水平轴跟踪槽式太阳能集热器动态集热量计算与分析

介绍了两种槽式单轴太阳能集热跟踪模式,建立了一种适用于不同跟踪方式下槽式水平轴集热器的动态集热量计算模型和计算流程。以拉萨为例详细分析了水平东西轴,南北轴追踪模式下的集热器效率与集热量。结果表明,该地区槽式水平轴集热追踪方式对集热器效率的影响很小,对于供暖系统而言,采用东西轴跟踪比南北轴跟踪方式提高约7%的集热量。     

基于知识图谱的槽式太阳能集热器研究可视化计量分析

作为重要的绿色节能技术，槽式太阳能聚光集热器在中低温太阳能热利用领域中具有良好的应用前景。基于Web of Science数据库，借助可视化工具VOSviewer和Citespace软件对全球槽式集热器领域研究文献进行了统计梳理，全面分析了该研究领域的研究态势、发展历程以及研究热点。结果表明全球槽式集热器领域发展整体呈现增长态势，发文量逐年攀升，但该领域不同团队之间的合作较少，以团队内部成员合作居多；聚类分析表明研究主要集中在有机朗肯循环、聚光太阳能发电以及纳米流体研究等方面，且近年来通过建立数理模型对槽式集热器系统进行性能优化已成为主要研究热点。     

新型槽式跟踪太阳能集热器的中高温热利用研究

采用新型导热介质,主要介绍了集热装置的热性能实验方法,并着重对槽式跟踪太阳能集热器集热性能进行了研究及分析,通过对槽式跟踪热管真空管集热器理论值与试验值的比较,结果表明:利用导热油强化传热技术并结合热管技术,使得槽式跟踪太阳能集热器具有较高的集热效率,可产压力2 MPa,温度达200℃以上的饱和蒸汽。     

不同跟踪类型槽式集热器接收太阳辐射量的对比分析

基于晴空辐射模型和太阳光线入射角模型,从集热器集热面接收太阳辐射量的角度,对4种跟踪类型的槽式集热器进行理论计算。通过对比分析得知:采用双轴跟踪槽式集热器接收的太阳辐射量最多,其次为地轴跟踪槽式集热器。综合考虑跟踪系统的稳定性、复杂程度和成本问题,夏季供冷建议优先选用东西跟踪槽式集热器,冬季供热应选用南北跟踪槽式集热器,供冷和供热两用时,优先考虑选用东西跟踪槽式集热器。     

基于Al2O3纳米流体的槽式太阳能热发电集热器传热建模及性能分析

基于计算流体动力学中的有限体积法,研究了Al₂O₃/Syltherm800导热油纳米流体作为传热介质时槽式太阳能热发电集热器的性能,建立了真空管集热器的三维模型,进行了光学模拟和传热数值模拟,并通过实验进行了验证。在非均匀热流密度分布的情况下,研究了进口温度、进口流速等运行参数对采用纳米流体的槽式集热器传热性能的影响规律。结果表明:随着Al₂O₃体积分数的增加,槽式集热器的换热性能及热效率均有所提高;进口温度、进口流速等运行参数对集热器的传热性能影响很大,随着进口温度的上升和进口流速的减小,纳米流体对传热性能的影响程度逐渐增大。     

真空镀膜制备太阳能热吸收涂层

本文介绍了选择性太阳能热吸收涂层的制备方法及发展状况,重点描述了真空镀膜在金属卷材上制备选择性太阳能热吸收涂层。该涂层用在平板太阳能集热器上,促进了太阳能集热器由单一的真空玻璃管型向金属平板型的转变。     

导热油在太阳能中高温热利用中的研究现状

介绍了导热油的分类、性质和选择导热油的要求,其中导热油的换热性能对系统的设计和安全运行有着重要影响,并对导热油的强化换热研究进行了介绍。综述了复合抛物面聚光器(CPC)、抛物面槽式集热器(PTC)、菲涅尔聚光器(LFR)三种中高温太阳能集热器的研究进展,并对导热油系统及应用进行了综合分析,展望了导热油在太阳能中高温热利用中的研究方向。     

槽式太阳能自动追日供暖系统集热器的安装施工

本文介绍了槽式太阳能自动追日供暖系统集热器的原理、构造、安装工艺及系统安装步骤,为正确安装此系统提供参考。     

太阳能集热器的分类及特点分析

介绍了太阳能集热器的分类,阐述了太阳能集热器的工作原理,分析了几种太阳能集热器的特点,有助于人们对太阳能集热器类型的选定。     

高寒地区槽式太阳能集热器与CO_2热泵复合采暖系统的优化研究

对拉林线车辆整备库的槽式太阳能集热器与CO_2热泵复合采暖系统,利用TRNSYS软件建立仿真平台,分析集热器面积、集热器聚光比、单位集热面积水箱容积与热泵设计容量等设计参数对复合采暖系统性能的影响,采用正交试验法,以综合评价指标CEI为目标优化设计参数,优化结果对高寒地区同类供暖工程参数的确定有参考意义。     

10m2新型槽式太阳能集热装置集热特性试验研究

本文介绍了新型槽式太阳能集热装置,着重对该集热装置集热性能进行了研究及分析,并对集热装置进行热性能试验,提出系统优化设计方案.结果表明该新型槽式太阳能集热装置具有较高的集热温度和较高的集热效率,闷晒工况下,集热介质温度可达190℃以上,循环工况下,53 kg集热介质温度最高可达115℃,瞬时集热效率最高可达36％.     

