各类实验室人员的培训和要求

0概述各类实验室的人员培训、教育是一项重要的、长期的、必须的工作。对于任何一个实验室来说,期盼建立“一流的设备,一流的技术,一流的人才,一流的服务,一流的质量,一流的管理。”是一个永恒的目标。人是第一要素,人是最关键的要素。优良的设备,先进的技术需要人去掌握、人去操作,人去实现其价值;优质的服务和管理,需要人去创造,人去实施,人去实现。人的知识和才能的积累和提高,是一个长期不断地学习、实践、再学习、再实践的过程。各类实验室的各类人员,都要不断地进行培训、教育、考核和管理,从而提高他们的全面素质,实现实验室的“独立性、公正性和诚实性。”以期做到:“行为公正,方法科学,数据准确。”并树立:争创一流的业绩,争树一流形象,争当一流实验室的信心。1各类人员培训的要求1.1有关人员培训的法规要求检验/检查、检定/鉴定、测试/检测各类实验室,应根据机构的性质、任务的性质和内容等情况。首先应适应法规对人员的特定要求。例如检定人员在《计量法实施细则》第二十九条中规定:“国家法定计量检定机构的计量检定人员,必须经县级以上人民政府计量行政部门的考核,并取得计量检定证件。”又如《进出口商品检验法》第三十条规定:“商检工作人员应当定期...     

福建省计量科学技术研究所

我们的质量方针是：顾客至上、技术精湛、依法检测、服务规范、体系完善、确保质量。我们的质量目标是：掌握一流技术，提供一流服务，实现一流管理、追求一流质量、创建一流实验室。我们的企业精神是：务实、合作、创新。     

苏州福田:优秀的电解铜箔供应商

苏州福田将技术、工艺、设备、管理4大要素紧密结合，同时紧跟客户需求，提升客户对于自己专业技术服务的满意度，成为中国电解铜箔行业一流的供应商。[编按]     

浅谈技术机构测量设备的有效管理

设备管理对技术机构而言是一个十分重要的技术管理要素,本文从测量设备最重要的日常管理的环节出发,阐述了测量设备的溯源管理、改善测量设备的运行环境、安全管理等方面要注意的问题,只有这样,才能实现对测量设备的有效、高效管理。     

检测校准实验室综合业务管理信息系统研究

针对国内检测校准实验室信息化管理的需要,利用现代计算机网络技术、数据库技术,以及无线通讯、条码扫描等综合信息技术,设计研发出一套集样品收发管理、检测校准实验流程及证书管理、检测收费管理、综合统计分析,以及面向客户的送检样品检测状态查询平台等多功能综合性检测校准实验室业务管理信息系统,该系统较好地解决了证书信息化管理的问题,特别是在解决证书有效性与实验室获得检测校准能力授权的一致性方面有独到性,适合国内一般检测校准实验室对检测活动所有参与要素的信息化管理.该系统已实际应用于检测校准业务的管理中,取得了良好的管理效益、经济效益和服务效益.     

实验室CNAL认可工作的实践与体会

实验室认可是实验室提升质量管理水平、获得社会认同的一项重要工作.在市场经济中,实验室是为贸易双方提供检测服务的技术组织,实验室需要依靠其完善的组织结构、高效的质量管理和可靠的技术能力为社会与客户提供检测服务.而实验室认可是对实验室有能力进行指定类型的检测所做的一种正式承认.     

对建筑工程管理的几点看法

当前施工企业工程管理仍然存在诸多问题,不能适应形势发展的需要。建设建筑是一个系统工程,由于系统工程有其内在的规律,需要通过与之相适应的管理模式、管理程序、管理方法、管理技术去实现,也就是说,需要有专门从事工程建筑管理的组织为之服务。这种组织应该有与建筑管理相应的功能、机构、程序、方法和技术;有相应的资质、人才、经验,能够为业主提供最优秀的建筑管理服务,能够为业主创造最大限度的效益。     

珠海发电厂信息化建设探讨和建议

<正>一、引言如何使电力企业步入网络信息化建设,首先应该实现电力企业的最基础部门发电厂网络信息化建设。作为国家的重点建设项目珠海火力发电厂,是中外合作兴建的大型火力发电厂组是国家九五计划的重点项目。珠海火力发电枢纽工程在建设完成之后,将本着"创一流的珠海火力发电厂(技术一流,设备一流,人才一流,管理一流)并向世界一流火电企业进军"的宏伟目标,实现珠海火力发电厂企业化的运作.     

