基于BTP/PIP-TMC界面聚合体系制备高通量复合纳滤膜

选择具有良好亲水性和线性结构特征的1,3-二[三(羟甲基)甲氨基]丙烷(BTP)与哌嗪(PIP)共同组成水相单体,与均苯三甲酰氯(TMC)通过界面聚合合成复合纳滤膜.利用ATR/FTIR、SEM和接触角测定仪等手段对合成的复合纳滤膜进行表征,并考察水相单体中BTP含量对纳滤膜渗透分离性能和亲水性的影响.结果表明,BTP...     

以PAN为基膜的复合纳滤膜的制备研究

以NaOH溶液改性后的聚丙烯腈(PAN)超滤膜为基膜,对,对′-二氨基二苯甲烷(DDM)和均苯三甲酰氯(TMC)为单体,经过界面聚合反应制备复合纳滤膜。考察了胺浓度、酸接受剂浓度、界面聚合时间等对膜分离性能的影响。结合FTIR和环境扫描电镜(ESEM)研究复合膜的表面形态及断面结构,讨论了复合纳滤膜致密层的结构与其性能的关系。结果表明,采用界面聚合反应在PAN改性膜上已复合一层致密的表皮层,该致密表皮层是聚酰胺结构。     

原位生长制备ZIF-8/聚酰胺双层复合纳滤膜及其染料分离性能

以2,6-二氨基吡啶、均苯三甲酰氯为水相和油相单体,通过界面聚合法制备吡啶功能化聚酰胺(PA-PY)膜,随后利用酰氯水解羧基和吡啶氮原子与锌离子的配位作用,在膜表面原位生长ZIF-8(类沸石咪唑酯骨架材料-8),制备了ZIF-8/聚酰胺(ZIF-8/PA-PY)双层复合纳滤膜。扫描电镜分析结果表明:原位生长法可在PA-PY分离层生成晶型结构完整、致密的ZIF-8层,且随着原位生长时间的增加,ZIF-8层逐渐增厚。ZIF-8/PA-PY双层复合纳滤膜对负电性染料的截留率较高,原位生长时间为12h时,双层复合纳滤膜对甲基蓝截留率为97.9%,刚果红为99.6%。     

PVDF/PA管式复合纳滤膜的制备及后处理研究

以聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)管式超滤膜为基膜,无水哌嗪(PIP)为水相单体,均苯三甲基酰氯(TMC)为有机相单体,采用界面聚合法制备PVDF/PA管式复合纳滤膜.研究了管式复合纳滤膜制备过程中,水相单体的浓度、有机相单体的浓度等制备条件和用甘油后处理对膜分离性能的影响.结果表明,所制备的管式复合纳滤膜在0.4 MPa、25℃下对2 000 mg/L的MgSO_4水溶液的截留率为95.5%,对应的通量为48 L/(m~2·h).     

界面聚合法制备高通量复合耐溶剂纳滤膜

以聚酰亚胺(PI)超滤膜为支撑层,间苯二胺(MPD)、均苯三甲酰氯(TMC)分别为水相单体及有机相单体,通过界面聚合、化学交联和溶剂活化等步骤制备了聚酰胺(PA)复合耐溶剂纳滤膜.使用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征PI超滤膜和复合纳滤膜的化学组成及表面、断面形貌.系统考察并优化了水相单体浓度、水相添加剂种类和环境湿度对于复合耐溶剂纳滤膜分离性能的影响.该复合耐溶剂纳滤膜在最佳制备条件下的乙醇渗透率可达45.9 L/(m~2·h·MPa),对罗丹明B(相对分子质量479)的截留率为99.8%,表现出优异的分离性能.所制备的复合耐溶剂纳滤膜在80℃的二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中持续浸泡14 d后,分离性能基本保持不变,表现出优异的耐溶剂性能.     

