α—Fe2O3基纳米粉体的合成及其CO敏感性

本文以共沉淀法、柠檬酸络合物分解法和尿素水解法合成了掺杂的α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３纳米粉体。用Ｘ－射线粉末衍射仪（ＸＲＤ）,透射电镜（ＴＥＭ）,比表面测定仪（ＢＥＴ）,气敏特性测试仪对所合成的粉体进行了表征和测试。结果表明,这三种方法均可合成出纳米级的粉体,用共沉淀法制备的粉体粒度较小、灵敏度较高,某些金属离子的掺杂能明显地改善粉体的气敏性。选择适当的工艺条件可制成在低温下对ＣＯ便有较高灵敏度、选择性和稳定     

ZnO压敏陶瓷的晶界结构

用ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ、ＴＥＭ研究了低压ＺｎＯ压敏陶瓷的相结构与晶界结构，证实了晶界相的不连续性，发现低压ＺｎＯ－Ｂｉ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＯ２系中ＺｎＯ－ＺｎＯ晶粒直接接触区晶界宽度约为４５ｎｍ，以及烧结过程中晶界上ＺｎＯ纳米级单晶的迁移行为并计算出ＺｎＯ晶界移动激活能Ｑｍ。     

纳米金红石型TiO2粉体的制备及其表征

纳米金红石型二氧化钛是一种重要的新型无机功能材料,其制备及其应用在当代愈来愈受到重视,本文利用ＺｎＣＯ４包覆Ｔｉ（ＯＨ）４沉淀,５００℃预焙解、使ＺｎＣＯ３转变为ＺｎＯ,Ｔｉ（ＯＨ）４转变ｉＯ３然后溶去９７ｗｔ％的包覆ＺｎＯ粉体,８００℃焙烧,最终制得粒径约２０￣６０ｎｍ的金红石型二氧化钛粉体,利用ＴＥＭ、ＸＲＤ、ＩＣＰ对粉体粒子的形貌、大小、物相及化学组成进行了分析。     

纳米级ZnO—TiO2复合粉体的制备及其性能表征

利用ＺｎＳＯ４和Ｔｉ（ＳＯ４）２为原料,在合成纳米ＴｉＯ２粉体的基础上,将ＴｉＯ２微粉分散在（ＮＨ４）２ＣＯ３溶液中,进一步将ＺｎＣＯ３的形成沉淀出来,于３００℃煅烧２ｈ,即可制得纳米级ＺｎＯ－ＴｉＯ２复合粉体,其粒径约３０－９５ｎｍ。     

共沉淀法制备YAG-Al2O3纳米复合粉体

本文采用共沉淀法制备了ＹＡＧ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３纳米复合粉体。并通过ＸＲＤ、ＴＥＭ详细研究了粉体组成、形貌随煅烧温度的变化。     

铈、镧掺杂BaTiO3 基纳米晶的合成与表征

以非全醇盐为原料并避开传统的醇类有机溶剂,利用溶胶－凝胶法以醋酸为介质兼作均相催化剂,按不同配比及工艺条件合成了分别掺杂铈或镧的ＢａＴｉＯ３基纳米晶。利用ＤＴＡ－ＴＧ、ＸＲＤ、ＦＴ－ＩＲ、ＸＲＦ、ＳＥＭ以及陶瓷元件气湿敏特性等测试对纳米晶进行了表征,确定了制备浓溶胶前驱体的优化工艺、酸度、温度、浓度配比、次序、干燥方式等;测定了多晶粉体的原始晶粒粒度、纯度、晶相、软团聚颗粒外观形貌、粒度分布等。     

超临界流体干燥法制备纳米级TiO2的研究

本文以廉价无机盐为原料,采用溶胶－凝胶法结合超临界流体干燥制备了纳米级ＴｉＯ２,并采用ＸＲＤ,ＤＴＡ－ＴＧ、ＴＥＭ技术研究了Ｓｏｌ－Ｇｅｌ过程中溶液的ＰＨ值、浓度、陈化时间及ＳＣＦＤ技术等条件对ＴｉＯ２粒径大小的影响。     

高能球磨法制备纳米晶Zn铁氧体

用高能球磨法制备了纳米晶Ｚｎ铁氧体。通过样品的Ｍｏｅｓｓｂａｕｅｒ谱及ＸＲＤ谱的测定,研究了纳米晶的形成过程。结果表明：球磨的３ｈα－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３即与ＺｎＯ发生机械化学反应生成Ｚｎ铁氧体,这种反应是通过先形成α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３－ＺｎＯ固溶体而进行的。制得的纳米晶铁氧体有一定的晶格畸变。     

共沉淀法制备YAG-Al2O3纳米复合粉体

本文采用共沉淀法制备了ＹＡＧ－Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３纳米复合粉体．并通过ＸＲＤ、ＴＥＭ详细研究了粉体组成、形貌随煅烧温度的变化．研究表明,在１３００℃下煅烧可获得ＹＡＧ粒径约１００ｎｍ、分散均匀、无杂相的ＹＡＧ－Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３纳米复合粉体．粉体在１４５０℃可热压烧结致密,远低于文献报道的热压烧结温度１６００℃．用共沉淀法制备ＹＡＧ－Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３纳米复合粉体具有成本低、产量高和工艺简单的优点．     

用超重力法制备纳米二氧化硅

以 ＣＯ２气体和水玻璃为原料,采用超重力技术制备纳米级二氧化硅,研究了由超重力反应器碳化沉淀法制备二氧化硅的实验条件对产品粒径的影响,用 ＴＥＭ、 ＩＲ、 ＸＲＤ、 ＤＴＡ—ＴＧ等手段表征了纳米二氧化硅的性能,结果表明,二氧化硅颗粒平均粒径为１７～３０ｎｍ,粒度的分布范围比较窄     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.