Absorber design for a compound parabolic concentrator collector without transmission loss

A new design method for a compound parabolic concentrator heat collector is described. The conventional design of the ideal compound parabolic concentrator collector has a touching point between a light absorber and the reflectors. This structure is not preferable from the standpoint of conductive heat leakage and thermal stress on reflector materials. On the other hand, if the absorber and the reflectors are separated from each other, the gap between them usually causes optical errors such as light transmission loss or an increase in the reflection number. We discuss the fact that ideal heat collection is possible, in spite of the gap, by introducing the idea of an effective heat concentration ratio.     

Thermal and geometrical assessment of parabolic trough collector-mounted double-evacuated receiver tube system

Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy - This paper particularly aims to highlight the necessity of optimal geometrical design considerations of a parabolic trough collector (PTC)-mounted...     

Experimental investigation on the performance of a solar powered lithium bromide–water absorption cooling system

The performance of solar cooling absorption system needs further research, due to its poor coefficient of performance (COP). Therefore, this study investigated the performance of a 23 kW solar powered single-effect lithium bromide–water (LiBr–H₂O) absorption cooling system. Furthermore, the space heating mode was also investigated and the improvement methods were analyzed and discussed. The cooling system was driven by a parabolic trough collector of 56 m² aperture area and used for cooling a 102 m² meeting room. Research results revealed that the chiller's maximum instantaneous refrigeration coefficient (chiller efficiency) could be up to 0.6. Most of the time, in sunny and clear sky days the daily solar heat fraction ranged from 0.33 to 0.41 and the collectors field efficiency ranged from 0.35 to 0.45. At the same time, chiller efficiency was varied from 0.25 to 0.7 and the daily cooling COP was varied from 0.11 to 0.27, respectively.     

CPC热管真空管式热水器实验研究

研制了一种CPC(复合抛物面聚焦)热管真空管式太阳能热水器。该热水器在普通玻璃真空管热水器的基础上耦合热管技术,并增加了CPC聚光板。对该热水器与全玻璃真空管太阳能热水器进行了热性能对比实验研究。结果表明,在300 W/m2~800 W/m2日照条件下,该新型热水器单位面积集热功率最高可达610 W/m2;平均集热效率约为80%,比全玻璃真空管太阳能热水器的瞬时效率高10%~20%;导热介质的最高温度达到103℃。证明增加CPC聚光板及运用导热油可有效提高集热品位,利用热管技术可解决严寒地区的抗冻问题,所以,CPC热管真空管式太阳能热水器将具有较广阔的市场前景。     

高性能SS-AlN金属陶瓷真空太阳集热管的制备

采用真空磁控溅射沉积SS-AlN金属陶瓷太阳选择性吸收涂层.涂层光学功能层的制备,先采用铜靶溅射Cu红外反射层;再采用不锈钢(SS)和铝两金属靶在Ar和N2的混合气体中同时溅射沉积SS-AlN金属陶瓷吸收层;最后采用Al靶在Ar和N2中反应溅射沉积AlN减反射层.金属陶瓷吸收层由高、低SS体积份额的两吸收子层组成.优化溅射镀膜工艺参数获得高性能吸收涂层,太阳吸收比α(AM1.5)高达0.956±0.003(国标GB:α≥0.86),比GB高10％;红外发射比ε仅为0.043±0.003(GB:ε≤0.08).制备成φ58×2100 mm全玻璃真空太阳集热管,80℃平均热损系数ULT仅为0.47±0.01 W/m2℃ (GB:ULT≤0.85 W/m2℃),比GB低0.38W/m2℃,性能提高45％.制备的真空集热管具有良好的真空品质,集热管内管加热350℃恒温480 h后,吸气镜面轴向长度平均消失率仅为2～3％,集热管真空品质优于GB高达100倍以上(GB:350℃恒温48 h,镜面消失率≤50％).     

Application of artificial bee colony algorithm for inverse modelling of a solar collector

This paper deals with the inverse analysis of a double-glazed flat-plate solar collector using the artificial bee colony (ABC) optimization algorithm. In domestic water heating, both low and high heat output from the solar collector is undesirable, so the solar collector is required to supply the hot water at a particular temperature only, which in turn requires a given distribution of heat loss factor. With this criterion, the present analysis is aimed at predicting feasible dimensions and configurations of a solar collector satisfying a prescribed distribution of heat loss factor using ABC algorithm. It is observed that many feasible alternatives of unknowns exist which satisfy a prescribed requirement, and using the ABC algorithm, the size of the solar collector can be minimised by 6–32% with reference to the existing records. The effects of changing ambient conditions are also studied. Furthermore, a comparative study of the ABC algorithm against other heuristic algorithms reveals its suitability and efficacy for the present estimation problem.