荷正电聚四氟乙烯复合纳滤膜的制备及表征

以聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)平板膜为基膜,对其进行亲水改性后,以支化聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)和均苯三甲酰氯(TMC)为主要单体,通过界面聚合制备了荷正电聚四氟乙烯复合纳滤膜。采用红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜和固体表面Zata电位分析仪研究了复合纳滤膜的表面化学结构、微观形貌和荷电特性,结果表明,在亲水PTFE基膜表面形成了致密的多层结构,复合纳滤膜在pH为中性的条件下呈现荷正电。通过优化制备条件,复合纳滤膜对MgCl_2溶液的截留率达到95.7%,水通量为13.47 L/(m~2·h)(测试液浓度1000 mg/L,操作压力0.4 MPa)。此外,测试复合纳滤膜对不同盐溶液的截留率大小顺序为MgCl_2(95.7%)MgSO_4(90.7%)Na_2SO_4(77.5%)NaCl(58.1%),对聚乙二醇(PEG)的截留相对分子质量为402。研究表明制备的复合纳滤膜在硬水软化领域具有潜在的应用价值。     

耐氯聚酰胺复合纳滤膜的制备与性能

采用哌嗪(PIP)与均苯三甲酰氯(TMC)为单体以界面聚合制备聚酰胺复合纳滤膜,用戊二醛(GA)对聚酰胺复合纳滤膜进行交联处理,再浸入间氨基乙酰苯胺中进行接枝反应得到具有耐氯性的改性复合纳滤膜.通过红外光谱和固体表面电位Zeta电位分析仪表征,证明间氨基乙酰苯胺接枝到活性层表面,降低了复合膜的荷负电性,扫描电子显微镜显示改性膜呈现无孔和更加粗糙的状态,接触角测量表明改性提高了复合膜表面的亲水性.耐氯测试表明,室温下,在pH=4,浓度1 g/L的NaClO溶液中浸泡10 h后,改性膜的截留率由94.04％下降至91.81％,PIP-TMC复合纳滤膜的截留率由94.60％下降至78.85％.     

pH响应性复合纳滤膜

首先研究了液-液静态界面聚合反应界面处的pH值与反应时间的关系,然后以聚甲基丙烯酸N,N-二甲氨基乙酯(PDM AEM A)作为交联预聚物,利用双苄基试剂进行季铵化反应,在聚砜基膜表面固载PDM AEM A凝胶层,制得荷正电的复合纳滤膜。研究了pH值与凝胶层溶胀度和复合膜分离性能的关系。实验表明,界面聚合产生的季铵盐有两相相容性,在反应中起到自催化作用;此膜面界面聚合在特定的pH值范围才能得到性能良好的纳滤膜;PDM AEM A水凝胶层随pH值的变化溶胀度有明显变化;所制得的复合纳滤膜具有pH敏感性。     

PVC基中空纤维复合纳滤膜制备及其性能表征

以聚氯乙烯(PVC)中空纤维超滤膜为基膜,以哌嗪(PIP)为水相单体、均苯三甲酰氯(TMC)为有机相单体,通过界面聚合法制备中空纤维复合纳滤膜。着重研究了水相涂覆后吹扫工艺对超薄分离层完整性及膜分离性能的影响规律,进而研究了各制膜因素的影响。所制备的纳滤膜在0.35 MPa,25℃条件下,对1 000mg/L硫酸镁(MgSO_4)水溶液的截留率为96.4%,相应通量为24.1L/(m~2·h)。     

天大吴洪、姜忠义教授团队成功制备超薄聚酰胺纳滤膜

<正>近日,天津大学吴洪教授、姜忠义教授团队采用共价有机框架介导界面聚合的策略,利用二维固有孔材料在基底上首先构筑高孔隙率超亲水层,再进行界面聚合,成功制备出超薄聚酰胺纳滤膜.合成了具有高比表面积且富含亲水基团(胺基、酮基)的TpPa-1型共价有机框架纳米片(covalent organic framework nanosheets,CONs)作为构筑单元,在基底上组装一层CONs复合基膜(CONs-loading layer composite substrate,CLS).在界面聚合过程中,CLS层可高效储存胺单体,并优化单体分     

界面聚合法制备海藻酸钠/聚砜复合纳滤膜

以聚砜(PS)超滤膜为基膜,海藻酸钠(Sodium Alginate,NaAlg)和均苯三甲酰氯(TMC)分别为水相和油相反应单体,经界面聚合反应制备一种新型复合纳滤膜.研究了制备影响因素对复合膜分离性能的影响,并利用扫描电镜(SEM)对复合膜的表面形态和断面结构进行了表征.结果表明,当海藻酸钠的质量分数为2.0%,TMC的质量分数为0.25%,TMC反应时间为30s,热处理温度为50℃,热处理时间为10min时所制备的膜性能最好.所制备的复合纳滤膜在操作压力1.0MPa下,对1 000mg/L的Na2SO4溶液的脱盐率为84.9%,通量为12.2L/(m2.h).     

