水包油(O/W)型乳液静电纺丝

将不同质量的聚氧乙烯(PEO)加入到由乳液聚合而得到的均匀的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)/水乳液中,制备了稳定、质量分数分别为10%、15%、20%的PEO/乳液,并将其作为纺丝液进行静电纺丝。通过纳米粒径分析仪、粘度计、溶液电导率测试仪分析了纺丝液的性质;应用电子显微镜(SEM)分析了纺丝液浓度、纺丝电压、丝液流速对纤维形貌的影响。结果表明,采用乳液静电纺丝法可以制备具有芯-鞘结构的纳米颗粒及纳米纤维。     

超声波振动在静电纺丝技术中的应用

使用自行设计的振动静电纺丝设备分别对聚丙烯腈（PAN）和聚氧乙烯（PEO）进行了振动纺丝实验，实验结果表明，使用具有振动力场作用的静电纺丝设备，对于普通静电纺丝可以纺的溶液，纺出的纤维直径明显降低；对于粘度过高普通静电纺不能纺丝的聚合物溶液，可以进行纺丝。     

静电纺丝制备聚乙烯醇/再生柞蚕丝素蛋白复合纳米纤维

将聚乙烯醇(PVA)与再生柞蚕丝素蛋白(RWSF)共混,通过静电纺丝技术制备了PVA/RWSF复合纳米纤维,在保持材料降解性能和力学强度不变的前提下,获得了具有生物活性的表面。应用正交法优选出PVA/RWSF复合纳米纤维的最佳制备工艺参数。扫描电镜观察到,各组电纺膜中纤维的形貌较好,不同参数条件下纤维的直径和均匀程度有较大差别;方差分析表明,静电纺丝过程中纺丝液浓度、PVA/RWSF质量比和纺丝电压对纤维均匀性的影响显著;结合后期验证性实验确定PVA/RWSF复合纳米纤维最佳电纺参数为电纺液浓度0.09 g/mL、PVA/RWSF质量比90/10、纺丝电压18kV、推进速度1.5mL/h、接收距离14cm,此时制备的纤维均一、纤细,重复性好。     

静电纺丝制备超细纤维复合材料

主要探讨了固化距离、纺丝电压对聚乙烯醇和淀粉、聚乙烯醇和壳聚糖共混液静电纺丝的影响,并尝试了多喷头静电纺丝制备超细长纤维复合材料。运用扫描电镜、红外光谱和差示扫描量热仪等对制得的超细复合材料的纤维形态、结构和力学性能进行研究,制得了纤维形貌与力学性能优异的、结构均匀的超细长纤维复合毡;多喷头电纺时,溶剂挥发影响着复合毡形态与性能。经过乙醇浸泡处理后,纯聚乙烯醇纳米纤维毡的结晶度和力学性能明显提高。     

静电纺丝制备聚己内酯/壳聚糖复合纤维膜

采用静电纺丝技术制备聚己内酯(PCL)/壳聚糖(CS)复合纤维膜,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察材料配比、纺丝电压和接收距离对复合纤维形态的影响,利用接触角测试仪研究CS含量对复合纤维膜亲水性能的影响。结果表明:CS的加入,有利于提高PCL/CS混合溶液的成纤能力;随着纺丝电压增加和收集距离减小,复合纤维平均直径减小,且直径分布均匀性提高。与PCL纤维相比,PCL/CS复合纤维亲水性得到了较大的提高,使其有望在组织工程中得到潜在的应用。     

静电纺纤维素纳米晶体/壳聚糖-聚乙烯醇复合纳米纤维的制备与表征

通过探索纤维素纳米晶体（CNC）添加量对壳聚糖-聚乙烯醇（CS-PVA）基体性能的影响,为静电纺CNC/CS-PVA复合纳米纤维的制备提供理论支撑。以CNC、CS和PVA为原料,采用静电纺丝法成功制备不同CNC含量（质量分数）的静电纺CNC/CS-PVA复合纳米纤维,并通过SEM、TGA和FTIR等分析手段对CNC/CS-PVA复合纳米纤维的微观结构和性能进行了表征。结果表明：添加CNC后静电纺CNC/CS-PVA复合纳米纤维直径变大,表面变粗糙,力学性能和热学性能提高;随着CNC含量的增加,静电纺CNC/CS-PVA纤维的杨氏模量（E）和抗拉强度（σ）先增强后减弱,而外延起始温度继续上升。当CNC含量为3wt%时,静电纺CNC/CS-PVA复合纳米纤维力学性能最好,相比于CS-PVA复合纳米纤维,E和σ分别提高了43.9%和24.8%;当CNC含量为20wt%时,静电纺CNC/CS-PVA复合纳米纤维直径分布不均匀,可以观察到单根纤维表面存在少量的球状结构物质,同时外延起始温度达到328.83℃;FTIR分析得出,CNC与CS和PVA之间只存在分子间的相互作用而没有发生化学反应;随着溶液的酸性减弱,碱性增强,不同CNC含量的静电纺CNC/CS-PVA复合纳米纤维稳定性逐渐提高,而CNC含量对其稳定性影响不大。     

壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇复合纳米导电纤维的制备及性能表征

以壳聚糖(CS)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)和纳米石墨粉(G)为原料,利用静电纺丝技术分别制备了壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇共混纳米纤维及壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇/纳米石墨粉复合纳米纤维,采用原位聚合法在纤维表面聚合导电聚合物聚苯胺,得到具有优良导电性能的聚合CS/PVA和聚合CS/PVA/G复合纳米纤维。通过扫描镜、X射线衍射、红外光谱等测试手段对纤维的形貌和结构进行表征。结果表明,聚苯胺均匀包覆在经原位聚合的复合纳米纤维表面,提高了纤维的导电性能,纳米石墨粉与聚苯胺形成插入化合物进一步提高了纤维的导电性能。     

静电纺丝复合纳米纤维研究进展

静电纺丝是一种利用聚合物溶液或熔体在强电场中进行喷射纺丝的加工技术,是获得纳米尺寸纤维的有效方法之一。然而单一组分的纳米纤维已经难以满足应用的需求,而采用两种或两种以上的聚合物(或聚合物/填料颗粒)进行静电纺丝得到的复合纳米纤维逐渐受到了人们的关注。文中总结了由静电纺丝技术制备的复合纳米纤维及其性能等方面的研究进展。主要包括复合物/碳复合纳米纤维、聚合物/金属复合纳米纤维、聚合物/粘土复合纳米纤维、共混物复合纳米纤维、装饰型复合纳米纤维等。     

静电纺丝技术制备纤维的研究

静电纺丝技术是目前制备直径几十纳米至几微米聚合物纤维的主要方法之一,本文简述了静电纺丝法的背景及基本原理,阐述了影响纤维制备的主要因素,介绍了静电纺丝法制备纳米纤维的种类及发展现状,以及在过滤介质材料、电子光学材料、超疏水性材料、生物医用功能材料、增强复合材料等方面的应用,最后对电纺纳米纤维的发展方向进行了展望.     

静电纺尼龙6/聚氧化乙烯复合纳米纤维毡的制备和性能测试

以尼龙6(PA6)/聚氧化乙烯(PEO)为原料配备复合纺丝液,通过高压静电纺丝制备出不同原料比例复合纳米纤维毡,再将纳米纤维毡进行水洗处理。应用电子显微镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)观察分析纳米纤维毡经水洗处理前后的整体及单根纤维形貌。分析纳米纤维膜水洗前后孔隙率变化,同时通过亚甲基蓝吸附测试说明纳米水洗处理对纳米纤维毡吸附性能的影响。结果表明,PEO含量会对纳米纤维膜形貌、比表面积、孔隙率、吸附性能产生影响,而水洗处理会使纳米纤维的这些性能发生变化。     

Preparation and characterization of electrospun poly(2,5-dicyclohexylphenylene-1,4-ethynylene) (C<Subscript>24</Subscript>H<Subscript>30</Subscript>)<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis></Subscript>/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) hybrid nanofibers

We report the preparation of poly(2,5-dicyclohexylphenylene-1,4-ethynylene) (PDE)/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) hybrid nanofibers by electrospinning technique. The hybrid nanofibers were characterized by a host of characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, optical and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed a successful preparation of PDE/PEO composite nanofibers. The diameter of the hybrid nanofibers ranges between 500 and 1000 nm. The results showed that this kind of hybrid nanofibers could be a possible candidate in color display devices.     

Electrical properties of polyaniline and multi-walled carbon nanotube hybrid fibers

We have fabricated for the first time one-dimensional multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) nanocomposite fibers with improved electrical properties using electrospinning. Polyaniline (PANi) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) were used as a conducting and a nonconducting matrix, respectively, for hybrid nanofibers including MWNTs. The hybrid nanofibers fabricated by electrospinning had a length of several centimeters and a diameter ranging from approximately 100 nm to approximately 1 microm. Transmission electron microscopic analysis confirmed that the MWNTs were successfully oriented along the fiber axis without any severe aggregation during electrospinning. The hybrid nanofibers showed an enhanced electrical conductance with increasing MWNT content up to 0.5 wt%, and compared to PANi/PEO fibers, they also showed a stable linear ohmic behavior. These hybrid conducting nanofibers can be applied to chemical and biosensors that require a high sensitivity.     

Preparation and electrical characterization of polyamide-6/chitosan composite nanofibers via electrospinning

We report on the preparation and electrical characterization of polyamide-6/chitosan composite nanofibers. These composite nanofibers were prepared using a single solvent system via electrospinning process. The resultant nanofibers were well-oriented and had good incorporation of chitosan. Current-voltage (I-V) measurements revealed interesting linear curve, including enhanced conductivities with respect to chitosan content. The electrical conductivity of the polyamide-6/chitosan composite nanofibers increased with increasing content of chitosan which was attributed to the formation of ultrafine nanofibers. In addition, the sheet resistance of composite nanofibers was decreased with increasing chitosan concentration.     

