反应烧结制备Ba2Ti9O20材料

采用BaCO3和TiO2为原料粉体，经机械球磨后直接成型烧结，可以在1340℃／4h的条件下获得密度达4．49g／cm^3的单相Ba2Ti9O20材料。进一步的研究表明，采用高能球磨可以大大降低反应烧结的温度，在1250℃／4h的条件下可获得密度达4．44g／cm^3的单相Ba2Ti9O20材料。高能球磨所获得的粉体颗粒细小、均匀是反应烧结温度低的主要原因。本研究还分析了烧结过程中材料的相组成的变化过程。     

聚合物分解法合成BaSm 2Ti 4 O 12

以BaCO3、Sm（NO3）3及Ti（OC4H9）4为原料，采用柠檬酸盐前驱体法制备BaSm2 Ti4O12并与草酸盐共沉淀法制备BaSm2 Ti4O12粉体过程作了比较．结果发现，利用聚合物分解法，可以在1000℃的较低温度下得到单相结晶的BaSm2 Ti4O12，而草酸盐沉淀法则需要1300℃的高温才能合成纯的BaSm2 Ti4O12相．研究表明，这两种液相法所需合成温度相差很大，是由于不同的相演化过程及反应步骤所致．在共沉淀法中，当煅烧前驱体时，中间相Sm2 Ti2O7与BaTi4O9和BaTiO3反应生成BaSm2 Ti4O12相，其过程与固相法相类似．而在聚合物分解法中，前驱体在热分解过程中生成BaTi2O5相，导致了与固相过程完全不同的反应机制，促进了BaSm2 Ti4O12相的形成．     

液相混合法合成Ba2Ti9O20研究

以EDTA为络合剂,乙二醇为酯化剂,利用液相混合法,合成了单相的Ba2Ti9O20。利用DTA、TG、XRD和Raman光谱等技术表征了树脂中间体和由此得到的氧化物粉末。Ba2Ti9O20相在1000℃开始出现,在1100℃变成主相。在1200℃可得到单相的Ba2Ti9O20。该方法简单易行,不需要低温条件或保护性气氛,也不需要长时间热处理。     

（Bi1/2Na1/2）0.94Ba0.06TiO3无铅压电陶瓷制备工艺研究

采用两步合成工艺制备了（Bi1/2Na1/2）0.94Ba0.06TiO3无铅压电陶瓷。利用XRD、SEM等分析技术，研究了（Bi1/2Na1/2）0.94Ba0.06TiO3陶瓷的先低温再高温的两步合成工艺，烧结工艺对陶瓷晶体结构和压电性能的影响。结果表明，两步合成工艺有利于提高陶瓷性能，其压电常数如3最大值可达155pC/N，比传统方法提高了24％。较合适的预合成工艺为：750℃/1h＋8501000℃/2～3h；该体系陶瓷具有较宽的烧结温度范围，较合适的烧结工艺为：1150～1190℃/2～3h。     

BNi-2钎焊1Cr18Ni9Ti工艺的研究

采用钎焊接头楔形间隙图,对BNi-2钎料钎焊1crl8Ni9Ti的最大钎焊间隙进行分析,考察BNi-2钎料钎焊1Cr18Ni9Ti的钎焊工艺及钎焊后扩散热处理工艺对最大钎焊间隙的影响.实验结果得出,BNi-2钎焊1Cr18Ni9Ti的最佳钎焊温度为1150℃,保温时间为55 min;钎焊后合适的扩散热处理温度为:1000℃,保温时间为60～90 min.     

Sr2NaMg2V3O12的合成及发光性研究

采用高温固相法制备了Sr2NaMg2V3O12荧光粉,研究了焙烧温度、保温时间和NH4VO3用量等工艺参数对合成产物发光性能的影响,得出优化的工艺条件为NH4VO3过量1.5%,600℃预烧2h后900℃保温6h。所合成Sr2NaMg2V3O12荧光粉在紫外激发下发淡蓝绿色近白光,荧光光谱分析结果显示其激发峰主要位于波长小于390nm的近紫外和紫外区,发射谱带为400～640nm,发射主峰位于470nm左右,有望成为新型近白光LED荧光粉。     

