The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.     

Use of ejectors in a multi-evaporator refrigeration system for performance enhancement

In this study, an improved cooling cycle for a conventional multi-evaporators simple compression system utilizing ejector for vapour precompression is analyzed. The ejector-enhanced refrigeration cycle consists of multi-evaporators that operate at different pressure and temperature levels. A one-dimensional mathematical model of the ejector was developed using the equations governing the flow and thermodynamics based on the constant-area ejector flow model. The model includes effects of friction at the constant-area mixing chamber. The energy efficiency and the performance characteristics of the novel cycle are theoretically investigated. The comparison between the novel and conventional system was made under the same operating conditions. Also, a comparison of the system performances with environment friendly refrigerants (R290, R600a, R717, R134a, R152a, and R141b) is made. The theoretical results show that the COP of the novel cycle is better than the conventional system.     

中国质量发展大事记

National Quality Working Conference
With high importance attached to the national quality work, the State Council has organized three national quality working conferences respectively in 1992, 1999 and 2007.     

中英标准化合作——双赢记(英文)

正Chronicle for China-UK Standards CooperationBSI and the Standardization Administration of China(SAC)have developed an excellent relationship over the past decade.It began with the signing of a Joint Cooperation Agreement(JCA)in 2004 which set out the framework for cooperation activities.It included annual bilateral meetings,     

Instructions to Authors

New Carbon Materials is a bimonthly journal published with the permission of the Ministry of Science and Technology and of the State News and Publication Agency.The journal is sponsored by the Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and is published by Science Press.Aims and Scope New Carbon Materials publishes research devoted to the physics,chemistry and technology of those organic substances that are precursors for producing aromatically or tetrahedrally bonded carbonaceous solids,and of the materials that may be produced from those organic precursors.These materials range from diamond and graphite through chars,semicokes,mesophase substances,carbons,carbon fibers,carbynes,fullerenes and carbon     

Better Standards for Home Air Purifiers

正A new consortium of technical standards for home air purifi ers was inaugurated in Beijing on June 25,2014.The inauguration ceremony was attended by offi cials from SAC,MIIT and China National Light Industry Council as well as representatives from the industry.CHASTA,short for the consortium,is the fi rst standards and technology focused alliance for the home air purifi er industry,targeted to regulate market     

标准如何体现消费者与其他相关方的利益关切(英文)

正Standards matter to everyone Standards help to protect people and the environment–making products and services safer,more sustainable,of better quality and easier to use.Ensuring the widest possible representation on standards development committees is key to getting good standards,which balance the business and economic interests of those who will apply standards with the     

Updated Mandatory Standards for Toy Safety

正A series of national standards for toys safety(GB 6675-2014)were jointly released by AQSIQ and SAC on May 29,as revised from the Technical Specifi cations for National Toy Safety and referring to ISO 8124,Safety of toys,EU relevant directives and standards.In pace with international standards,the new standards will come into effect from January 1,2016,including:GB 6675-2014,Toys safety-     

Professor Pu Jialing Elected the Chair of ISO/TC 130

正Professor Pu Jialing,the Vice-President of Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication(BIGC)was appointed the Chair of ISO/TC 130 on graphic technology(2015-2017)by ISO on July 30,2014.Pu Jialing graduated from BIGC with bachelor’s degree in 1982,further studied at Chiba University and Tokyo Institute of Technology of Japan in 1983,and received a doctor’s degree in engineering in 1989.Pu Jialing initiated his teaching and research work at BIGC since 1990,and held the post of the VicePresident of BIGC since 1997.Professor Pu successively took in charge of more than ten scientific research projects of Natural Science Foundation of China,natural science foundation projects of ministries and Beijing,as well as cooperation research projects with foreign countries.     

话中秋（英文）

正The Mid-autumn Festival is celebrated on the fifteenth day of the eighth month in Chinese calendar,during a full moon,which is in the middle term of the autumn in September or early October in the Christian calendar.The traditional Chinese festival is also called"Reunion Festival",for at that time there is a full moon in the sky with the sweet-scented osmanthus blossoming in the yard and the whole family gather together enjoying the glorious full moon.For Chinese people,the festival is very special with the meaning of family reunion.     

498 National Standards Released in First Half

正Under strengthened examination and approval,a total of 498 national standards have been issued by SAC in the first half year of 2014,including 122 mandatory standards and 376voluntary standards with the following characteristics:First,stressing on energy conservation and environment protection.Over 30 national standards were released,covering the energy consumption limit of industrial products,energy efficiency limit of terminal energy-using products,water quota,pollutant emission,etc.to enhance the promotion of energyconservationenvironment protection industries and ecological