聚羧酸系高效减水剂的研究现状与展望

简述了聚羧酸类高效减水剂国内外研究现状，介绍了聚羧酸类高效减水剂的化学结构、作用机理、性能特点，并提出了聚羧酸类高效减水剂今后的研究内容及研究方向。     

丙烯酸改性萘系高效减水剂的研制

丙烯酸改性荼系高效减水剂意在原有荼系高效减水剂的分子结构中通过化学合成引入羧基.以多羧酸高效减水剂常用原料丙烯酸为改性剂,在萘系高效减水剂合成工艺的基础上,通过优化原料比例、反应时间等对萘系高效减水剂进行改性.使用沉降试验方法对合成过程进行在线监测,并对合成产物的分散性能进行初步测试.结果表明:丙烯酸改性萘系高效减水剂在保持原有萘系高效减水剂分散效果的同时,显著提高了分散效果的保持时间.     

氨基磺酸盐高效减水剂的研发及复配

采用缩合聚合反应合成了低塌落度损失的氨基磺酸盐高效减水剂。探讨了缩合法生产氨基磺酸盐高效减水剂的工艺过程以及复配对高效减水剂性能的影响。     

氨基磺酸系高效减水剂应用性能研究

研究了氨基磺酸系高效减水剂（AsP）对水泥净浆流动度、新拌砼硬化性能及力学性能的影响以及ASP减水率、ASP与水泥适应性、ASP与萘系减水剂复合性能。试验表明，ASP与萘系减水剂相比，具有低掺量、高减水率以及控制坍落度损失的功能，而且与水泥有很好的适应性，与萘系减水剂有很好的相容性。     

参高效减水剂混凝土性能的研究

本文研究了高效减水剂的作用机理及其对混凝土性能的影响,试验采用新型高效减水剂R1100配制大流动性高强混凝土,结果表明高效减水剂能使混凝土减水15－25％,节约水泥10％左右,强度达到120%以上,适合配制大流动高强度混凝土。     

萘系高效减水剂和聚羧酸高性能减水剂的比较

混凝土作为建筑工程中最常使用的材料,为我国的建筑事业作出了巨大贡献,而减水剂作为混凝土不可分割的组分,也得到了广泛的应用。聚羧酸高性能减水剂与萘系高效减水剂作为减水剂中常见的种类,对水泥净浆流动以及混凝土的各方面性能都产生着巨大作用。本文结合实际简单的介绍了萘系高效减水剂和聚羧酸高性能减水剂,简述了二者的相同性,并对它们之间存在优缺点进行了对比。     

聚羧酸系高效减水剂的研究现状和应用前景

高效减水剂的研究已成为混凝土材料科学中的一个重要分支,并推动混凝土材料向高强、高性能化不断发展,其中聚羧酸系高效减水荆是新一代绿色高效减水剂的代表.结合国内外资料综述了聚羧酸系高效减水刑的研究现状、性能特点、分散稳定机理以及今后的发展方向.指出对聚羧酸系高效减水剂的基础理论研究还有待进一步加强;开发、合成、生产多元化和不同性能的系列聚羧酸系减水荆母体、多功能的聚羧酸系减水剂衍生产品,已成为当今聚羧酸系高效减水荆发展的必然趋势.     

短切碳纤维水泥砂浆的电磁波反射性能

采用"六步"成型工艺制备了短切碳纤维水泥砂浆试件,利用NRL反射率测试系统,研究了碳纤维掺量、水灰比和高效减水剂等因素在8～18GHz频率段对碳纤维水泥砂浆电磁反射性能的影响。结果表明,未掺碳纤维的水泥砂浆对电磁波最大吸收峰值为-29.3dB,当碳纤维掺量由0.2%增加到1.0%时,碳纤维水泥砂浆的电磁波反射性能逐渐增强,碳纤维掺量为0.6%时,出现拐点且反射率均-10.0dB。相同条件下,水灰比0.6时,反射率较高,碳纤维水泥砂浆对电磁波主要表现出反射性,水灰比0.6时,在高频阶段主要表现吸波性;掺入高效减水剂时,在不同频段的反射率均-8.0dB;与萘系高效减水剂和未掺高效减水剂时相比,掺入聚羧酸系高效减水剂时,碳纤维水泥砂浆对电磁波主要呈现反射性。     

桥斜拉索腐蚀失效的分析

分析了广东有四层防腐蚀层的斜拉钢索腐蚀失效的原因，因工艺技术上的缺陷，拉索内水泥浆体离析，使水及ＦＤＮ高效减水剂等富集于上段；在较大水灰比，含一定浓度ＦＤＮ高效减水剂及密闭条件下，上段水泥浆体会长时间不凝结，包裹拉索钢丝的水泥浆体长时间不凝结且未充满，产生电化学腐蚀。     

聚羧酸系减水剂的构性关系及其作用机理研究

聚羧酸系减水剂作为一种高性能减水剂,目前已成为国内外研究与发展的热点。概述了近几年国内外高效减水剂的研究与发展现状,阐述了聚羧酸系高效减水剂的分子结构、性能特点及作用机理,分子主链上阴离子基团越多及聚氧乙烯长侧链越长,聚羧酸系减水剂的分散性能和流动保持性能越好。聚羧酸系减水剂主要依靠聚氧乙烯长侧链的位阻效应和羧基及磺酸基的静电斥力来分散水泥颗粒。最后,提出了减水剂在应用中存在的问题并展望了其发展趋势。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.