创业导向、双元创新与企业竞争优势

针对创业导向如何影响企业绩效研究的不足,基于资源基础理论,构建了创业导向、双元创新与企业竞争优势之间的关系模型,旨在揭示双元创新在创业导向和竞争优势之间的中介作用。通过对全国203家企业调查数据进行实证研究,结果表明:(1)创业导向对探索式创新具有显著正向影响,对开发式创新具有倒U型影响;(2)开发式创新和探索式创新具有显著正向相关关系;(3)开发式创新和探索式创新正向影响企业竞争优势,并在创业导向和竞争优势之间起到中介效应。     

信任关系对IT匹配及信息共享的作用机理研究

构建了制造商与供应商间信任关系、IT匹配、信息共享、制造商运营绩效之间关系的理论模型。通过对广东省珠三角地区272家制造企业进行问卷调查,运用结构方程模型对提出的假设及概念模型进行检验。研究结果显示,能力信任对善意信任有着显著的正向影响;善意信任对信息共享、IT匹配有着显著的正向影响,但能力信任对信息共享、IT匹配的影响并不显著;IT匹配对信息共享和制造商运营绩效都有着显著的正向影响;信息共享对制造商运营绩效有着显著的正向影响。研究表明,企业不仅要通过加强对IT匹配的投资来改善信息共享及运营绩效,还要善于建立供应链伙伴间信任关系来提高信息共享及运营绩效水平。     

军工电子企业柔性制造系统的组织方式构建

以柔性制造为线索,对军工电子企业在生产组织方式上运用柔性制造思想整合企业的整个生产加工制造系统来获取竞争优势,进行分析、提炼和总结,为其他类似企业在生产组织方式的变革提供借鉴.     

实物期权理论的IT能力与企业绩效关系:时间节奏的中介作用

IT能力通过何种方式影响企业绩效一直是学术界和企业界关注的热点话题。已有相关研究对IT能力的探讨主要聚焦资源互补视角、体系惯例视角以及信息处理视角,且缺乏细致的分析。在回顾以往文献的基础上,从实物期权这一崭新理论视角讨论IT能力,同时,利用从珠三角地区采集的221家企业样本数据,使用LISREL8.70构建结构方程模型实证研究了IT能力(知识广度导向IT能力、知识深度导向IT能力)、时间节奏与企业绩效(创新绩效、财务绩效)的关系。研究结果表明,知识广度导向IT能力对企业绩效有显著正向影响;时间节奏在知识广度导向IT能力与企业绩效关系中起部分中介作用。研究结论以期为企业在使用IT促进企业绩效的过程中提供理论依据。     

资源基础理论视角下的先进制造技术创新与作用

先进制造技术的运用能力造成了企业竞争优势的显著差异,基础资源是企业竞争力的重要组成部分,经济实力的竞争,归根到底就是基础资源优势的竞争,运用基础资源理,将先进制造技术转化为企业的竞争优势,最终实现引领制造业逐步走出经济发展困境、促进社会经济全面发展的共同目标。     

精益实践对企业运营绩效的影响——内部整合的中介作用北大核心CSSCI

为研究精益实践、内部整合与企业运营绩效之间的关系,利用我国359家制造企业的数据,采用层次回归分析对假设进行验证,揭示了精益实践通过内部整合影响企业运营绩效的作用机理。研究结果表明:精益实践对质量、成本、交付、柔性四个维度的企业运营绩效均有显著的正向影响,信息维度及团队维度的内部整合在其中起到部分中介的作用。本研究丰富与完善了精益实践的研究,对企业开展精益实践具有一定的指导意义。     

精益实践对企业运营绩效的影响——内部整合的中介作用

为研究精益实践、内部整合与企业运营绩效之间的关系,利用我国359家制造企业的数据,采用层次回归分析对假设进行验证,揭示了精益实践通过内部整合影响企业运营绩效的作用机理。研究结果表明:精益实践对质量、成本、交付、柔性四个维度的企业运营绩效均有显著的正向影响,信息维度及团队维度的内部整合在其中起到部分中介的作用。本研究丰富与完善了精益实践的研究,对企业开展精益实践具有一定的指导意义。     

我国机械制造业的柔性制造策略研究

柔性制造是适应全球竞争与变化的商业环境的重要机械制造技术与理念。提高我国机械制造业的柔性制造技术,秉承柔性制造理念,才能更好地提高我国机械制造业竞争力和客户变化适应能力,在全球价值链与国际贸易中占据优势地位。本文介绍了柔性制造的相关概念和要求,研究了柔性制造在现代商业环境中相对于传统机械制造的优势和价值,并提出建立我国制造业柔性制造系统的具体对策,以期对我国机械制造业的发展提高有益的借鉴。     