建立和保持实验室认可管理体系的途径和方法

本文类比工业制造企业管理五要素,把工业制造企业产品实现过程的分析方法,运用到实验室认可管理体系中去,从中寻求到实验室管理的一条主线索,从而摸索出建立和保持实验室认可管理体系的途径和方法。     

LIMS-实验室管理未来展望

LIMS（Laboratory Information Management System）即实验室信息管理系统,是通过对样品检验流程、分析数据及报告、实验室资源和客户信息等要素的综合管理,按照标准化实验室管理规范,建立符合实验室业务流程的质量体系,实现实验室信息化管理。是实验室提高分析水平、规范样品检测过程和降低实验成本,为客户提供优秀服务的信息平台。现在,国内有多家实验室已建立并运行了LIMS。     

Estimation of Parameters of Universal Distribution of Moments of Failure of Products

A method is proposed for estimating the parameters of a mixture of exponential and Weibull distributions for which the accuracy of preliminary estimates obtained by graphical analysis is refined in accordance with the criterion of maximum likelihood. The efficiency of the proposed method is supported by the results of statistical modeling.     

Assessment of intakes of mixtures of radionuclides

Australia has several uranium mines and a large number of mineral sand mines, with associated processing facilities. Exposures resulting from these mining and processing operations usually involve intakes of mixtures of radionuclides. This work describes the development of a suite of first order, linear compartment models, based on the ICRP Publication 66 respiratory tract model, and an analytical solution to the decay equations, for assessing the consequences of such intakes. The computer programs based on these models directly compute excretion, organ retention and organ and whole-body doses for intakes of either single radionuclides or any mixture of radionuclides belonging to the same radioactive decay chain. The intake can be via inhalation, ingestion or injection, and can be acute, chronic or of limited duration. The starting concentration and degree of secular (dis)equilibrium can be specified for each radionuclide. No assumptions need to be made about the relative magnitudes of the radioactive half-lives of the different nuclides.     

Evaluation of optical properties of highly scattering media by moments of distributions of times of flight of photons

A novel method for the determination of the optical properties of tissue from time-domain measurements is presented. The data analysis is based on the evaluation of the first moment and the second centralized moment, i.e., the mean time of flight and the variance of the measured distribution of times of flight (DTOF) of photons injected by short (picosecond) laser pulses. Analytical expressions are derived for calculation of absorption and of reduced scattering coefficients from these moments by application of diffusion theory for infinite and semi-infinite homogeneous media. The proposed method was tested on experimental data obtained with phantoms, and results for absorption and reduced scattering coefficients obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by fitting of the same data with analytical solutions of the diffusion equation. Furthermore, the accuracy of the moment analysis was investigated for a range of integration limits of the DTOF. The moment analysis may serve as a comparatively fast method for evaluating optical properties with sufficient accuracy and can be used, e.g., for on-line monitoring of optical properties of biological tissue.     

Analysis of the rate of propagation of the wave of change of boiling modes

An approximate analytical expression is derived for the velocity of the front of the wave of change of boiling modes on a rod and on a plate. The impact of the Thomson effect and of the heater orientation in the gravity field is included. Adequate agreement is demonstrated between the derived relations and experimental data.     

Analysis of anisotropy of properties on the basis of studies of texture of coarse-grained ingots of thermoelectric materials

An analysis of anisotropy of the properties of a Bi₂Se_0.3Te_2.7 solid solution was carried out using construction of demonstrative surfaces for thermoelectric effectiveness and thermal expansion coefficients. It is shown that the texture is an important factor forming anisotropy of properties and technological fitness of ingots for manufacturing modules. Anisotropy of properties based on the studies of the ingot textures obtained using the float-zone method and Bridgman method (growing thermoelectric plates in a flat cavity) was studied.     

Numerical study of methods of linearization of the output characteristics of radio-frequency sensors of the level of dielectric media

Different constructions of the sensing elements of radio-frequency level sensors based on sections of long lines are numerically investigated by means of the Matlab program for the purpose of minimizing the measurement error caused by the nonlinearity of the output characteristic. It is shown that the nonlinearity is lowest for U-shaped designs. The nonlinearity factor KN may be regulated by varying the capacitance of a correcting capacitor connected to the input of the sensing element and (or) the length of one of the sections of the long line. In selecting an optimal capacitance of the correcting capacitor KN ≤ 0.15% for control media with dielectric permittivity in the range 2.2–30.     

Possibilities of Decreasing the Errors of Determination of the Height of the Pole of a Sessile Drop of Melt

We analyze the possibilities of decreasing the errors of measuring the height of the pole of a sessile drop of melt above its equator by determining the position of the equator according to the midpoints of vertical chords of the image of the drop. The optimal distance between these chords and the edge of the image of the drop is chosen within 10–20% of the radius of the equator. The proposed method guarantees the same level of errors of evaluation of the height of the pole and the radius of the equator, which enables one to substantially increase the accuracy of evaluation of the capillary constant and the surface energy of the melt according to the geometric parameters of the sessile drop.     

Estimation of potentialities of methods of summation of direct measurement errors

Conventional methods for summation of direct measurement errors are considered. Conditions under which these methods provide consistent results are stated. It is proposed to utilize for characteristic of the total error, its interval estimator or the half-sum of the value obtained by adding up its arithmetic and geometric random errors.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 10–12, April, 1995.