面向电动汽车租赁的多目标服务组合优化设计

电动汽车租赁行业迅速发展。为满足消费者和企业的综合需求,研究了面向电动汽车租赁的多目标服务组合优化设计方法。借助模糊理论确定各服务项权重,引入失望理论描述顾客的欣喜与失望感知以计算感知绩效,建立方案成本、相容度、市场竞争指数的计算方法,最终提出顾客感知绩效最大、成本最低、方案相容最优、市场竞争力最大的电动汽车租赁多目标服务组合优化设计模型。通过一种面向多阶段的多目标权重确定法对不同阶段的多目标决策设定权重。最后,通过实际项目案例对模型进行有效性验证,针对推广市场的不同阶段分别制定服务组合套餐,目标优化结果显著,为电动汽车租赁企业在服务设计方面提供了科学有效的决策方法。     

基于多生物效应的功能组合产品设计方法研究

功能组合产品是创新产品的一类重要形式,为提高功能组合产品设计的可行性和创新性,提出基于多生物效应的功能组合产品设计方法.首先研究生物原型功能实现的多种因素组合及转化机理,抽取多生物效应来构建多生物效应知识库;其次分析多生物效应模型归纳功能组合基本模式,融合TRIZ方法建立了基于多生物效应的产品功能组合设计过程模型,以生物功能协同实现模式指导产品功能组合设计;最后应用该方法完成湿热地区淡水收集帐篷的设计.研究表明,该功能组合产品设计方法较好地满足了用户对产品的多种需求,具有一定有效性与可行性.     

基于系统设计思维理念下的交互产品设计研究

目的针对交互设计师在构建交互产品设计时的系统性思维,以用户体验、服务设计理念上的交互产品设计模型为研究对象,创造和优化交互产品设计模式。方法以博物馆交互产品设计为实验样本,基于系统设计思维理念,将交互产品设计置于用户体验、服务设计理念、情景设计理念分析中,阐释基于系统思维的交互产品情感化特征,包括用户情感需求和产品服务生态系统,以及心智模型与概念模型的关系和视觉系统呈现,阐释产品交互界面的数据动态可视化、虚拟现实的游戏化、服务式设计等方式。结论探索了用户体验、服务设计理念在交互产品设计中的应用,提出了"目标—建模—行为—体验"的综合层级的系统模式,有利于满足产品经理和交互设计师开展交互产品设计的需求,提升用户体验和交互产品的优化设计,在系统设计思维理论下,优化了交互产品设计感知行为、情感体验行为,实现了引导转换和系统改良,提升了设计策略的时效性。     

基于多目标和聚类的产品功能疲劳健壮性分析

研究了产品功能疲劳问题中产品功能组合的健壮性分析问题,提出了基于NSGA-Ⅱ和客户聚类的综合分析方法.具体包括建立了基于NSGA-Ⅱ算法的产品功能疲劳问题的多目标优化模型,并利用K-Means算法对客户评价数据进行了聚类分析,然后结合多目标模型和聚类结果进行健壮性分析,为产品开发人员选择健壮性的产品功能组合提供决策支持.最后通过智能手机产品的实际案例说明了所提出方法的有效性.     

基于游客感知服务质量的多目标旅游产品优化设计

旅游产品的优化设计问题是当今旅游企业运营管理中最重要的内容之一。从游客感知服务质量的角度针对旅游服务的六大要素以及实现要素的备选方案进行研究。通过引入期望服务质量和实际感知服务质量概念,提出了游客满意度最大、优化设计成本最小和旅游景区生态环境最优的单目标旅游产品优化设计模型,并且分析目标之间的权重,最终确定多目标的旅游产品优化设计模型。最后,通过一个亲子游产品优化设计的实际案例,对多目标模型的有效性进行了验证,为旅游服务企业在旅游产品设计方面提供更加可行的决策。     

多学科集成下的老年智能产品设计研究

目的 基于多学科集成理论,分析老年智能产品设计现状,在了解老年用户群体对产品需求的基础上,进行设计实践创新方法研究。方法 通过阐明多学科集成方法中系统化、框架化、协同化、优化算法等理论,针对使用者、设计者双方进行分析,寻找出产品设计过程中存在的问题,在服务设计原则和多学科集成的理论支持下,进而推导出设计思路和方法。 结论 提出老年智能产品设计的基础是用户的操作体验和特定需求,设计过程涉及多学科、多目标;以“多目标实现”“多学科综合系统模型”“新技术融合”等应用实例,解释了如何解决产品设计过程中,由于用户需求复杂所产生的计算复杂性和选择复杂性等问题,优化了设计框架,归纳了设计信息,提升了设计过程的合理性、高效性和准确性。     

基于形状文法的产品形态创新设计研究与实践

为了更好地继承本族群及参考产品的优势设计特征,增强产品形态设计推敲阶段的客观性和科学性,更好满足用户需求,提出基于形状文法的产品形态创新设计方法和模型.此法结合目标产品形态特征,分别从产品族群与可参考产品中提取能够反映用户需求的形态要素,然后应用形状文化规则进行演变推理,以实现产品设计方案自适应进化.并在此基础上,详细探讨了产品研究与形态分析、形态推演、方案生成等关键技术,最后结合具体的某款电动踏板车形态设计过程对该方法进行了说明和验证.     

基于对象的分布式设计问题建模

分布式设计技术是当前CAD技术的一个重要研究方向。为了实现分布式设计过程中信息的有效共享和协作,论文建立了支持分布式产品设计的协同工作环境,给出的系统体系模型为包含中间件的多层体系结构,可为多学科与多目标设计问题集成专用数模,目的是提供快速构造集成化产品设计模型、提高产品设计质量和缩短产品研制周期。论文对基于对象的分布式设计问题建模方法与应用进行了研究。     

应用于智慧物流服务的无人驾驶车产品设计

目的 探讨在人工智能、大数据、万物互联网络等技术支撑条件之下的,应用于智慧物流场景的无人驾驶车产品设计方法.方法 在智慧物流技术架构的基础上构建以无人驾驶车驱动的智慧物流服务技术架构,分析无人驾驶车作为服务媒介和服务参与者构建的物流服务场景以及无人驾驶车的行为和目的,在此基础上进行无人驾驶车产品设计.结果 无人驾驶车产品设计的主要任务是功能设计和表征设计.通过视图模型构建无人驾驶车的功能、内容和通道逻辑关系模型,使用参数化产品设计方法进行无人驾驶车表征设计.结论 本研究为在其他服务场景中的无人驾驶车产品设计提供了设计理论和方法参考,启发以无人驾驶车为媒介的智能产品服务系统设计理论与实践研究.     

支持服务关联的全局最优服务选择算法

针对面向服务的军事综合电子信息系统候选服务的服务质量往往依赖于其他候选服务的问题,提出了一种支持服务关联的全局最优服务选择方法.该方法将基于QoS的军事信息服务选择问题建模为带QoS约束的多目标组合优化问题,采用基于独立成分分析(ICA)的多目标分布估计算法同时优化多个目标函数,最终产生一组满足约束条件的Pareto最优解服务组合集.对比实验结果表明,基于ICA的多目标分布估计算法通过概率图模型可以描述服务间的相互关系,可以更好地解决存在服务关联的组合服务选择问题,具有良好的有效性和可行性.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.