纳米电刷镀In层真空辐照环境下摩擦学性能研究

采用纳米电刷镀技术在(n-Al2O3/Ni)工作层上制备了In涂层,利用扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪观察和分析了In涂层在大气、真空、原子氧辐照、紫外线辐照后的表面、磨痕形貌及元素组成.利用真空摩擦磨损试验机分别完成了干摩擦条件下大气、真空、原子氧辐照及紫外线辐照四种环境下的摩擦磨损性能测试.结果表明:金属铟在常态下具有良好...     

空间部件表面Ti/MoS_2润滑涂层性能研究

采用中频非平衡反应磁控溅射法分别在单晶硅P(111)及钛合金基材表面制备了Ti/MoS_2复合涂层。采用原子氧辐照模拟装置考察涂层在原子氧辐照环境的抗氧化性能。利用高真空摩擦试验机分析涂层在原子氧辐照前后的摩擦学性能,并探讨了Ti掺杂对涂层的结构和摩擦学性能的影响。结果表明:Ti/MoS_2复合涂层结构致密,涂层(002)的晶粒取向使其具有低的摩擦系数。Ti元素掺杂提高了涂层的抗氧化性,摩擦产物较少使其在真空环境和原子氧辐照环境下具有优异的耐磨性能。将其用在空间部件表面可显著提高部件抗氧化能力及摩擦磨损性能,从而提高部件空间使用寿命。     

SiO_2对MoS_2/酚醛环氧树脂涂层原子氧辐照前后组成与性能的影响

为了有效降低低轨道原子氧辐照对黏结固体润滑涂层摩擦学性能的影响,满足航天器机械运动机构对空间润滑材料高可靠、长寿命的要求,在MoS_2/酚醛环氧树脂涂层中添加六甲基二硅胺烷修饰的SiO_2,制备了复合涂层,并用原子氧地面模拟装置进行辐照.分别采用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、CSM摩擦磨损试验及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了涂层原子氧辐照前后的化学组成、摩擦磨损性能及磨痕形貌.结果表明:添加SiO_2在一定程度上提高了MoS_2/酚醛环氧树脂涂层的抗原子氧剥蚀和摩擦磨损性能;添加2%SiO_2的涂层在原子氧辐照前后摩擦系数最低,耐磨性能最佳;当SiO_2添加量为1%时,涂层辐照前后的耐磨寿命最长.     

溶胶-凝胶FeS涂层的表征与减摩行为研究

通过溶胶-凝胶法在45^#钢基体上制备了厚约500μm的FeS固体润滑涂层.摩擦 磨损试验结果表明,FeS固体润滑涂层具有良好的减摩效果和耐磨性能.由于涂层较厚,摩擦 行为只发生在涂层内部,很好地保护了基体不被磨损.利用XRD检验了涂层的相结构,通过 SEM+EDX观察分析了涂层在表面的磨痕形貌及能谱分布.     

环境压强对电刷镀In/Ni固体润滑涂层摩擦学性能的影响

为了探索软金属铟在真空环境中的润滑性能,用电刷镀技术在45#钢表面制备了In/Ni复合固体润滑涂层,并对比研究了该复合镀层在大气环境、低真空环境和高真空环境下的摩擦学性能和磨损机制。结果表明,In/Ni镀层具有良好的减摩和抗磨性能,随着环境压强的降低,In/Ni镀层的摩擦学性能明显提高,镀层的磨损机制主要为粘着磨损和疲劳磨损。分析认为,不同环境压强下镀层摩擦学性能的差异,主要与镀层的氧化和软化有关。     

Ti-6AI-4V合金在模拟空间环境下的摩擦学性能

为了明确Ti-6A1—4V合金在空间环境下的摩擦磨损失效行为,本文利用中科院兰州化学物理研究所自主研发的空间摩擦学试验系统对Ti-6A1—4V在三种模拟空间环境（高真空、原子氧和紫外辐照）下的摩擦磨损性能进行了系统的研究。采用SEM和EDS对磨损后Ti-6A1—4V和对偶GCrl5钢球的形貌和元素面分布进行了分析,揭示了Ti-6A1—4V在模拟空间环境下摩擦磨损失效机理。用XPS分析Ti-6A1—4V在原子氧辐照后表面元素价态的变化。结果表明：Ti-6A1—4V在大气条件下的摩擦磨损机理为磨粒磨损和粘着磨损;在高真空、原子氧和紫外辐照模拟空间环境下的磨损机理为较严重的粘着磨损、磨粒磨损和塑性变形;相比于大气条件下,Ti-6A1—4V在高真空、原子氧和紫外辐照条件下的粘着磨损加剧,摩擦因数增加;Ti-6A1—4V在原子氧辐照后表面发生了氧化。     

