基于视觉对比度特性的红外图像超分辨率重建

针对现有超分辨率算法重建后的红外图像存在对比度差、信噪比低、视觉效果模糊的缺点,提出一种基于视觉对比度特性的红外图像超分辨率重建算法。该算法首先利用人眼在不同灰度级的分辨能力不同,通过引入红外图像对比度这一先验信息重建红外图像,其次构建一噪声度量因子以区分图像目标与噪声,然后对目标边缘进行增强,噪声进行滤除。实验结果表明:经过改进算法重建的超分辨率红外图像对比度提高了2倍,噪声得到了有效抑制,视觉效果明显改善。     

红外车辆目标的自动模糊分割

针对红外图像的特点,提出了一种基于遗传算法的自动模糊分割红外车辆目标图像的方法.首先选取图像的感兴趣区域以加快运算速度;然后对感兴趣区域图像进行模糊增强,借助于二维OTSU方法对增强后的感兴趣区域进行阈值分割,为了加快分割算法的速度,先限定一个最佳阈值范围,再利用遗传算法在此阈值范围内自动搜索最佳分割阈值;为了弥补单独利用二维OTSU方法分割的不足,采用缩短模糊边缘宽度的方法来提取感兴趣区域红外车辆目标图像的边缘.最后把二维OTSU方法分割的图像与模糊边缘提取得到的边缘图像进行或运算后进行填充以得到最终的车辆目标分割图像.实验结果表明,对于红外车辆目标图像,一维OTSU和二维OTSU算法只是基本分割出了红外车辆目标的主体,而本文提出的自动模糊分割技术不仅准确分割出了红外车辆目标的主体,而且对于坦克的模糊炮塔亦得到了完整的分割.     

基于图像处理的电路板缺陷检测系统设计

针对传统电路板缺陷检测多为人工检测、速度较慢且成本较高的问题,本文研究设计了一款以图像处理为基础、利用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)实现对电路板缺陷准确、高速的检测系统。在传统图像增强算法的基础上提出一种针对不同图像信息采用不同感兴趣区间的方法,增强效果显著;为减少电路板上标识字样对匹配算法计算速度的影响,提出一种去除丝印算法,将电路板上多余的标识字样取消,减少图像匹配的计算量,加快检测的速度;在传统绝对误差和算法(SAD)模板匹配算法的基础上采用去平均值法计算图像信息,减小光照变化带来的影响;将传统2算子Sobel边缘检测扩展到8算子边缘检测,边缘信息更加明显清晰。采用FPGA作为硬件平台,在Vivado开发环境下实现Verilog HDL硬件逻辑语言,下载到FPGA中实现。实验结果表明,系统的平均检测精度为98.53%,检测单张电路板的时间为8.204 s。本系统设计在检测精度和速度上都有明显提升,且造价成本低。     

Contourlet变换和遗传算法相结合的沥青红外图像增强方法

沥青施工过程中,采集的红外图像容易受到周围环境噪声的影响,使图像变得模糊、信噪比低,从而导致后续图像处理分析的准确度降低。针对该噪声特性,提出了一种Contourlet变换和遗传算法相结合的红外图像增强方法。首先对原始红外图像进行Contourlet变换,得到带有多尺度、多方向信息的带通子带,然后对其进行模糊增强,并通过自适应遗传算法优化模糊增强参数,最后对增强后的带通子带进行Contourlet逆变换,得到效果增强的红外图像。实验结果表明,与其它几种常用的红外图像增强方法相比,此方法能更有效地抑制噪声,提高清晰度,取得了较好的增强效果。     