Ba0.8Sr0.2Ti0.5Mn0.5O3纳米晶体的合成及气敏性质研究

采用复合碱媒介法(CHM),在合成BaMnO3和Ba0.5Sr0.5MnO3的基础上,以Sr(NO3)2、BaCO3以及MnO2和TiO2为原料,在200℃、24h的生长条件下,用20%的Sr离子替代20%的Ba离子,用50%的Ti离子替代50%的Mn离子成功合成了Ba0.8Sr0.2Ti0.5Mn0.5O3纳米晶体。采用XRD、SEM及EDS对产物的晶相、形貌和成分进行了分析,对Ba0.8Sr0.2Ti0.5Mn0.5O3制作的电极进行了气敏性质的测定。     

固相法合成Ag(Nb0.8Ta0.2)O3的研究

以不同固相合成工艺制备了Ag（Nb0．8Ta0．2）O3粉末，并对其压片烧结后样品的XRD和SEM图进行了分析，对成瓷性较好的样品的介电性能进行了测试．结果表明：不同工艺均可合成具有钙钛矿结构的Ag（Nb0.8Ta0．2）O3（ANT）样品，但对样品成瓷性影响很大．通过先将Nb2O5、Ta2O5在1200℃煅烧，然后再同Ag2O反应生成Ag（Nb0．8Ta0．2）O3的合成工艺，在较低的烧结温度下，就可烧制成粒径均匀、致密的陶瓷，相比其他工艺合成的样品，其介电常数（ε）得到了提高，介电损耗（tanδ）变小，为最佳合成工艺．     

Ba2Ti9O20陶瓷流延浆料的流变性能和流延成型研究

以BaCO3和TiO2粉末为原料,采用固相反应法合成Ba2Ti9O20的粉体,并以此粉体为主要原料添加适量的分散剂、粘结剂及塑性剂,采用流延法制备Ba2Ti9O20陶瓷膜片。研究了不同种类和配比的溶剂、不同种类和含量的分散剂对Ba2Ti9O20流延浆料的流变特性的影响。结果表明,当选用异丙醇和甲苯(体积比为75:25)为溶剂,固含量Ba2Ti9O2054wt%,分散剂蓖麻油0.5wt%,粘结剂聚乙烯醇缩丁醛5wt%,塑性剂聚乙二醇5wt%时,流延浆料的流变性能较好,浆料的粘度为9.1Pa.s。     

微波熔盐法合成片状晶体SrTiO3

采用在熔盐法中引入微波场的人工晶体生长新技术，在低温下成功地合成出了片状晶体SrTiO3。首先在助熔剂NaCl-KCl中合成片状前驱体Sr3Ti2O7，然后在片状晶体Sr3Ti2O7上外延生长制备出片状晶体SrTiO3，采用XRD和SEM分析产物的结构。结果表明，利用微波熔盐法在750℃保温3h得到了尺寸为10μm的片状Sr3Ti2O7，将前驱体Sr3Ti2O7和TiO2在微波场中于700℃保温2h得到了10～20μm的片状晶体SrTiO3。和常规熔盐法相比，微波熔盐法降低了SrTiO3的合成温度，节省了晶化时间，大幅度地降低了能耗。     

Magnetic coupling in La0.67Ca0.33MnO3/La0.67Sr0.33CoO3/La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 sandwiches

La_0.67Ca_0.33MnO₃ (LCMO)/La_0.67Sr_0.33CoO₃ (LSCO)/LCMO trilayer films are fabricated on single-crystal substrates NdGaO₃ (110) and the interlayer coupling are investigated. Compared with LCMO single layer, sandwiches showed the enhanced metal-insulator transition temperature of LCMO layers. The magnetoresistance is dependent on spacer thickness and the peak value dramatically decreases when LSCO layer is thick enough because of shorting by the LSCO layer. The magnetic coercivity H_C shows a nonmonotonic behavior with changing spacer layer thickness and the waist-like hysteresis indicates that there is an indirect exchange coupling between the top and bottom LCMO layers across the spacer layer.     

Varistor properties of ZnO-Pr6O11-CoO-Cr2O3-Y2O3-In2O3 ceramics

The varistor properties of the ZnO-Pr₆O₁₁-CoO-Cr₂O₃-Y₂O₃-In₂O₃ ceramics were investigated for different concentrations of In₂O₃. The increase of In₂O₃ concentration slightly increased the sintered density (5.60-5.63 g/cm³) and slightly decreased the average grain size (3.4-2.9 μm). The breakdown field increased from 6023 to 14822 V/cm with increasing concentration of In₂O₃. The nonlinear coefficient increased from 17.6 to 44.6 for up to 0.005 mol%, whereas the further doping caused it to decrease to 36.8. In₂O₃ acted as an acceptor due to the donor concentration, which decreases in the range of 1.02 × 10¹⁷ to 0.24 × 10¹⁷/cm³ with increasing concentration of In₂O₃.     

