分水岭变换和统计区域合并的图像分割算法研究

提出了一种基于分水岭变换和统计区域合并的图像分割方法.该方法综合利用高斯低通滤波、分水岭变换和统计区域合并,先对原始图像提取分割标记,然后利用Meyer分水岭变换对标记分水岭进行分割,最后利用概率统计的方法对过分割区域进行合并.该算法通过调节尺度参数可以实现由粗到细(coarse-to-fine)的分割.实验结果表明,这种简单可行的算法在分割噪声图像时依然有良好的效果,具有较强的鲁棒性.     

基于标记的多尺度分水岭视频目标分割算法

针对视频目标提取的问题,提出了基于标记的多尺度分水岭视频目标分割算法.该算法以帧间变化检测为基础,通过改进的最小Tsallis交叉熵进行去噪、滤波,经形态学处理后得到运动目标初始二值掩模,并利用初始二值掩模得到用于分水岭算法的前景与背景标记,用该标记修正当前帧的多尺度形态学梯度图像,最后进行分水岭分割,得到具有精确边界的视频对象.实验结果表明,该算法能有效地分割和提取视频序列中的单个、多个以及快速运动的目标,继承了变化检测和分水岭算法速度快的优点,克服了分水岭容易产生过分割的缺点,具有较强的适用性.     

基于改进C-V模型的超声图像分割方法

图像分割是超声医学图像学中的难题之一。改进的Chan-Vese（C-V）法加入了约束符号距离函数的能量项，避免了演化时候的重新初始化。在改进C-V模型的基础上，首先借用分水岭中的思想，找到分割目标的近似轮廓，并以此轮廓生成符号距离函数，然后采用改进的C-V法进行超声图像分割。实验表明，改进的方法有更高的精准度和对多目标分割的能力。     

基于改进FAST与分水岭算法的颗粒图像分割

为准确、高效分割粘连颗粒,提出一种改进FAST特征点检测算法,并与基于h-maxima变换的分水岭算法相结合实现粘连颗粒的分割。该算法通过h-maxima分水岭算法得到候选边缘分割点和候选分割线;采用改进FAST算法遍历二值图像边缘获得图像边缘特征点;利用边缘特征点对所有候选边缘分割点进行非极大值抑制得到待边缘分割点;通过待边缘分割点从候选分割线中提取待分割线;利用边缘特征点识别待分割线中的伪边缘分割点,并去除与其相连的分割线;获得正确分割线进行图像分割;对典型颗粒进行分割实验,并与现有3种图像分割算法进行比较。结果表明:该算法相对运算时间最短,分割正确率最高且均大于95%。     

用HOUGH变换改进的曲率法识别平面轮廓图元

针对检测精度与检测速度两大指标,提出了用HOUGH变换改进的曲率法平面轮廓图元识别方法。开发了基于邻域值的轮廓点分类算法,采用曲率阈值法筛选轮廓点、投影高度法判别图元属性及分类轮廓点,构建了基于HOUGH变换的直线图元、圆弧图元分割与融合算法。对提出的方法分别进行了特征点检测精度与检测速度对比实验和特征点检测能力测试实验。实验结果表明,提出的方法图元识别准确、检测速度快、通用性好。     

基于支持向量机与改进分水岭的红细胞识别算法研究

针对因红细胞重叠以及细胞试剂里含有杂质而造成红细胞识别不准确的问题,提出了一种基于支持向量机(Support Vector Machines,SVM)与改进分水岭算法的红细胞识别算法.算法首先提取原始图像的二值化图像中每个连通区域的形状特征;利用SVM识别单个连通区域与重叠连通区域;利用改进分水岭算法将重叠区域分割为单...     

基于边缘轮廓特征匹配的飞机目标识别

为快速准确识别可见光机场区域遥感图像中飞机目标的机型,提出一种基于边缘轮廓特征匹配进行识别的方法.对图像进行各向异性扩散处理滤除噪声,针对飞机停机位置是否有阴影存在,选择不同策略分割飞机目标.采用一种改进的区域分割方法提取目标,通过canny算子提取边缘轮廓,用主成份分析法获取飞机主轴,沿主轴垂直方向用相等间隔采样,提取主轴两侧边缘点间距作为特征参数.使用等级差数法对特征进行匹配,实现机型识别.实验结果表明,该方法能准确检测、识别飞机目标,统计得目标检测准确率96.44%,识别率94.07%,验证了算法的有效性.可将算法应用在对机场区域军事目标侦查识别中,能较为快速准确地识别飞机目标,体现了算法的应用价值.     

增强图像细节和去噪能力的改进形态学分水岭算法

为了抑制分水岭算法过分割和滤波后保持图像细节,论文提出一种改进的形态学分水岭分割算法.首先,对图像进行多尺度小波分解得到低频系数和高频系数;对低频系数进行基于Perona-Malik扩散模型各向异性扩散滤波;对高频系数,引入神经网络中的sigrnoid函数改进自适应遗传算法的变异和交叉概率生成,并用父代的最优个体替换子代中最差的个体来保护最优个体不被破坏,克服遗传算法的局部最优现象,利用改进的自适应遗传算法增强和去噪.然后,对梯度图像做锐化处理以突出边缘,再做形态学运算并进行H-minima标记.最后,执行分水岭分割,实现改进的算法.实验结果表明,改进算法能够有效地抑制噪声的干扰,减轻过分割,分割精度也有所提高.     

蜡染冰纹生成算法研究

提出基于漫水思想的距离变换算法,取得较好实时性;采用概率算法确定种子点,改善冰纹分布;提出冰纹形态调整方法,改善单条冰纹形态;对交点加粗效果使用基于双曲线的交点复合距离控制,更加接近真实冰纹效果.实验表明,漫水的距离变换算法具有对数时间复杂度,实时性好;冰纹分布较以前算法更为均衡;冰纹折线及轮廓较粗问题得以解决;基于双曲线的交点复合距离控制能更好体现交点加粗效果.对已有仿真蜡染冰纹算法进行了改进,更好地实现了蜡染冰纹视觉特征.     

基于 NSCT 域特征和 PCNN 的SAR 图像目标分割

针对 SAR 图像的目标自动分割问题,在分析非下采样轮廓波变换和脉冲耦合神经网络的基础上,提出了一种基于非下采样轮廓波域特征图和 PCNN 的 SAR 图像目标分割算法.对 SAR 图像经过 NSCT 分解后的高、低频图像分别运用不同方式进行处理.对低频图用 PCNN 进行分割以获取目标所在的区域,对高频子带构造了特征图,对特征图利用 PCNN 进行分割以获取目标的精细结构.利用 MSTAR 数据进行了仿真实验,并与基于模糊 C 均值的分割算法、基于马尔可夫随机场的分割算法进行了对比.实验结果表明,所提出算法对 SAR 图像目标的分割结果更为准确,同时较其它算法具有更强的抗噪性能,是一种有效可行的 SAR 目标分割算法.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.