基于颜色空间变换和CNN的自适应去模糊方法

目的研究数字图像中的去模糊问题,从受损的模糊图像中恢复出清晰图像。方法针对现有图像去模糊算法无法保留图像高频信息及容易产生振铃效应等问题,提出一种基于Y通道反卷积和卷积神经网络的两阶段自适应去模糊算法(SDYCNN)。在第1阶段,将数字图像转换至YUV颜色空间,根据图像无参考质量评价分数与模糊核尺寸之间的对应关系,在Y通道内自适应确定模糊核尺寸并进行反卷积增强;第2阶段将第1阶段中的反卷积增强作为预处理方式,通过4层卷积神经网络建立反卷积增强后的图像与清晰图像之间的映射关系,实现图像去模糊。结果轻微模糊图像在第1阶段便能够得到较好的去模糊效果,严重模糊图像经过第1阶段的反卷积增强,也有助于神经网络中特征的快速提取。结论实验结果表明,该算法不仅对于模糊图像具有良好的恢复效果,运算效率也有显著提升。     

时空联合的红外运动目标提取算法

针对红外图像对比度差、边缘模糊的特点,提出了一种基于时空联合的红外序列图像目标提取的新方法.算法充分利用了红外目标的亮度特征、背景信息以及运动信息.时域分割中通过建立帧差图像背景的高斯分布模型,采用变化检测模板来确定红外目标约束区域.然后,构造图像像素与区域之间的空间关系隶属度矩阵并约束到传统的模糊聚类算法中,空域分割则利用该模糊聚类来对目标约束区域进行有效分割.最后将时空分割结果融合便能实现最终的红外目标提取.实验结果表明,该方法简单有效,能准确提取动态场景中的红外目标.     

基于小波Contourlet系数相关性的红外图像增强算法

针对现有红外图像存在噪声干扰与边缘模糊等问题,提出一种基于方向高频子带各层间系数相关性的红外图像增强算法.利用各层间小波Contourlet系数相关性的不同,合理对图像进行去噪和边缘优化处理.提出一种适用于文章算法的阈值选择方法,从而得到更为精确的去噪和边缘优化效果.仿真结果表明,实验结果与预期目标相符,能获得相比传统增强算法更高的PSNR值与PAI值.     

基于自适应传播机制的红外图像快速增强算法

针对传统的红外图像对比度增强方法存在的运算速度慢、增强效果不佳的问题,提出了一种基于自适应传播机制的红外图像对比度快速增强算法。首先使用自适应传播机制求出红外图像的各种局部空间信息,然后对各种信息进行非线性拉伸调整,得到增强后的图像。最后,比较和分析了几种增强算法实验结果,证明了本方法快速高效的优异性质。     

空中红外小目标并行分割算法

为提高空中红外小目标检测速度,提出了一种基于灰值形态学序列图像膨胀累加、背景估计和自适应阈值分割的并行结构小目标分割算法。该算法对灰值膨胀运算后的相邻三帧图像进行累加以增强小目标能量;将灰值形态学开、闭运算的平均值作为背景估计图像;采用自适应阈值算法从二者相减的差图像中分割出可能目标;其中小目标能量增强和背景估计采用并行处理结构。基于VisualC 6.0编程进行了实验,结果表明,算法对连续三帧768像素×576像素红外视频采集图像的处理时间为3.73s,较常规串行分割算法快一倍以上。     

基于偏振图像融合的长波红外人脸图像增强技术

针对非制冷型长波红外相机人脸成像模糊的缺点,提出一种基于偏振的红外图像增强方法,该方法在支持度变换基础上有效地将人脸红外偏振信息和红外强度信息相融合.搭建分时偏振成像系统获取红外偏振图像,求解得到红外强度和红外偏振度图像;对它们使用支持度变换方法进行多尺度分解后,采取相应的融合规则进行融合得到最终融合增强图像.实验结果从主观人眼评价和客观参数评价两方面表明,增强图像拥有比红外图像更加丰富的人脸轮廓信息.     

