新材料产业的人才困境与对策

新材料产业是战略性基础性产业,是高技术的必争领域,也是高度知识密集型产业,新材料技术的创新突破和新材料产业的发展离不开人才的支撑.与快速发展的新材料产业对新材料需求相比,我国新材料人才供给还存在总量、结构、区域3大不均衡现象,削弱了新材料产业创新发展动力.鉴于此,本文剖析了造成新材料产业人才发展不均衡的原因,并从加强顶...     

江西省新材料产业成长发展研究

本文分析了江西省新材料产业发展现状,并通过实证分析得出江西省新材料产业发展的影响因素。依据江西省"十二五"规划分析新材料的发展重点及步骤,结合江西省新材料产业实际,提出江西省新材料产业成长与发展出现的问题和解决措施,为政府和企业制订规划提供参考和借鉴。     

多部门发文建设国家新材料产业资源共享平台

正为贯彻落实《新材料产业发展指南》,加快新材料产业重点平台建设,工业和信息化部、财政部联合制定了《国家新材料产业资源共享平台建设方案》,并经国家新材料产业发展领导小组审议通过。工业和信息化部财政部关于印发国家新材料产业资源共享平台建设方案的通知     

《1999北京新材料产业发展报告》——您事业发展的必备资料

由北京市科学技术委员会组织编写,北京新材料产业发展促进中心和北京环信咨询有限责任公司具体承办的《1999北京新材料产业发展报告》已于1999年12月刊印成册。这是北京市第一本关于新材料产业的发展报告。全书对前一年国内外新材料产业发展的热点与趋势以及北京地区新材料产业的发展状况做了全面、详尽的研究分析。 全书内容共分为七大部分,分别是:北京地区新材料产业的规模与格局、北京地区新材料产业发展的优势与存在的问题、北京地区新材料产业发展的重点与目标、措施、专题研究、国内相关政策指南和附录。前五部分内容     

我国新材料产业园区评价体系的构建思路

正自新材料产业被列为战略性新兴产业以来,我国各地大力推动新材料产业发展,通过开发建设新材料产业园区,以期打造当地经济新增长点。十几年来,各地新材料产业园区的建设如火如荼。据统计,从国家级园区到省级、地市级、县级园区,我国有不同规模的新材料产业园区近650个[1]。作为实现新材料产业集聚发展的重要载体,新材料产业园区起到了集聚和共享资源、发挥规模和范围经济效应、带     

安全工程材料在重大灾害事故防治中的开发与应用

我国政府把加快发展新材料产业,提升到支撑战略性新兴产业、保障国防军工和重大经济工程建设、促进传统工业升级的战略高度加以重视。政府的高度重视为大幅度提高我国新材料产业的国际竞争力、使我国由材料大国变为材料强国的攻坚战吹响了进军号!这是我国材料科技工作者和材料产业界的热切期盼。本刊在我国加快新材料产业发展和"十二五"规划制定之际,开辟了新材料产业热点评论专栏,广泛征集材料科技工作者对新材料产业发展的意见和建议,向相关政府部门传递材料科技工作者的心声,为我国新材料产业的发展出谋划策。欢迎广大专家学者踊跃参与讨论。     

中外新材料研究趋势和热点

介绍了新材料发展的特点和趋势,以及发达国家新材料的发展战略,讨论了我国新材料研究在全球格局中所处的位置和新材料产业发展的热点。     

建设国家新材料测试评价平台需理顺3大关系

正发展新材料产业是实现制造业强国目标的重要支撑与保障,测试评价工作是新材料产业创新发展的基础和关键环节。目前,我国的新材料测试评价领域存在机构分散、标准不统一、权威性不足等问题,严重制约了新材料产业的发展。如何加快新材料测试评价平台建设,解决新材料测试评价的短板问题,值得认真研究。     

国家新材料生产应用示范平台建设方案

正为全面提升新材料产业生产应用推广水平,按照国家新材料产业发展领导小组(以下简称领导小组)总体部署和国务院同意的《工业和信息化部财政部关于开展新材料产业重点平台建设工作的报告》,特制订本方案。一、必要性和紧迫性新材料产业是战略性、基础性产业,也是高技术竞争的关键领域,事关长远和全局。经过多年努力,我国新材料产业发展取得了长足进步,     

建设中国钒钛新材料产业基地——攀枝花国家新材料产业基地情况介绍

近年来,全国各省市都将新材料产业列为高新技术产业发展的重点领域,纷纷制订产业发展规划,出台相应的扶持政策,推动新材料产业进入了一个新的发展时期。而怎样充分发挥当地优势资源、怎样以高新技术提升和改造传统产业是我们应该深思的问题。近年来,全国各省市都将新材料产业列为高新技术产业发展的重点领域,纷纷制订产业发展规划,出台相应的扶持政策,推动新材料产业进入了一个新的发展时期。而怎样充分发挥当地优势资源、怎样以高新技术提升和改造传统产业是我们应该深思的问题。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.