钴基合金-碳化钨复合涂层耐磨抗蚀性能研究

采用真空熔烧法制得钴基合金-碳化钨复合涂层.应用盘销式摩擦磨损试验机对不同碳化钨含量的复合涂层和淬火态45#钢进行了磨损试验.借助自设计振动装置,在10%HCl溶液及10%NaOH溶液中进行了室温全浸泡振动腐蚀试验.试验结果表明,复合涂层的耐磨性显著高于淬火钢,且其耐磨性随碳化钨含量的增加而提高,复合涂层在腐蚀液中耐蚀性也远高于45#钢.     

不同钢种离子渗硫层的抗擦伤性能研究

为改善高速钢，模具钢和45钢的抗擦伤性能，采用低温离子渗硫技术在这三种材料表面生成了FeS固体润滑渗硫层，在QP-100球盘式摩擦磨损试验机上对比研究了这三种材料渗硫层在油润滑条件下的抗擦伤及摩擦学性能。利用SEM与XRD观察分析了渗硫层截面，擦伤面形貌及表面相结构，利用AES及XPS分析了擦伤表面元素沿深度的分布及边界润滑膜化合物的价态，研究表明，渗硫后三种材料的抗擦伤及摩擦学性能都有明显改善，其中渗硫高速钢的抗擦伤性最好。其后依次为渗硫模具钢，渗硫45钢，分析认为，不同钢种渗硫层抗擦伤性能的差异主要由基体硬度，组织结构及耐蚀性三方面决定。     

牛血清环境下等离子喷涂ZrO_2增强羟基磷灰石涂层的摩擦磨损性能

为了研究ZrO_2增强羟基磷灰石(HA)复合涂层在牛血清润滑环境下的摩擦磨损性能,首先,采用等离子喷涂技术在钛合金基体上制备了ZrO_2含量分别为0、15wt%和30wt%的HA生物陶瓷涂层;然后,分析了ZrO_2/HA复合涂层的物相成分和结合强度;最后,采用UMT-3销盘摩擦试验机研究了ZrO_2/HA复合涂层在牛血清润滑环境下的摩擦磨损性能,观察涂层磨损表面微观形貌并分析了磨损机制。结果表明:HA涂层的主要物相为HA,15wt%ZrO_2/HA复合涂层和30wt%ZrO_2/HA复合涂层中的ZrO_2以立方相形式存在,并且衍射峰强度高于HA的。随着ZrO_2含量增大,涂层的结合强度明显增大。ZrO_2/HA复合涂层与纯HA涂层相比,有更好的耐磨性和更低的摩擦系数。纯HA涂层的磨损机制以犁沟效应和磨粒磨损为主,而15wt%ZrO_2/HA复合涂层和30wt%ZrO_2/HA复合涂层的磨损机制为脆性剥落磨损。     

表面改性海泡石纳米纤维作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学行为

利用机械化学湿法表面改性工艺对海泡石矿物粉体进行了表面有机包覆和细化处理,得到了在润滑油中具有良好分散稳定性的纳米尺度的海泡石短纤维.借助往复式滑动磨损试验机,以GCr15/45#钢为摩擦副,考察了表面改性海泡石作为500SN矿物基础油添加剂的摩擦学行为.利用扫描电子显微镜、能量色散谱仪、X射线光电子能谱仪和纳米压痕仪分析了磨损表面的形貌、成分及纳米力学性能,揭示了表面改性海泡石添加剂的减摩润滑机理.结果表明,表面改性海泡石在不同载荷与频率下均表现出良好的抗磨减摩性能,当载荷为100 N、频率为20 Hz时,摩擦因数和45#钢磨损体积的降幅分别达到69.5％和71.7％.润滑油中部分海泡石粉体直接参与了金属表面复杂的化学反应,形成了由金属氧化物、氧化物陶瓷和石墨等组成的复合摩擦表面膜,该表面膜的形成与海泡石层链状结构及海泡石在不同摩擦条件下解理释氧、晶体结构破坏、活性基团重组密切相关.     