高端装备制造企业效率及其与绩效关系的研究

为探究高端装备制造企业效率水平,及控制变量影响下效率与绩效的关系,采用DEA-Malmquist指数以及面板数据模型对沪市高端装备制造企业2008~2016年的数据进行了分析。研究发现：高端装备制造企业平均技术效率水平不高;规模效率变动水平较高,技术效率变动较低主要受纯技术效率变动较低的影响,技术变动呈现波动增长;企业纯技术效率、规模效率与企业绩效存在显著的正向联系,未能证实技术变动对绩效的正向显著影响。     

企业柔性:基于集成的观点

从集成的思想出发分析了柔性的内涵，认为企业柔性的目标是提高企业在动态环境条件下的整体竞争优势，柔性的基础是在更大范围内的协调优化与有效集成；从系统的角度将企业柔性分为市场柔性，研发柔性，制造柔性与组织柔性四个维度，对每个维度所包括的具体内容进行了分析；建立了企业柔性的概念模型，从整体的角度出发对企业的柔性的形式与作用机制进行了描述。     

Organizing a virtual manufacturing enterprise: an analytic network process based approach for enterprise flexibility

Virtual manufacturing is a dynamic enterprise structure that will enable future competitiveness in the fast changing business environment. This is made possible through quick IT based integration of flexible and core competent business entities capable of providing value-added product and services. Flexibility elements represent change capabilities of enterprise wide processes and resources in time and cost dimensions. Value chain considerations require synergy among the participating flexible resources. Also decision information synchronization delays need to be managed so that other entity flow processes in the enterprise remain well synchronized. This may require a capability of dynamic changes in flexible structures leading to effective virtual enterprises. There is a need to develop suitable enterprise architectures for virtual enterprises that offer an increasing focus on agility. Infrastructure support for integration of flexible capability to attain synergy among resources is necessary for enterprise agility. We conceptualize virtual manufacturing (VM) as an integrating infrastructure of flexible resources made possible through alliance of enterprises that are individually core competent in specific business function. Such a VM can attain the required cost, flexibility and responsiveness characteristics in its operations to provide solution to the demanding customer in a global dynamic market. Modelling frameworks depicting these composite flexibility states have complex and tacit interrelationship with plural business goals. Analytical network process (ANP) has been used to model the interrelationship of different decision domains with a view to prioritize enterprise wide flexibility dimensions. The ANP modelling framework takes into consideration the interdependency among sub-strategies. We demonstrate through sensitivity analysis that strategic shift is required to accommodate changes due to dynamic condition in the business environment.     

制造业信息化的内涵和策略

制造业信息化是我国"十五"发展规划的重点之一。文章首先阐述了信息化的发展趋势、目的和作用,指出信息化的根本目的是减少浪费和提高效益,使我国制造业更加具有竞争力。然后从企业的运作和业务流程的角度探讨了制造业信息化的内涵和主要内容,并就如何在中国制造企业实现信息化,包括它的策略和方法进行了讨论。     

An impact of manufacturing flexibility and technological dimensions of manufacturing strategy on improving supply chain responsiveness: Business environment perspective

The main objective of this research is to investigate the impact of manufacturing flexibility and technological dimensions of manufacturing strategy on responsiveness in the supply chain. Based on the theoretical background of dynamic capability, this study also examines the role of the business environment on the relationship between manufacturing flexibility and supply chain responsiveness. 144 structured surveys were collected and the partial least squares of structural equation modelling approach were utilised for data analysis. The result establishes relationships among various dimensions of manufacturing flexibility. Although the technological dimensions in manufacturing strategy of such advanced manufacturing technology (AMT) and e-procurement do not have any direct impact on new product and market flexibility, they increase supply chain responsiveness, which helps to react quickly against supply chain disruptions. More importantly, the business environment has a moderating effect on the relationship between market flexibility and supply chain responsiveness.     