Preparation of Calcium Phosphate/Chitosan Membranes by Electrochemical Deposition Technique

In this paper, the electrochemical deposition was used to form calcium phosphate/chitosan (Ca-P/chitosan) membranes on the surface of AZ91D magnesium alloy coated with a microarc oxidization (MAO) membrane. The surface appearance, chemical compositions, and crystalline structures of the Ca-P/chitosan membranes were detected by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). They showed that the surface morphology of the membranes had a remarkable modification after introducing chitosan to Ca-P membrane, and the binding force was distinctly increased between the metal substrate and the membrane. The composite membranes were composed of Tricalcium Phosphate (TCP), Dibasic Calcium Phosphate (DCP), and Hydroxyapatite (HAP). Immersion was tested in simulated body fluid (SBF) and the corrosion resistance of the membranes was evaluated by electrochemical measurements. Results exhibit the composite membranes have low corrosion rate and superior stability.     

Bioactive glass induced in vitro apatite formation on composite GBR membranes

The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro bioactivity of different thermoplastic biodegradable barrier membranes. Three experimental GBR membranes were fabricated using Poly(epsilon-caprolactone-co-D: ,L-lactide) P(CL/DL-LA) and particulate bioactive glass S53P4 (BAG; granule size 90-315 microm): (A) composite membrane with 60-wt.% of BAG, (B) membrane coated with BAG; and (C) copolymer membrane without BAG. Membranes were immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF), and their surfaces were characterized with SEM, XRD and EDS after 6 and 12 h and after 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 days. Calcium phosphate (Ca-P) surface formation was observed on both composite membranes (A and B) but not on the copolymer membrane without bioactive glass (C). The Ca-P precipitation appeared to be initiated on the bioactive glass followed by growth of the layer along the polymer surface. In 6-12 h ion dissolution of the bioactive glass led to formation of the silica rich layer on the surface of the exposed glass granules on composite membrane B whereas only small amounts of silica was observed on the polymer surface of the composite membrane A. At 24 h nucleation of Ca-P precipitation was observed, and by 3-5 days membrane surface was covered with a uniform Ca-P layer transforming from amorphous to low crystalline structure. At 7 days composition and structure of the apatite surface resembled the apatite in bone. Once nucleated, the surface topography seemed to have significant effect on the growth of the apatite layer.     

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Composite Membrane Fabricated on the Inner Surface of a Ceramic Hollow Fiber: From Single-Channel to Multi-Channel

The fabrication of a separation layer on the inner surface of a hollow fiber (HF) substrate to form an HF composite membrane offers exciting opportunities for industrial applications, although challenges remain. This work reports on the fabrication of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite membrane on the inner surface of a single-channel or multi-channel ceramic HF via a proposed coating/cross-flow approach. The nanostructures and transport properties of the PDMS HF composite membranes were optimized by controlling the polymer concentration and coating time. The morphology, surface chemistry, interfacial adhesion, and separation performance of the membranes were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, the nano-indentation/scratch technique, and pervaporation (PV) recovery of bio-butanol, respectively. The formation mechanism for the deposition of the PDMS layer onto the inner surface of the ceramic HF was studied in detail. The optimized inner surface of the PDMS/ceramic HF composite membranes with a thin and defect-free separation layer exhibited a high flux of ~1800 g·m⁻²·h⁻¹ and an excellent separation factor of 35–38 for 1 wt% n-butanol/water mixtures at 60 °C. The facile coating/cross-flow methodology proposed here shows great potential for fabricating inner-surface polymer-coated HFs that have broad applications including membranes, adsorbents, composite materials, and more.     

静电纺丝法ZrO_2/PVDF-PAN超级电容器隔膜的制备及其电化学性能

采用静电纺丝法,以聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)和聚丙烯腈(PAN)为基体,通过改变ZrO_2的含量,制备了ZrO_2/PVDF-PAN复合纤维膜。用SEM和比表面积测试仪(BET)分别对复合纤维膜的形貌和比表面积进行了表征。结果表明:纳米ZrO_2的加入量对ZrO_2/PVDF-PAN复合纤维膜的形貌有较大影响,随着纳米ZrO_2含量的增加,纤维表面变得凹凸不平,提高了纤维膜的比表面积,进而提高了纤维膜的吸液率,且当ZrO_2含量为PVDF和PAN总质量的0.4%时达到最大值。将复合纤维膜组装成超级电容器,利用电化学工作站对其循环伏安(CV)和交流阻抗(EIS)性能进行测试,研究了ZrO_2的加入对复合纤维膜电化学性能的影响。结果表明:ZrO_2的加入提高了ZrO_2/PVDF-PAN复合纤维膜的电导率,当ZrO_2含量为0.4%时其电化学综合性能最好,其中比容量达126.0F/g,离子电导率为9.31×10~(-3) S/cm。     