等离子喷涂工艺参数对FeCrBSi合金涂层结合强度的影响

采用等离子喷涂工艺在Q235钢基体上直接制备了FeCrBSi合金涂层,使用正交试验法研究了喷涂工艺参数对涂层结合强度的影响,并对喷涂工艺参数进行了优化,同时在优化参数的基础上进一步研究了涂层厚度对结合强度的影响。结果表明：等离子喷涂制备FeCrBSi合金涂层的最佳工艺参数为喷涂电流900A,主气流量44．8L·min-1,辅气流量27．8L·min-1,喷涂距离110mm;采用最佳工艺制备的涂层与基体的结合强度为18．2MPa,内聚强度为33．5MPa;随着涂层厚度的增加,涂层与基体的结合强度明显下降,而涂层的内聚强度先上升后下降,较佳的涂层厚度为347．2μm。     

A post-growth processing methodology to achieve barium strontium titanate thin films with low dielectric loss and high tunability for reconfigurable tunable devices

Ba_0.60Sr_0.40TiO₃ (BST) thin films, grown via RF-sputtering and the metalorganic solution deposition (MOSD) techniques, were post-growth annealed via conventional thermal annealing (CTA) and UV-photon irradiation annealing. With respect to the conventional thermal annealed films the UV-photon irradiation annealed films possessed improved structural properties and dielectric response. The optimization of the UV-photon irradiation annealing process parameters (using RF-sputtered BST films) was achieved via a detailed set of iso-thermal/chronal annealing experiments. The optimized UV-process parameters, applied to MOSD synthesized BST films revealed further enhanced dielectric response, i.e., 23% reduction in tan δ with sustained tunability of 42%. The improvements in the material properties of the UV-photon irradiation annealed BST thin films are attributed to stoichiometry and structural changes enabled through the UV-photon irradiation annealing process.     

Photoinduced hydrophobic surface of graphene oxide thin films

Graphene oxide (GO) thin films were deposited on transparent conducting oxide substrates and glass slides by spin coating method at room temperature. The wettability of GO thin films before and after ultraviolet (UV) irradiation was characterized with water contact angles, which increased from 27.3° to 57.6° after 3 h of irradiation, indicating a photo-induced hydrophobic surface. The UV-vis absorption spectra, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and conductivity measurements of GO films before and after UV irradiation were taken to study the mechanism of photoinduced hydrophobic surface of GO thin films. It is demonstrated that the photoinduced hydrophobic surface is ascribed to the elimination of oxygen-containing functional groups on GO molecules. This work provides a simple strategy to control the wettability properties of GO thin films by UV irradiation.     

Effects of electron beam irradiation on tin dioxide gas sensors

In this paper, the effects of electron beam irradiation on the gas sensing performance of tin dioxide thin films toward H₂ are studied. The tin dioxide thin films were prepared by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis. The results show that the sensitivity increased after electron beam irradiation. The electron beam irradiation effects on tin dioxide thin films were simulated and the mechanism was discussed.     

在线紫外辐照辅助沉积柔性ITO薄膜的研究

显示技术正朝着柔性化、超薄化方向发展,低温制备柔性ITO薄膜已经成为一大趋势.本文在射频磁控溅射过程中,引入在线紫外辐照,室温条件下在有机衬底上制备柔性ITO薄膜的工艺,其最低方块电阻为5Ω,电阻率为2.5×10 -4Ω·cm,透光率为92%,远远优于未采用紫外辐照制备的柔性ITO薄膜.我们用四探针测试仪、分光光度计、原子力显微镜、X射线衍射仪等测试仪器,对未采用和采用在线紫外辐照制备的薄膜进行测试,分析探讨了紫外线辐照对薄膜的光电性能、表面形貌和生长取向的影响.研究结果表明:在紫外线的照射下,ITO薄膜表面形貌得到改善,晶界缺陷减少,生长更均匀,致密度更好,在降低薄膜电阻率的同时,提高了薄膜在可见光区的透射率,在紫外辐照下,ITO薄膜更趋于〈222〉的择优取向,且平均晶粒尺寸变大,结晶度提高,宏观表现为薄膜的电阻率降低.     