Synthesis and phase evolution of electrospun antiferroelectric lead zirconate (PbZrO3) nanofibers

Lead zirconate (PbZrO₃; PZO) fibers were synthesized by the electrospinning method using a solution that contained 5 wt% poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) in ethanol and a sol–gel solution of PZO. Some parameters varied, for example, the ratio between PEO and PZO, concentrations of the precursor solution, flow rate, and calcination temperature. The as-spun and calcined PZO/PEO composite fibers were characterized by TG-DTA, X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, SEM and TEM. PZO fibers were obtained successfully with a well-developed perovskite structure after as-spun PZO/PEO composite fibers were calcined using the PZO/PEO volume ratio of 10:3 at a PZO concentration of 1.0 M at 650 °C for 4 h. Stable nanofibers were produced with an average diameter of 300 ± 64 nm. Additionally, the PZO fibers showed a Curie temperature that rose by nearly 13 °C, when comparing with a normal PZO particle.     

基于针尖诱导的静电纺丝实验分析

针尖诱导电纺技术（TIE）利用针尖阵列插入聚合物溶液表面后快速抽离,由于高压强电场和黏性力作用在液面抽离处诱导形成泰勒锥,进而在收集板上得到大量纳米纤维,实现纳米纤维的批量制造．实验结果表明在不同电极间距下,电纺阈值电压随着溶液浓度的增加而增大．当工作电压为63kV,溶液槽尺寸为142mm×50mm时,电纺聚氧化乙烯（PEO）溶液的纤维产量达1．9612g／h．当工作电压从45kV增加到63kV时,纤维沉积均匀性变化范围为31．08％～43．23％．     

Preparation and the luminescent properties of Tb3+-doped Gd2O3 fluorescent nanofibers via electrospinning

Tb(3+)-doped Gd(2)O(3) (Gd(2)O(3):Tb(3+)) nanofibers were prepared via a simple electrospinning technique using poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and rare-earth acetate tetrahydrates (Ln(CH(3)COO)(3)·4H(2)O (Ln = Gd, Tb)) as precursors. The obtained nanofibers have an average diameter of about 80 nm and are composed of pure cubic Gd(2)O(3) phase. A possible formation mechanism for the nanofibers is proposed on the basis of the experimental results, which reveals that PEO acts as the structure directing template during the whole electrospinning and subsequent calcination process. The luminescent properties of the nanofibers were investigated in detail. The nanofibers exhibit a favorable fluorescent property symbolized by the characteristic green emission (545 nm) resulting from the 5D4-->7F5 transition of Tb(3+). Concentration quenching occurs when the Tb(3+) concentration is 3 at.%, indicating that the Gd(2)O(3):Tb(3+) nanofibers have an optimum luminescent intensity under such a doping concentration.     

Effects of three parameters on the diameter of electrospun poly(ethylene oxide) nanofibers

The combined use of two techniques namely electrospray and spinning is made use in a highly versatile technique called electrospinning, which produces the diameter of polymer fibers range from nanometer to sub-micron. In this work, we have studied effects of adding LiCl on the morphology and diameter of electrospun poly(ethylene oxide), and we have also evaluated systematically the effect of three important solution parameters on the morphology of electrospun poly(ethylene oxide): molecular weight, solution viscosity and electrical conductivity. We find that molecular weight is strongly correlated with the formation of bead defects in the fibers, the smaller molecular weight, the more beads defect density. As a result, the fibers have beads-in-string structures. Electrical conductivity increases, then decreases as molecular weight increases. Solution viscosity has been found to most strongly affect fiber size, with fibers diameter increasing with increasing solution viscosity according to a power law relationship. In addition, we find evidence that solution viscosity and electrical conductivity affect the interesting morphology of the electrospun nanofibers, and result in doubling and forming membrances phenomena.     

Synthesis and electrical property of indium tin oxide nanofibers using electrospinning method

In this study indium tin oxide (ITO) nanofibers were synthesized using an electrospinning method. The morphological properties of the ITO nanofibers were considered and their specific resistances were measured to determine their applicability as filler for a transparent conducting film. ITO/PVP composite nanofibers were successfully obtained by electrospinning using a precursor solution containing indium nitrate, tin chloride, and poly(vinlypyrrolidone). After the heat treatment of ITO/PVP composite nanofibers at 600 degrees C and 1000 degrees C, ITO nanofibers with an average diameter of about 168 nm and 165 nm were synthesized, respectively.     

静电纺羧甲基壳聚糖纳米纤维直径的预测模型

目的研究羧甲基壳聚糖溶液浓度和静电纺丝工艺参数对纳米纤维直径的影响。方法按照静电纺丝的原理,选取溶液浓度、电压、流量和喷头直径等4个影响因素,使用响应面法中的Box-Behnken设计对羧甲基壳聚糖静电纺丝纤维直径进行预测,得到二次多元回归模型。结果羧甲基壳聚糖溶液浓度、流量、浓度的二次项和喷头直径的二次项对纤维直径影响显著,该模型实验值与预测值高度拟合。结论通过响应面得到的模型能预测羧甲基壳聚糖纤维的直径,同时明确了羧甲基壳聚糖纤维的最佳电纺参数。