Cumulative manufacturing capabilities: an extended model and new empirical evidence

There has been intense debate in the manufacturing strategy literature on the way in which firms work on different manufacturing capabilities, with two opposing approaches considered – the trade-off model and the sand cone model. Analysis of these models has essentially been based on study of the links amongst four classic manufacturing capabilities (quality, delivery, flexibility, and cost efficiency) and has obviated the need to consider environmental protection as an important manufacturing capability. This study analyses the theoretical arguments and the prior empirical evidence on the two models, and proposes and tests an extended sand cone model which includes the environmental protection objective alongside the four traditional ones. The research uses structural equation modelling and data from a sample of 274 manufacturers to contribute additional empirical evidence on the existence of cumulative effects amongst manufacturing capabilities. It is observed that the predominant strategic model in these firms is one of multiple, non-incompatible capabilities with cumulative effects according to the following sequence: quality, delivery, flexibility, environmental protection, and cost efficiency.     

面向云制造服务的制造资源优化配置研究

为了降低云端制造服务成本,解决云制造环境下无需求偏好的制造资源优化配置的难题,充分考虑制造资源需求企业和云平台运营方的利益以及双方在制造资源配置服务过程中涉及到的服务质量（quality of sevice,QoS）因素和柔性因素,构建了云环境下代表制造资源需求企业和云平台运营方利益的多目标优化资源配置模型,并基于改进NSGA-Ⅱ算法对模型算例进行了求解,计算结果表明了该模型和算法的可行性、有效性和稳定性。     

A review on manufacturing flexibility

Flexibility has become one of the most useful and necessary tool in today’s competitive markets. Manufacturing flexibility is widely recognised as a critical component to achieving a competitive advantage in the market place. It is one of the most sought after properties for manufacturing enterprises and has aroused considerable interest among researchers and professionals. This paper presents a review of various issues related with manufacturing flexibility specifically concept, need, dimensions, measurement, relationship among various dimensions, implementation aspect in a company and management of manufacturing flexibility and its aim to contribute to the conceptual systemisation of the material.     

Strategic alliance formation and the effects on the performance of manufacturing enterprises from supply chain perspective

This study examines the antecedents of strategic alliance formation in manufacturing firms in China, the alliance effect on innovation capability and dyadic quality performance, and how these two organisational capabilities are related to the supply chain performance of Chinese manufacturing enterprises in Shanghai. We perform a series of statistical techniques including logistic regression analysis, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and multiple regression analysis for assessing the hypothesised relationships. Our findings indicate that relational stability and effective communication are significant antecedent factors influencing strategic alliance formation among Chinese manufacturing enterprises. Such alliance formation is found to benefit innovation capability and dyadic quality performance, which are significant contributors to the supply chain performance of Chinese manufacturers. We provide important theoretical and practical implications on these antecedents and consequences of strategic alliance formation leading to supply chain performance in the Chinese manufacturing context.     

制造企业竞争要素的问卷调查分析

在构建竞争要素指标体系的基础上,对我国制造企业进行了问卷调查.调查结果表明,我国制造企业对竞争要素重要性排序是:质量、成本、交货、柔性与创新,但不同行业对竞争要素的重要性排序各有差异,从而为我国企业制定制造战略与制造资源组织模式的构建提供了决策依据.     

IT investments and business performance improvement: the mediating role of lean manufacturing implementation

The main purpose of this study is to examine whether the application of current information technology (IT) and different principles of lean manufacturing (LM) are interdependent and complimentary or they are mutually exclusive. This study draws on the so-called IT-enabled organisational capabilities perspective to study the relationships between IT, LM and business performance improvement. Using a questionnaire-based survey, the data come from 231 leading Iranian and Malaysian auto-part manufacturers. The findings suggest that LM and IT are mutually interdependent and value of IT investments can be effectively transformed into business performance improvement for auto-part manufacturers through the higher levels of lean manufacturing system (LMS) implementation. Advanced manufacturing technology (AMT) competency is a valuable intermediate capability which links IT investments into LMS implementation. It was found that IT investment is one of the minimum requirements of LMS implementation for surveyed business, and the value of IT investment is truly transformed to LMS implementation when IT investments offer competent administrative AMTs to effectively manage all production processes. Findings also recommend that managers should avoid isolating the performance metrics only on areas such as net financial measures, while assessing the business value of IT and LM.     

云制造模式下多服务组合结构的资源分配

云制造环境下，如何提高平台型企业分配资源的效率，解决多种服务组合结构中同时出现的复杂制造任务问题亟待解决。本文综合权衡平台和需求方的利益，建立了需求方服务质量指标和平台柔性指标的多属性评价方法，构建了资源分配的双层结构优化决策模型，设计了求解稳定分配方案的算法，并论证了云制造平台供应链的Pareto最优性。最后，通过算例验证整个分配机制的可行性和有效性。