改性纳米二氧化钛光催化降解聚乙烯薄膜的研究

以硬脂酸钠改性的纳米TiO2为光催化剂,与LDPE树脂制备了nano-TiO2/PE复合薄膜.研究了该薄膜在紫外光照射条件下的降解性能,并进行了SEM、FI-IR、VHX-100数码显微镜等分析,测试了薄膜经辐照前后的力学性能、质量变化和分子量变化.研究结果表明,该薄膜在紫外光照射下降解性能明显提高,薄膜在40W、254nm的紫外光照射120h后,粘均分子量(Mη)降低27.1%,拉伸强度降低49.1%,断裂伸长率降低91.3%;照射144h后质量损失达16%(质量分数);辐照后薄膜的羰基含量升高.     

空间防静电薄膜的制备及耐辐照性能研究

利用射频磁控溅射工艺制备了ITO防静电薄膜。研究了辐照试验前后ITO样品的光电性能变化,并用XPS和AFM对其组分及表面形貌变化进行了分析。结果表明,辐照后ITO薄膜的光学透过率变化不大;表面电阻有一定增加,但幅度不大,完全可以满足防静电的要求。     

Preparation of self-assembled zinc oxide nanoparticles multilayer films under ultrasonic irradiation

Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized and self-assembled on the reactive surface of a glass slide functionalized with (3-mercaptopropyl)-trimethoxysilane under ultrasonic irradiation. The structure, morphology, and optical property of the zinc oxide nanoparticles were investigated by TEM, XRD, and UV-vis spectroscopy. The functionalized glass slide was soaked in an aqueous solution which dispersed zinc oxide nanoparticles under ultrasonic irradiation. Zinc oxide multilayer films grew up to several layers (up to 5 layers) depending on the immersion time. The self-assembled zinc oxide nanoparticles multilayer films were characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy and SEM. Ultrasonic irradiation was an efficient method to make multilayer films on the functionalized glass slide with zinc oxide nanoparticles.     

质子辐照对Yb掺杂ZnO稀磁半导体薄膜缺陷与磁性的影响

采用电感耦合等离子体增强物理气相沉积法制备了Yb掺杂ZnO薄膜, 并采用不同剂量质子对薄膜进行了辐照实验, 重点采用X射线衍射、光电子能谱、正电子湮灭图谱和磁测量系统对Zn_0.985Yb_0.015O薄膜的缺陷和磁性能进行了研究。磁性测试结果表明: Zn_0.985Yb_0.015O薄膜经质子辐照后其饱和磁化强度随辐照剂量的增加逐渐增大, 当辐照剂量为6 × 10¹⁵ ions/cm²时, 其饱和磁化强度达到最大, 随着辐照剂量的进一步增加, 其饱和磁化强度反而变小。正电子湮灭图谱结果显示薄膜中主要存在锌空位相关的缺陷, 并且锌空位相关的缺陷随辐照剂量的变化与饱和磁化强度随辐照剂量的变化相一致。本研究从实验上揭示了在含有各种缺陷的Yb掺杂ZnO薄膜中, 锌空位缺陷是影响质子辐照Zn_0.985Yb_0.015O薄膜磁性的主要原因。     

Effects of laser irradiation on the structure and optical properties of ZnO thin films

The effects of laser irradiation on the surface microstructure and optical properties of ZnO films deposited on glass substrates were investigated experimentally and compared with those of thermal annealing. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements showed that the irradiation treatment with an Ar⁺ laser of 514 nm for 5 min improves the crystalline quality of ZnO thin films through increasing the grain size and enhancing the c-axis orientation, with the effects similar to those of the thermal annealing at 500 °C for 1 h. Laser irradiation was found to be more effective both for the relaxation of the residual compressive stress in the as-grown films and for the modification of the surface morphology. A significant increase in the UV absorption and a widening in the optical band-gap of the films were also observed after laser irradiation.