Microstructures of YBa2Cu3O7/La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 and La0.7Ca0.3MnO3/YBa2Cu3O7 bi-layers grown on (001)LaAlO3

Epitaxial YBa₂Cu₃O₇/La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃ (YBCO/LCMO) bi-layers and La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃/YBa₂Cu₃O₇ (LCMO/YBCO) bi-layers were grown on (001)LaAlO₃ by pulsed laser deposition, and their microstructures were compared by transmission electron microscopy investigation. In the YBCO(100 nm)/LCMO(150 nm) bi-layers, the LCMO layer consists of columnar grains of ~ 17 nm in diameter and contains mixed orientation domains of [100]_c, [010]_c and [001]_c. The YBCO layer is totally c-axis oriented and the YBCO lattices are tilted − 2.5° to + 2.5° as they grew on the rough surfaces of LCMO columnar grains. For the LCMO(140 nm)/YBCO(140 nm) bi-layers, the LCMO/YBCO interface is sharp and flat. The initial 12-nm thickness of the YBCO layer is composed of c-axis oriented domains, and the upper part of YBCO layer is [100] oriented. The LCMO layer was predominantly [001]_c oriented while [100]_c-oriented domains were occasionally observed.     

Nanocrystallization of SrBi2Nb2O9 from glasses in the system Li2B4O7---SrO---Bi2O3---Nb2O5

Transparent glasses in the system (100−x)Li₂B₄O₇–x(SrO---Bi₂O₃---Nb₂O₅) (10≤x≤60) (in molar ratio) were fabricated by a conventional melt-quenching technique. Amorphous and glassy characteristics of the as-quenched samples were established via X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and differential thermal analyses (DTA) respectively. Glass–ceramics embedded with strontium bismuth niobate, SrBi₂Nb₂O₉ (SBN) nanocrystals were produced by heat-treating the as-quenched glasses at temperatures higher than 500 °C. Perovskite SBN phase formation through an intermediate fluorite phase in the glass matrix was confirmed by XRD and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Infrared and Raman spectroscopic studies corroborate the observation of fluorite phase formation. The dielectric constant (_r) and the loss factor (D) for the lithium borate, Li₂B₄O₇ (LBO) glass comprising randomly oriented SBN nanocrystals were determined and compared with those predicted based on the various dielectric mixture rule formalism. The dielectric constant was found to increase with increasing SBN content in LBO glass matrix.     

Syntheses of hollandite type Rb2Cr8O16, K2Cr2V6O16 and K2V8O16

Hollandite-type compounds, Rb₂Cr₈O₁₆, K₂Cr₂V₆O₁₆ and K₂V₈O₁₆, were synthesized under high P-T conditions up to 1200°C and 7GPa. The structural refinement using a single crystal of Rb₂Cr₈O₁₆ confirms that the structure is similar to that of K₂Cr₈O₁₆. Magnetic measurements indicate that Rb₂Cr₈O₁₆ is ferromagnetic below 295K, K₂Cr₂V₆O₁₆ paramagnetic down to 77K and K₂V₈O₁₆ has susceptibility anomaly at 175K. These compounds are all semiconductive and show discontinuities in temperature-resistivity curves at points corresponding to magnetic anomalies.     

PbSbBiS4-Sb2S3 and PbSbBiS4-Bi2S3 joins in the PbS-Sb2S3-Bi2S3 system

Phase equilibria along the PbSbBiS₄-Sb₂S₃ and PbSbBiS₄-Bi₂S₃ joins of the PbS-Sb₂S₃-Bi₂S₃ system have been studied for the first time using differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, microstructural analysis, microhardness tests, and density measurements, and the phase diagrams of the joins have been mapped out. The joins are shown to be pseudobinary with limited series of terminal solid solutions. The solid solutions are p-type semiconductors.     