便携式红外电路故障检测系统

针对基于PC的红外电路故障检测系统便携性差的缺点,提出了基于ARM11的便携式红外电路故障检测系统.异常电路板的热图像经红外CCD采集后,利用视频解码芯片TVP5150对热图像信号进行图像格式转换,再将热图像数据传至S3C6410核心处理器,采用图像处理算法对热图像进行图像处理,最后与标准的热图像对比并得到故障诊断结果...     

基于NSST多尺度自适应的Retinex低照度图像增强算法

目的在对低照度图像进行增强时,针对传统频率域方法由于尺度不够丰富而不能很好保留图像高频细节的问题,提出一种基于NSST多尺度自适应的Retinex低照度图像增强算法。方法首先将低照度图像转化至HSI颜色空间后,单独对I通道进行处理,实现对图像色彩信息的保真效果;然后对I通道进行Retinex算法得到反射分量,从而去除照度信息对图像亮度的影响;对反射分量进行伽马调整后,进行基于La(平均亮度)、Pa(平均对比度)、Ia(信息熵)等3个特征值的自适应NSST分解,从而得到最佳参数的高频分量。结果在主观观察和客观无参考图像质量评价中,文中算法的增强效果和评价得分都要优于其他算法。结论经过自适应参数优化之后,低照度图像的对比度得到了提高,可视性和图像质量都得到了显著提升。     

Intuitionistic fuzzy approach for enhancement of low contrast mammogram images

Mammogram image enhancement is very much necessary in diagnosing breast cancer or tumor at an early stage. Nonuniform illumination and low contrast images are commonly encountered in mammogram images. Conventional enhancement algorithms produce either some artifacts or cannot highlight minute details present in the images, particularly when dealing with mammogram images. In this article, we propose a new mammogram image enhancement scheme using Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) theory. IFS considers two uncertainties—membership and nonmembership degree apart from membership degree as in fuzzy set theory. As mammogram images are low contrast images and many of the image definitions are vague/unclear, so IFS theory may be suitable for better image enhancement. Initially, the image is transformed to an intuitionistic fuzzy image using a novel intuitionistic fuzzy generator. Hesitation degree is computed and using the hesitation degree, two membership levels are computed to form an interval type 2 fuzzy set. These two membership functions are then combined using Zadeh's fuzzy t-conorm to form a new membership function. Threshold of interval type 2 fuzzy image is obtained using restricted equivalence function. Using the threshold, modified fuzzy hyperbolization is carried out. Real data experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has better performance on contrast and visual quality of the images both quantitatively and qualitatively when compared with different existing methods.     

An improved adaptive detail enhancement algorithm for infrared images based on guided image filter

Detail enhancement algorithms are important for raw infrared images to improve their overall contrast and highlight important information in them. To solve the problems that current algorithms like GF&DDE have, an improved adaptive detail enhancement algorithm for infrared images based on a guided image filter is proposed in this paper. It chooses the threshold for the base layer image adaptively according to the histogram statistical information and adjusts the mapping range of the histograms according to the dynamic range of the image. Besides, the detail layer is handled by a simpler adaptive gain control method to achieve the good detail enhancement effect. Finally, the base layer and the detail are merged according to the approximate proportion of the background and the details. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can adaptively and efficiently enhance different dynamic range images in different scenarios. Moreover, this algorithm has high real-time performance.     

Brightness preserving bi‐level fuzzy histogram equalization for MRI brain image contrast enhancement

In this article, brightness preserving bi‐level fuzzy histogram equalization (BPFHE) is proposed for the contrast enhancement of MRI brain images. Histogram equalization (HE) is widely used for improving the contrast in digital images. As a result, such image creates side‐effects such as washed‐out appearance and false contouring due to the significant change in brightness. In order to overcome these problems, mean brightness preserving HE based techniques have been proposed. Generally, these methods partition the histogram of the original image into sub histograms and then independently equalize each sub‐histogram. The BPFHE consists of two stages. First, fuzzy histogram is computed based on fuzzy set theory to handle the inexactness of gray level values in a better way compared to classical crisp histograms. In the second stage, the fuzzy histogram is divided into two sub‐histograms based on the mean intensities of the multi‐peaks in the original image and then equalizes them independently to preserve image brightness. The quantitative and subjective enhancement of proposed BPBFHE algorithm is evaluated using two well known parameters like entropy or average information contents (AIC) and Feature Similarity Index Matrix (FSIM) for different gray scale images. The proposed method have been tested using several images and gives better visual quality as compared to the conventional methods. The simulation results show that the proposed method has better performance than the existing methods, and preserve the original brightness quite well, so that it is possible to be utilized in medical image diagnosis.     

