P(AAm-co-MAA)/PANI/MWNTs-COOH新型杂合水凝胶在不同pH环境下力学性能的研究

利用环境扫描电镜、动态粘弹谱仪分析了所制备新型水凝胶的结构和力学性能。结果表明,将聚苯胺(PANI)和羧基碳纳米管(MWNTs-COOH)引入到聚(丙烯酰胺-co-甲基丙烯酸)(P(AAm-co-MAA))网络中,制备的P(AAm-co-MAA)/PANI/MWNTs-COOH新型杂合水凝胶表现出比纯水凝胶更好的力学性能和更强的pH敏感性。这些优越的性能主要归因于PANI的存在。这种新型杂合水凝胶有望应用于组织工程。     

前端聚合法制备聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺/碳纳米管复合水凝胶及其性能

用前端聚合法制备了聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)/多壁碳纳米管(PNIPAM/MWCNTS)复合水凝胶,对产物的微观形貌、温敏性、力学性能和释药性能进行了研究。结果表明,PNIPAM/MWCNTS复合水凝胶具有温度敏感性,MWCNTS的加入不影响水凝胶的低临界转变温度,随MWCNTS含量增加,水凝胶吸水能力降低,力学强度显著提高,当MWCNTS的含量由0%增至10%时,水凝胶的压缩强度从88 k Pa增加到666 k Pa。复合水凝胶具有良好的药物缓释性能。     

氧化石墨烯/聚丙烯酰胺/聚甲基丙烯酸复合水凝胶

以N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(BIS)为交联剂,过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂,采用自由基引发聚合,使丙烯酰胺(AM)和甲基丙烯酸(MAA)在氧化石墨烯(GO)水溶液中进行共聚,制备了GO/PAM/PMAA复合水凝胶。研究了GO、MAA和BIS含量对复合水凝胶性能的影响。结果表明,GO/PAM/PMAA复合水凝胶具有三维网络结构,表现出pH敏感性,具有较好的药物缓释性能;热稳定性、力学性能随GO、BIS含量的增加而增强;平衡溶胀比随GO、BIS含量的增加而降低,随MAA含量的增加先增大,后减小,当n(AM)∶n(MAA)=10∶1时达到最大值。     

聚丙烯酰胺/聚甲基丙烯酸(2-甲基氨基)乙酯高强度双网络水凝胶的制备及pH响应性

利用两步法合成了聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)/聚甲基丙烯酸(2-甲基氨基)乙酯(PDMAEMA)双网络水凝胶,第一网络为锂藻土(Laponite)物理交联的PAM纳米复合水凝胶,第二网络为化学交联剂N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(BIS)交联PDMAEMA。研究了2种网络相对含量、纳米黏土Laponite用量、化学交联剂BIS用量对水凝胶强度和pH响应性的影响。研究结果表明,PAM/PDMAEMA双网络水凝胶具有高强度,改变单体AM和DMAEMA的配比、交联剂的用量,其拉伸强度在36～91.9 kPa范围内可调。PAM/PDMAEMA双网络水凝胶还具有灵敏的pH刺激响应性,在pH=4时双网络水凝胶溶胀度急剧下降。     

PVA/P(AA-AM)复合水凝胶的制备及性能

采用水溶液聚合方法合成了不同组成的丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺共聚物(P(AA-AM))。将聚乙烯醇(PVA)与所合成的P(AA-AM)共混,以戊二醛为交联剂,制备出了不同结构的PVA/P(AA-AM)复合水凝胶。采用扫描电镜观察了凝胶形貌,研究了复合水凝胶的结构与性能关系。结果表明,复合水凝胶溶胀性能与所用交联剂加量有关,复合水凝胶的溶胀度随着交联剂加量增加先增大后减小,在交联剂加量为0.5%时水凝胶溶胀度达到最大值。复合凝胶中的聚合物组成对溶胀度影响显著,随着P(AA-AM)含量提高,水凝胶的溶胀度逐渐增大。适当结构的复合水凝胶具有pH敏感性,敏感程度随着凝胶中P(AA-AM)含量的增加而增强。     

MWNTs/PVDF复合材料导电和介电性能的研究EI

用熔融共混和热压工艺制备了多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)和羧基化多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs-COOH)填充聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)复合材料.研究了多壁碳纳米管体积含量、测试频率和温度对复合体系的电性能的影响.实验发现,MWNTs-COOH/PVDF复合体系的渗流阈值和渗流阈值附近的介电常数明显大于MWNTs/PVDF体系.利用渗流理论、Maxwell-Wagner界面极化效应和微电容模型解释了实验现象.     

MWNTs/PVDF复合材料导电和介电性能的研究

用熔融共混和热压工艺制备了多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)和羧基化多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs-COOH)填充聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)复合材料.研究了多壁碳纳米管体积含量、测试频率和温度对复合体系的电性能的影响.实验发现,MWNTs-COOH/PVDF复合体系的渗流阈值和渗流阈值附近的介电常数明显大于MWNTs/PVDF体系.利用渗流理论、Maxwell-Wagner界面极化效应和微电容模型解释了实验现象.     

温敏性三元共聚水凝胶溶胀及消溶胀行为

采用自由基溶液聚合法,室温下制备了聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-壳聚糖-co-甲基丙烯酸)[P(NIPAM-co-CS-co-MAA)]三元共聚水凝胶,以红外光谱及质量法对凝胶结构和溶胀性进行了表征。结果表明,高交联凝胶溶胀符合non-Fickian扩散;温度高于35℃时溶胀的共聚凝胶均发生明显收缩;相同甲基丙烯酸(MAA)和壳聚糖(CS)单体用量,MAA对凝胶溶胀和消溶胀影响大于CS。不同pH溶液中的溶胀碱性时比酸性条件下更大,pH=5.0左右较差,显示与传统甲基丙烯酸系水凝胶不同的pH敏感性,其消溶胀动力学满足一级动力学方程。     

蒙脱土纳米复合双网络水凝胶的制备与性能研究

通过自由基聚合制备一系列不同蒙脱土(MMT)含量的PAMPS(聚2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸)/PAM(聚丙烯酰胺)/MMT水凝胶。结果表明,MMT的加入有助于水凝胶平衡溶胀率的增加,且提高水凝胶的机械性能,其中最大杨氏模量为24.0kPa,屈服强度为372kPa,最大压缩模量为40kPa,压缩断裂应力为24.8MPa。对水凝胶断面微观形貌分析表明,MMT的加入使得复合水凝胶网络的孔径逐渐变小,网络的孔壁也逐渐变厚。     

高力学强度羟乙基纤维素/聚丙烯酰胺复合水凝胶的制备EI北大核心CSCD

通过自由基聚合一步合成了羟乙基纤维素/聚丙烯酰胺(HEC/PAM)复合水凝胶,这种水凝胶具有优异的拉伸性能和压缩性能,可能源于PAM链与HEC链之间的氢键相互作用。经测试,HEC/PAM复合水凝胶可被拉伸至原尺寸的24倍,对应的拉伸断裂应力为113kPa;90%压缩形变对应的压缩强度达0.87 MPa;水凝胶的最大压缩形变达95%以上。同时,HEC/PAM水凝胶还表现出了优异的可恢复性能。因此,HEC/PAM复合水凝胶在生物医药领域有潜在的应用价值。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.