Structural study of Sr0.3Ba0.7Nb2O6 and La0.030Sr0.255Ba0.700Nb2O6 ceramic systems

Sr_0.3Ba_0.7Nb₂O₆ (SBN) and La_0.030Sr_0.255Ba_0.700Nb₂O₆ (LSBN) ceramic compounds have been prepared using the traditional ceramic method at two different calcination temperatures (900 and 1000 °C) and later sintered both at 1400 °C. A study of the effects of the calcination temperatures and La substitution on the morphological, compositional, and structural properties of SBN and LSBN is presented using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. From Rietveld refinement processes, the XRD patterns were interpreted to evaluate such effects in the structural parameters and the site occupation factors of the heavy metals and oxygen atoms. The effect of the incorporation of La resulted in a 0.25% cell contraction and turned out to be higher than the 0.08% dilation effect produced by the increase of calcination temperature. The La ion with similar effective ionic radius and higher electronegativity is incorporated into the structure occupying the A₁ site just like the Sr ions in the SBN compound. Differences in the site occupation factors between the SBN and LSBN samples lead to substantial changes in the physical properties such as temperature of relative dielectric constant maximum, relative dielectric constant, and dielectric loss, correlated with the distortion and the relative orientation of the oxygen octahedra.     

Vapour-liquid equilibria in the ternary mixtures N2---CH4---C2H6 and N2---C2H6---C3H8

A systematic study was performed with mixtures consisting of N₂, CH₄, C₂H₆ and C₃H₈, to investigate experimentally phase equilibria and caloric properties and to test the accuracy of thermodynamic correlations. The first part of this Paper reports results of T---p---x---y measurements on ternary systems in the range 20 < p < 120 bar and 140 < T < 220 K. The results are compared with data calculated by generalized equations of state.     

静电纺丝法制备的Co0.6Ni0.3Cu0.1Fe2O4和Co0.6Ni0.3Zn0.1Fe2O4纳米纤维的结构及磁性能

采用静电纺丝技术制备出表面光滑、直径均匀的Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Cu_(0.1)Fe_2O_4/PVP和Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Zn_(0.1)Fe_2O_4/PVP纳米纤维前驱丝,经500~900℃煅烧后得到Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Cu_(0.1)Fe_2O_4和Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Zn_(0.1)Fe_2O_4纳米纤维。用TG-DSC、XRD、SEM及VSM现代测试分析手段对Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Cu_(0.1)Fe_2O_4和Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Zn_(0.1)Fe_2O_4纳米纤维的结构、形貌及磁学性能进行测试表征。结果表明:在空气气氛中经500~900℃煅烧后可得到纯尖晶石相、结晶度良好的纳米纤维或短纤维;当温度为700℃时,Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Cu_(0.1)Fe_2O_4和Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Zn_(0.1)Fe_2O_4纳米纤维的形貌细长而光滑且直径相对均匀,大约为80nm;此时Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Cu_(0.1)Fe_2O_4纳米纤维则保有较高的剩磁比(M_r/M_s)及矫顽力,分别为0.56和1 088.87Oe。在500℃、600℃、700℃、800℃、900℃煅烧后,Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Zn_(0.1)Fe_2O_4纳米纤维的饱和磁化强度分别比Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Cu_(0.1)Fe_2O_4纳米纤维增大了14.5%、7%、16%、10.7%、8%,而矫顽力则分别降低了38%、51%、50%、46%、46.7%。两种纳米纤维的饱和磁化强度及矫顽力存在差异,为CoNi铁氧体在电磁方面的应用提供了很好的参考。     

The effect of Bi1.5Zn0.5Nb0.5Ti1.5O7 cover layer on the dielectric and tunable properties of Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3/Bi1.5Zn0.5Nb0.5Ti1.5O7 bilayered thin films

Bi_1.5Zn_0.5Nb_0.5Ti_1.5O₇ (BZNT) thin films with different thicknesses as cover layers were deposited on the Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃ (BST) thin films on the Pt/Ti/SiO₂/Si substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering method. The microstructure, surface morphology, dielectric and tunable properties of BST/BZNT heterogeneous bilayered films were investigated as a function of the thickness of BZNT films and the effect of BZNT films on the asymmetric electrical properties of BST/BZNT bilayered films was discussed. It was found that BZNT cover layer significantly improved the leakage current and the dielectric loss, and the dielectric constant and tunability of BST/BZNT bilayered thin films simultaneously decreased with the increasing thickness of BZNT films. The BST/BZNT bilayered thin film with a 50 nm BZNT cover layer gave the largest figure of merit (FOM) of 33.48 with the upper tunability of 55.38%. The asymmetric electrical behavior of BST/BZNT bilayered films is probably related to an internal electric field caused by built-in voltages at Pt/BST and BZNT/Au interfaces.