B4C-TiB2复相陶瓷的强韧化研究

采用热压烧结工艺，制备Ｂ４Ｃ－ＴｉＢ２复相陶瓷。结果表明，复相陶瓷的抗弯强度，断裂韧性和显向硬度受第二相ＴｉＢ２颗粒的影响，其中Ｂ４Ｃ－３０ｖｏｌ％ＴｉＢ２材料的弯曲强度为７２５ＭＰａ，比单体Ｂ４Ｃ提高６５％，Ｂ４Ｃ－４５ｖｏｌ＾ＴｉＢ２材料的断裂韧性为６．７ＭＰａ．ｍ＾１／２，比单体Ｂ４Ｃ提高８４％，由Ｂ４Ｃ基体和ＴｉＢ２颗粒热膨胀系数不匹配导致的残余应国是Ｂ４Ｃ－Ｔdisplay status     

晶内型Al2O3—SiC纳米复合陶瓷的制备

研究了沉淀法制备Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＣ纳米复合陶瓷的工艺过程，利用Ａｌ２Ｏ３从γ相到α相的蠕虫状生长过程，使大部分纳米ＳｉＣ颗粒位于Ａｌ２Ｏ３晶粒内，用沉淀法制得的、含有５ｖｏｌ％ＳｉＣ的Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＣ纳米复合陶瓷，其强度为４６７ＭＰａ，韧性为４．７ＭＰａ．ｍ＾１／２，与一般的Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷相比有较大的提高，显示了沉淀法制备Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＣ纳米复合陶瓷的优点。     

一种新的MoSi2基复合材料显微结构及其对力学性能的影响

本文研究了原位生成的ＴｉＣ／ＴｉＢ_２／ＭｏＳｉ_２三相复合材料的一种新的显微结构及其对力学性能的影响,结果表明,当热压金属Ｔｉ,Ｂ_４Ｃ和ＭｏＳｉ_２的混合粉末时,在ＭｏＳｉ_２的基体内生成由ＴｉＣ和ＴｉＢ_２组成的空心粒子．其中的ＴｉＣ和ＴｉＢ_２粒子均为纳米粒子．具有此新显微结构的复合材料,强度达到４８０ＭＰａ,断裂韧性为５．２ＭＰａ·ｍ^１／２,较单相ＭｏＳｉ_２材料的力学性能有大幅度提高．     

镍内电极多层陶瓷电容器介质材料的研究

通过（ＢａＯ＋ＣａＯ）／（ＴｉＯ２＋ＺｒＯ２）略大于１的Ｂａ－ＴｉＯ３系材料进行受主离子Ｃａ＾２＋、Ｍｇ＾２＋、Ｆｅ＾３＋、Ｍｎ＾２＋和Ｚｎ＾２＋掺杂试验,使瓷料在还原性气氛中与镍电极共烧,获得介电常数为１５０００、绝缘电阻率达到１０＾１２Ω．ｃｍ的抗还原陶瓷。     

SiO2-Si3N4复合材料的力学性能及其增韧机理

采用热压工艺制备了ＳｉＯ２－Ｓｉ３Ｎ４复合材料，其抗弯强度和断裂韧性达到１４３ＭＰａ和１．７ＭＰａ．ｍ＾１／２，比基体ＳｉＯ２材料分别提高１０７％和７０％，复合材料改善是由于高弹性模量的Ｓｉ３Ｎ４引入以及ＳｉＯ２和Ｓｉ３Ｎ４热膨胀系数不匹配导致的残余应力。     

碳化硅和氧化铝陶瓷的热等静压氮化

通过对无压烧结、热压烧结和热等静压烧结ＳＩＣ陶瓷以及热压烧结的ＳｉＣ粒子补强Ａｌ２Ｏ３基复相陶瓷（ＳｉＣｐ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３）和ＳｉＣ粒子与ＳｉＣ晶须共同增强的Ａｌ２Ｏ３基复合材料（ＳｉＣｐ－ＳｉＣｗ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３）在氮气氛中进行高温氮化处理，成功地实现了这些材料的开口气孔表面裂纹的愈合。研究表明：热等静压氯化工艺可以显著提高ＳｉＣ和Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷的抗弯强度，对断裂韧性也有较大的改善作用。对于热等静压烧结ＳｉＣ陶瓷，在１８５０℃和２００ＭＰａ氮气压力下氯化处理１小时后，其抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别由５８２ＭＰａ和５．７ＭＰａ·ｍ１／２提高到９０７ＭＰａ和８．４ＭＰａ·ｍ１／２；对于热压烧结的ＳｉＣｐ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３复相陶瓷和ＳｉＣｐ－ＳｉＣｗ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合材料，在１７００℃和１５０ＭＰａ氮气压力下氮化处理１小时后，其室温抗弯强度分别由４６０和７０５ＭＰａ提高到８９５和１０３３ＭＰａ。     

TiC／（Al2O3／Y—TZP）复相陶瓷的制备与性能

本文采用热压工艺制备ＴｉＣ和Ａｌ２Ｏ３共同补强Ｙ－ＴＺＰ基复相陶瓷，研究了复相陶瓷的相组成。力学性能及显微结构，发现复相陶瓷的高温强度得到显著提高，１０００℃时，组成为３０ｖｏｌ％ＴｉＣ－（２５ｖｏｌ％，Ａｌ２Ｏ３／１．８Ｙ－ＴＺＰ）复相陶冷饮 抗弯强度高达６１４ＭＰａ，ＴｉＣ颗粒补强机制在高温下发挥了重要作用。     

反应烧结TiB_2－SiC复相陶瓷的物相反应、力学性能及残余应力

利用ＴｉＨ２，Ｓｉ和Ｂ４Ｃ之间的化学反应制备ＴｉＢ２－ＳｉＣ复相陶瓷，研究了反应时物相生成机理及添加Ｎｉ对材料力学性能的影响．采用ＳＥＭ观察复相陶瓷的显微结构及裂纹扩展过程，用ＸＲＤ法测定了复相陶瓷内的残余应力，探讨了复相陶瓷的增韧机理同时，残余应力测试结果表明，精磨会给材料表面带来一定的机械加工应力，但随方向而异，并对残余应力的测定造成影响     

MB26合金超塑性的研究

研究了新型高强度镁合金ＭＢ２６超塑性拉伸、压缩的变形行为。结果表明，热挤压态ＭＢ２６合金不经过任何预处理即具有很好的超塑性。超塑性拉抻时，在４００℃、ε０＝１．１７×１０＾－２ｓ＾－１的变形条件下δ＝１４５０％，σ＝８．７ＭＰａ，ｍ值为０．６；超塑性压缩时，在４００℃、ε０＝８．３×１０＾３ｓ＾－１变形条件下，压缩真应变ε高达２．１８以上，σ＝１８ＭＰａ，ｍ值在０．４以上。     

Ti对C—B4C—SiC复合材料显微结构与性能的影响

本文就烧结助剂Ｔｉ对Ｃ－Ｂ４Ｃ－ＳｉＣ碳／陶复合材料显微结构与性能的影响进行了研究，Ｘ射线衍射表明Ｔｉ在烧结温度下与Ｂ发生反应在晶界生成ＴｉＢ２，并产生液相，有效地促进了Ｃ－Ｂ４Ｃ－ＳｉＣ复合材料的烧结，抑制了晶粒的长大，使复合材料密度与强度大幅度地增加，电阻率下降，同时ＴｉＢ２的氧化时生成致密的ＴｉＯ２，包裹子易氧化的Ｂ４Ｃ和Ｃ，使制品难氧化，从而大大提高了制品的抗氧化性能。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.