一种小波域的图像增强算法

微弱图像具有对比度低、噪声高、质量差等特点,一定程度上影响了图像的观察和使用。因此,提出一种小波域的图像增强算法,通过对微弱图像多尺度、多分辨率的小波变换分离各维度小波系数,对低频小波系数进行直方图均衡化,高频小波系数进行Canny算法提取边缘,最后将处理后的各维度小波系数进行图像重构以实现图像增强。并选取了3幅微弱图像,将其经所提出的算法及几种传统经典图像增强算法增强后的图像进行实验仿真对比。仿真结果表明,在主观评价上,所提算法增强后的图像的细节更加丰富,视觉感受更加平滑自然;客观评价指标中信息熵的值也都是最大的,分别是4.989 3,3.741 5,4.796 1,信息丰富度最高;而峰值信噪比和图像质量测量函数的数据表明所提算法增强图像的强度适中,整体性较好。可见,所提出的针对微弱图像的增强算法能够在视觉效果上和图像信息上进行有效的图像增强。     

基于NSST与IHS的红外与彩色可见光图像融合

目的 鉴于传统的红外与彩色可见光图像融合算法得到的融合图像,无法很好兼顾清晰度、对比度和色彩是否失真等,提出一种新的基于NSST和IHS颜色空间的彩色图像融合算法。方法 首先将源彩色可见光的RGB图像变换到各通道相关性最小的IHS颜色空间,分离出亮度分量和色度分量。其次对彩色可见光的亮度分量和红外图像分别进行NSST分解,对分解得到的低频系数采用基于自适应高斯模糊逻辑函数的系数选择方案,对高频系数则采用基于像素点的绝对值取大的系数选择方案,然后对经过选择的低、高频系数进行NSST逆变换,得到的融合图像作为新的亮度分量,结合已有的色度分量将其进行IHS逆变换,得到最终的RGB融合图像。结果 通过2种场景的红外与彩色可见光图像进行仿真实验,将提出的算法与LPT,SWT和NSCT等算法对比,通过主观评价和客观评价指标IE, AG, SF和SD等,可知新算法的融合结果图像场景细节最清晰,红外隐藏目标对比度最高,且色彩未出现明显失真现象,图像融合质量最高。结论 提出的算法相较于传统的红外与彩色可见光图像的融合质量,全面提升了效果,表明该算法具有优越性。     

Brightness preserving optimized weighted bi-histogram equalization algorithm and its application to MR brain image segmentation

Medical image segmentation is crucial for neuroscience research and computer-aided diagnosis. However, intensity inhomogeneity and existence of noise in magnetic resonance images lead to incorrect segmentation. In this article, an effective method called enhanced fuzzy level set algorithm is presented to segment the white matter, gray matter, and cerebrospinal fluid automatically in contrast-enhanced brain images. In this method, first, exposure threshold is computed to divide the input histogram into two sub-histograms of different gray levels. The input histogram is clipped using a mean gray level to control the excessive enhancement rate. Then, these two sub-histograms are modified and equalized independently to get a better contrast enhanced image. Finally, an enhanced fuzzy level set algorithm is employed to facilitate image segmentation. The extensive experimental results proved the outstanding performance of the proposed algorithm compared with other existing methods. The results conform its effectiveness for MR brain image segmentation.