复合型Si光电发射材料

采用碱锑化合物的镀制与铯氧激活可制备复合型Ｓｉ光电发射材料（Ｓｉ－Ｎａ＿２Ｓｂ－Ｃｓ）－Ｏ－Ｃｓ，（Ｓｉ－Ｋ＿３Ｓｂ－Ｃｓ）－Ｏ－Ｃｓ，（Ｓｉ－Ｃｓ＿３Ｓｂ－·Ｃｓ）－Ｏ－Ｃｓ和（Ｓｉ－Ｎａ＿２ＫＳｂ－Ｃｓ）－Ｏ－Ｃｓ，其最高灵敏度分别可达９５０，１０５０，１５０和２０００μＡ／１ｍ，其最低逸出功分别已达１．０，０．９，０．８５和０．９ｅＶ。比较了复合型Ｓｉ光电发射材料与Ｓｉ和Ｎａ＿２ＫＳｂ（Ｃｓ）光电材料的一些性能参数，提出了复合型Ｓｉ光电材料的表面原子模型；讨论了复合型Ｓ光电材料的光电发射过程并分析了碱锑过渡层的作用。     

弱碱存在下多苯基取代联苯双酚/二氟二苯酮聚合反应机理的研究

以最新研制的多苯基取代联苯双酚和二氟二苯酮为单体,在 Ｎａ２ Ｃ Ｏ３／ Ｋ Ｆ（或 Ｎａ２ Ｃ Ｏ３／ Ｋ２ Ｃ Ｏ３）存在下,合成了多苯基取代联苯型聚醚酮。考察了不同 Ｋ／ Ｎａ 比值条件下聚合物粘度与时间的关系。结果表明,聚合反应速度随 Ｋ／ Ｎａ 比值增加而加快。基于以上研究结果,提出了 Ｎａ２ Ｃ Ｏ３ ／ Ｋ Ｆ（或 Ｎａ２ Ｃ Ｏ３ ／ Ｋ２ Ｃ Ｏ３ ）存在下多苯基取代联苯双酚与二氟二苯酮的聚合反应机理。     

ABS塑料镀金工艺的改进

１　ＡＢＳ塑料的表面金属化以化学法在塑料件表面上形成与基体有一定结合能力的金属层。步骤如下：（１）化学涂油　ＮａＯＨ　４０～５０ｇ／Ｌ;Ｎａ２ＣＯ３　１５～２０ｇ／Ｌ;Ｎａ３ＰＯ４　１５～２０ｇ／Ｌ;表面活性剂　３～５ｍｌ／Ｌ;温度　５０～６０℃;时间　１５～２０ｍｉｎ。（２）化学粗化　ＣｒＯ３　３５０～４００ｇ／Ｌ;Ｈ２ＳＯ４　３８０～４００ｇ／Ｌ;温度　５０～６０℃;时间　２０～３０ｍｉｎ。（３）敏化、活化溶液　采用的胶体钯活化液,ＰａＣｌ２　０．８～１．０ｇ／Ｌ;ＳｎＣｌ２·２Ｈ２Ｏ　５０…     

SiC晶须增韧Al_2O_3及ZrO_2（Y_2O_3）基陶瓷复合材料的抗热震行

采用三点弯曲及扫描电镜等方法研究了ＳｉＣｗ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＳｉＣｗ／ＺｒＯ３（Ｙ２Ｏ３）及ＳｉＣｗ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＺｒＯ２（Ｙ２Ｏ３）陶瓷复合材料的抗热震性．结果表现ＳｉＣｗ的加入使Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＺｒＯ２（Ｙ２Ｏ３）以及Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＺｒＯ２（Ｙ２Ｏ３）基体的抗热震性显著提高，Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷基复合材料的抗热震性明显优于ＺｒＯ２（Ｙ２Ｏ３）陶瓷基复复合材料．同时发现在Ａｌ２Ｏ３十ＳｉＣｗ材料基础上再加入少量ＺｒＯ２（２Ｙ）颗粒（１０Ｖｏ１％），也可进一步提高Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＳｉＣｗ材料的抗热震性．     

