能流定向算法的有效性和适用性。 相似文献
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《测试技术学报》2016,(3)
矢量传感器具有与频率无关的偶极子指向性,可以同步、共点和独立测量声场中的声压和质点振速,在水下目标辐射噪声测量领域得到广泛应用.本文采用虚源干涉模型和简正波矢量声场理论,计算和仿真分析了水下目标低频辐射噪声声压与质点振速近程声场的时间-频率干涉图案,利用单矢量传感器辐射噪声测量系统在北黄海海域对单个和两个目标的水下辐射噪声进行了测试和分析.结果表明:水下目标低频辐射噪声声场质点振速水平分量与声压的时间-频率干涉条纹具有相似性,而声场质点振速比声压的时间-频率干涉条纹清晰,且质点振速能够抑制目标与目标辐射噪声之间的干涉;利用质点振速LOFAR图,可以判定水下目标的数目,区分水面和水下目标. 相似文献
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超声换能器广泛应用于声学测量,其工作性能主要取决于它的振动与声特征。然而,多数研究中的换能器被认为是经典的活塞或高斯型,经典与常用的真实换能器之间的差异容易被忽视。基于此,首先用激光测振和传声器测声方法测量了某厂家换能器产品的表面振动与声场特征。然后设计有限元方案,分别仿真经典与真实换能器的声场。最后从辐射面振速分布、声场声压和相关系数等方面,综合比较经典与真实超声换能器之间振动与声场的异同。结果表明,换能器间的辐射面振速分布差别明显,所研究的真实换能器的声场特征接近于活塞,而与高斯型差别较大。 相似文献
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在较远距离准确定位噪声源对水下航行器等设备的减振降噪具有重要意义。该文提出一种基于双振速测量面的近场声全息技术,采用双测量面对双噪声源信号的质点振速信息进行提取,利用前后两测量面间的相位差构成格林函数,并根据声场重建公式进行近场声全息声场重建。数值仿真及主峰位置偏差分析表明,基于振速测量的双测量面近场声全息技术,与单振速测量面、双声压测量面的近场声全息技术相比,可以忽略边缘误差的影响,并可以在较远的测量距离更准确的定位声源位置,验证了基于双振速测量面近场声全息技术的有效性和可行性。 相似文献
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B. Boroomand A. A. Tabatabaei E. Oate 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2005,63(3):351-379
A stabilized version of the finite point method (FPM) is presented. A source of instability due to the evaluation of the base function using a least square procedure is discussed. A suitable mapping is proposed and employed to eliminate the ill‐conditioning effect due to directional arrangement of the points. A step by step algorithm is given for finding the local rotated axes and the dimensions of the cloud using local average spacing and inertia moments of the points distribution. It is shown that the conventional version of FPM may lead to wrong results when the proposed mapping algorithm is not used. It is shown that another source for instability and non‐monotonic convergence rate in collocation methods lies in the treatment of Neumann boundary conditions. Unlike the conventional FPM, in this work the Neumann boundary conditions and the equilibrium equations appear simultaneously in a weight equation similar to that of weighted residual methods. The stabilization procedure may be considered as an interpretation of the finite calculus (FIC) method. The main difference between the two stabilization procedures lies in choosing the characteristic length in FIC and the weight of the boundary residual in the proposed method. The new approach also provides a unique definition for the sign of the stabilization terms. The reasons for using stabilization terms only at the boundaries is discussed and the two methods are compared. Several numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the performance and convergence of the proposed methods. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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阐述了磁性法测定钢中残余奥氏体含量的原理和方法,并研制了一种基于磁性法的钢中残余奥氏体含量测定装置。该测定装置可以实现换向法、甩脱法和动态法等3种残余奥氏体含量测定方法,其中换向法和甩脱法以不同方式静态测定残余奥氏体含量,动态法能够在试件拉伸过程中连续、快速地动态测定残余奥氏体含量与应变的对应关系。该测定装置以LabVIEW为平台,构成了虚拟仪器系统,对数据进行采集、分析和处理,实现了可视化操作、自动测量、曲线显示和数据保存等功能。使用该装置采用3种方法分别对M50NiL轴承钢中的残余奥氏体含量进行了测定,试验结果表明该测定装置能够精确地测定钢中的残余奥氏体含量。 相似文献
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Marc S. Ingber Andrea A. Mammoli Mary J. Brown 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2001,52(4):417-432
In many cases, boundary integral equations contain a domain integral. This can be evaluated by discretization of the domain into domain elements. Historically, this was seen as going against the spirit of boundary element methods, and several methods were developed to avoid this discretization, notably dual and multiple reciprocity methods and particular solution methods. These involved the representation of the interior function with a set of basis functions, generally of the radial type. In this study, meshless methods (dual reciprocity and particular solution) are compared to the direct domain integration methods. The domain integrals are evaluated using traditional methods and also with multipole acceleration. It is found that the direct integration always results in better accuracy, as well as smaller computation times. In addition, the multipole method further improves on the computation times, in particular where multiple evaluations of the integral are required, as when iterative solvers are used. The additional error produced by the multipole acceleration is negligible. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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在聚合物共混体系中,界面张力对聚合物相容性有着重要影响,决定着相与相之间的粘接性,成为控制其最终相态结构的一个重要因素,是研究多相聚合物相态结构的基础。文中综述了聚合物熔体界面张力的测定方法,这些测定方法主要有热力学方法、流变学方法以及动力学方法三大类;介绍了每种方法的基本原理,并对其优缺点及适用范围进行了简单说明。其中,动力学方法是使用最多、相对准确的,对该方法进行了重点介绍,并且讨论了动力学方法中熔体粘弹性对界面张力测定的影响。 相似文献
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Based on a combination of Hellinger–Reissner principle with its dual, a mixed/hybrid method of non‐saddle point type has been presented in the previous papers. In the paper, an application of the method to two‐dimensional elasticity problems is considered in a manner of combination of mathematical analysis with numerical investigation. How to construct a combined hybrid scheme of high performance is discussed, and several four‐node quadrilateral CH‐elements are systematically verified. In brief, this paper shows that for the hybrid element scheme, the energy compatibility condition, introduced in Zhou (Combined hybrid finite element method without requirement for Babuska‐Brezzi condition, to appear) is the ultimate key to the achievement of high performance. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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纳米氧化锌材料的制备方法及结构表征 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
文章介绍了纳米ZnO材料的常用制备方法,如应用较多的气-固-液法、气相法、水热法和有着较好应用前景的电化学法,以及各类纳米ZnO材料的结构表征,并展望了纳米ZnO材料的发展前景。 相似文献