磺化氧化石墨烯/聚砜复合膜的制备及抗污染性能

采用浸没沉淀-相转化法制备了磺化氧化石墨烯/聚砜（SGO/PSf）复合膜,对SGO/PSf复合膜的亲水性、纯水通量、孔隙率、表面Zeta电位、膜断面和表面形貌进行测定。为了分析SGO/PSf复合膜的抗污染性能,采用自制牛血清白蛋白（BSA）探针,借助原子力显微镜（AFM）测定了SGO/PSf复合膜与BSA之间的黏附力。结果表明,由于SGO与聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）的协同作用,SGO含量为0.5wt%的SGO/PSf复合膜的表面自由能最大（114.47 mJ/m2）,亲水性最好,对BSA的截留率为97.5%,污染恢复率达到80.06%。BSA与SGO含量为0.5wt%的SGO/PSf复合膜之间的黏附力最小（-0.61 mN/m）,说明SGO含量为0.5wt%的SGO/PSf复合膜的抗污染能力最强。      

HFP等离子体改性PTMSP-PMDSP膜及其氧氮选择性

在外极管式电容耦合反应器中,进行了三甲基硅烷基丙炔与五甲基二硅烷基丙炔共聚物(DTMSP-PMDSP)膜的六氟丙烯(HFP)等离子体改性,改性膜的气体透过性研究表明,氧氮选择性显著提高。用XPS谱分析改性后的膜表面,其表面结构发生了显著的变化。     

水热反应温度对PMMA/TiO_2复合纳米纤维膜的形貌和性能的影响

利用静电纺丝技术成功制备了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/钛酸四正丁酯(PMMA/TBT)复合纳米纤维膜,通过水热法处理得到了PMMA/TiO_2柔性复合纳米纤维膜。通过傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)、热失重分析法(TGA)、X射线衍射法(XRD)等手段对PMMA/TiO_2复合纳米纤维膜进行了表征,借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、全自动比表面积及孔隙分析仪(BET)对该材料的形貌结构、孔隙结构进行分析,最后探讨了所制备的纳米纤维膜的光催化降解能力,综合分析了反应温度对水热法制备PMMA/TiO_2复合纳米纤维膜的形貌、结构及性能的影响。结果表明:水热反应温度为200℃时,得到的PMMA/TiO_2复合纳米纤维膜中TiO_2晶型为纯锐钛矿型,且晶体生长速率较快,比表面积较大,对污染物亚甲基蓝的脱色效率最高,可达98.93%。     

反渗透复合膜内界面改性对其性能的影响研究--(Ⅱ)理论分析

用界面改性的方法研究了反渗透复合膜多孔支撑层／超薄功能层界面性质对反渗透复合膜性能的影响。用接触角表征极性即亲水性的变化，进行了ATR-IR的分析和测试。实验结果表明，多孔支撑层／超薄功能层内界面的极性即亲水性与复合膜的产水率和脱盐率有明显的相关性。改性后的内界面间形成了不同强度的氢键并对超薄功能层的N～H伸缩振动有影响。     

生物活性聚乳酸/SiO2-CaO复合薄膜的制备和表征（英文）

以聚乳酸、正硅酸乙酯和硝酸钙为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶方法制备了不同比例的聚乳酸/SiO2-CaO多孔复合薄膜.采用扫描电子显微镜和红外光谱仪对薄膜的微观结构和组成进行分析,并利用表面Zeta电位测定仪对其表面电位进行表征,通过模拟体液浸泡实验和MTT方法对薄膜的生物活性和细胞毒性进行评价.结果表明:复合薄膜在模拟体液中经过7d的浸泡,薄膜表面形成了环状结构的类骨磷灰石层;随着SiO2-CaO含量增加,复合薄膜表面微孔的孔径变小,薄膜表面Zeta电位变负,诱导类骨磷灰石沉积的能力增强;MTT实验证实复合薄膜对MG-63细胞没有毒性且有利于细胞的增殖.