Al2O3-Na2O-CaO-SrO系统富Al2O3区域固态反应的研究

用理学Ｘ射线衍射仪、ＴＧ－ＤＴＡ、ＩＲ－４４０ 红外光谱研究了Ａｌ２Ｏ３－Ｎａ２ Ｏ－ＣａＯ－ＳｒＯ系统富Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 区域固态反应。实验结果表明,煅烧过程固态反应的最终物相组成为Ｎａ２Ｏ·１１Ａｌ２Ｏ３,ＣａＯ·６Ａｌ２Ｏ３ ,ＳｒＯ·６Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 与α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 共存     

添加Al_2O_3对SiC板粒／Y－TZP复合材料力学性能的影响

本文以ＳｉＣ板粒、ＺｒＯＣｌ２－８Ｈ２Ｏ、ＡｌＣｌ３和Ｙ（ＭＯ）３为原料，利用共沉淀和热压烧结工艺，制备ＳｉＣ板粒／Ｙ－ＴＺＰ和（含Ａｌ２Ｏ３）ＳｉＣ板粒／Ｙ－ＴＺＰ复合材料．测试了材料的室温和高温力学性能．研究了添加Ａｌ２Ｏ３对ＳｉＣ板粒／Ｙ－ＴＺＯ复合材料的影响．结果表明，ＳｉＣ板粒／Ｙ－ＴＺＰ复合材料与Ｙ－ＴＺＰ陶瓷相比，其室温强度和韧性出现明显下降，高温强度也没有改善；而在ＳｉＣ板粒与Ｙ－ＴＺＰ复合的基础上，添加Ａｌ２Ｏ３可明显提高材料的强度和断裂韧性，同时，材料的高温强度也获得显著改善．     

气相色谱法研究碳在氧阴极过程中的腐蚀

用气相色谱法研究和为氧阴极的碳材料在Ｎａ２Ｂ４Ｏ７和Ｎａ２Ｂ４Ｏ７－Ｎａ２ＣＯ３介质中腐蚀,结果表明,在较负电位下（－０．４－０．５Ｖ,０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＮａＯＨ）,检出ＣＯ和Ｃ瑟空白相同,说明碳腐蚀主要由电化学作用所致。     

SiC晶须增韧Al2O3及ZrO2（Y2O3）基陶瓷复合材料的抗热震行为

采用三点弯曲及扫描电镜等方法研究了ＳｉＣｗ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３，ＳｉＣｗ／ＺｒＯ２）及ＳｉＣｗ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＺｒＯ２（Ｙ２Ｏ３）陶瓷复合材料的抗热震性。结果表明ＳｉＣｗ的加入使Ａｌ２Ｏ３，ＺｒＯ２（Ｙ２Ｏ３）以及Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＺｒＯ２（Ｙ２Ｏ３）基体的抗热震性显著提高，Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷基复合材料的抗热震性明显优于ＺｒＯ２（Ｙ２Ｏ３）陶瓷基复合材料。同时发现在Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＳｉＣｗ材料基础上再加入少量ＺｒＯ２９２     

添加Al2O3对SiC板粒／Y—TZP复合材料力学性能的影响

本以ＳｉＣ板粒、ＺｒＯＣｌ２·８Ｈ２Ｏ、ＡｌＣｌ３和Ｙ（ＭＯ）３为原料，利用共沉淀和热压烧结工艺，制备ＳｉＣ板粒／Ｙ－ＴＺＰ和（含Ａｌ２Ｏ３）ＳｉＣ板粒／Ｙ－ＴＺＰ复合材料。测试了材料的室温和高温力学性能。研究了添加Ａｌ２Ｏ３对ＳｉＣ板粒／Ｙ－ＴＺＯ复合材料的影响。结果表明，ＳｉＣ板粒／Ｙ－ＴＺＰ复合材料与Ｙ－ＴＺＰ复合材料与Ｙ－ＴＺＰ陶瓷相比，其室温强度和韧性出现明显下降，高温强度也没有改善；     

核壳结构型纳米CaCO3-SiO2.nH2O复合粒子的制备

在搅拌槽式反应器中,以用超重力法合成的纳米 ＣａＣＯ３和 Ｎａ２ＳｉＯ３为原料,用溶胶－凝胶技术制备具有核壳结构的纳米 ＣａＣＯ３－ＳｉＯ２·ｎＨ２Ｏ复合粒子　用 ＸＰＳ、 ＴＥＭ、 ＸＲＤ等方法对粒子的化学组成、形貌、晶型等作了分析和表征     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.