养老设施适老化产品满意度多层次模糊综合评价

目的 养老设施适老化产品设计是养老环境研究体系中的重要内容,老年群体满意度是评判其设计品质的重要依据。对养老设施适老化产品满意度进行测评研究,为适老化产品优化提出建议。方法 搜集、筛选感性词汇,运用层次分析法确立以感性词汇为基础的养老设施适老化产品满意度评价指标体系。基于SPSS因子分析确定问卷设计,计算指标权重。针对上海某养老设施,运用模糊综合评价法进行老年群体满意度评价。结论 老年群体对该养老设施适老化产品达到基本满意水平。通过Pearson相关系数分析发现影响适老化产品老年群体满意度的显著因子,得出基于老年群体满意度的养老设施适老化产品优化设计策略。研究结果有望推进适老化产品的设计思考与完善。     

基于游客满意度的中国传统古村镇旅游发展研究

游客满意度评价是影响旅游发展质量的重要因素。本文基于游客满意度分析,采用问卷调查与因子分析相结合的方法,以上饶篁岭、江湾及李坑为样本,对中国传统古村镇旅游满意度及其主要影响因子进行分析。结果表明,三大景区游客满意度主要受到景区住宿和餐饮的服务质量及性价比、景区公共基础设施、景区商品及购物点、景区门票性价比和服务人员的质量等因素的影响,据此从产品、市场、服务、特色等角度对传统古村镇的旅游发展提出优化建议。     

旅游景点的视觉标识设计研究

以旅游景区标识为研究对象,首先分析旅游标识的定义、功能和类型划分,然后分析旅游标识内容的构成因素及其对解说效果的影响关系,探讨旅游标识的规划原则、构成要素;最后,分析国内外旅游景区标识的研究现状和存在的问题,提出针对性的建议.     

世界遗产地景观解说牌内容设计研究

目的设计出满足世界遗产地要求的景观解说牌。方法引进美国国家公园解说牌内容设计标准,以新疆喀拉峻景区为例,结合中国景区现状进行实证研究。结论提出了适合中国景区景观解说牌内容设计项目的规范化建设及设计流程,并指出设计师应了解宏观解说系统、熟悉微观设计原则、熟练运用九宫格版式编排方法对图文元素进行创造性结合,这是设计出高水平、高质量的景观解说牌的关键所在。     

美国国家公园旅游解说系统研究——以黄石国家公园为例

作为美国国家公园的代表,黄石国家公园的解说系统经历了长期的探索与发展,已形成完善的体系。本文对黄石国家公园的解说系统进行了研究分析,以期对国内景区有借鉴作用。     

基于SERVQUAL模型的水上娱乐设施设计研究

目的 由于水上娱乐设施具有普适性,而各景区气候、地形、水系和发展重点不同,本文以木兰天池水上娱乐设施为例,旨在为其提出设计优化策略并对其进行设计研究。方法 首先,提取自然环境要素因子和娱乐设施要素因子,得出综合要素因子分类,即人员服务、设施服务、设施安全;其次,以SERVQUAL模型的五个维度为基准,构建出服务评价量表并采用选项隶属度计算进行筛选,得出最终服务评价量表;随后运用调查问卷、信度效度分析、因子分析;最后,计算出各指标感知与期望的差值。结果 舒适度、分流分区、环境安全、材料材质安全、结构安全、维护维修是木兰天池景区水上娱乐设施的主要设计要素,以此进行木兰天池景区水上娱乐设施设计研究。结论 此方法为设计景区同类水上娱乐设施提供了理论依据。     

老旧小区公共空间设施适老化评价研究

目的 为强化老旧小区公共空间设施适老化需求要素与产品设计之间的联系,优化老年人的使用体验,提出一种基于KJ法、AHP-熵权法和SD法的综合评价体系。方法 首先,运用KJ法收集、整合、筛选老旧小区公共空间设施产品的适老化需求要素;其次,运用层次分析法构建评价指标体系,通过AHP-熵权法计算各需求指标的综合权重并进行优先级排序,针对徐州市某老旧小区的公共空间设施产品,运用SD法进行适老化满意度评价;最后,结合指标权重与满意度评价结果得出该小区公共空间设施适老化评价得分。结果通过实际案例验证了评价体系的科学性和实用性,根据综合评价结果提出公共空间设施产品适老化设计优化方向。结论 评价模型结合了老年群体的实际需求和行业专家的专业判断,为老旧小区公共空间设施产品适老化设计优化提供了理论依据和量化指标,对提升老年群体的使用满意度具有重要作用。     

基于Miryoku工程理论的南丹白裤瑶景区公共设施设计研究

目的 为改善广西河池市南丹县白裤瑶景区公共设施建设情况较差、无法营造地域文化特色的现状,对景区公共设施进行改造。方法 以Miryoku工程为理论基础,选取35个白裤瑶公共设施(作为研究样本)及32名受访者,使用评价构造法提取样本公共设施的魅力因素,再联合KJ法进行魅力语义的分类整理,制作评价构造图;根据评价构造进行公共设施的设计要素分析和样本的魅力语义关联分析。通过数量化I类分析,建立数学模型,体现魅力因素和公共设施设计要素之间的映射关系,得出设计项目偏相关系数、设计类目得分和决定系数,进而指导景区公共设施的设计。结论 通过研究分析了白裤瑶公共设施设计要素和游客感性意向之间的关联性,求出了用户偏好的设计要素权重,对景区公共设施进行创新设计,并通过问卷调查对设计结果进行了验证。结果表明,设计出的公共设施更能满足用户的偏好,可以体现地域文化特色、提升景区氛围、提高游客的认同感,此研究方法也可为类似的景区公共设施设计改造提供参考。     

建立商品包装评价指标体系

对于商品的包装,影响顾客满意度水平的因素是复杂多样的。随着社会生活水平的提高,物质资料的丰富,使人们对商品包装的要求越来越高,尤其是产品包装的宜人性、货架效果等。包装的功能已不局限于保护产品,它的功能已扩展到安全、信息传达、社会识别及增值等功能。顾客满意度的评价指标具有相应的层次性、复杂性和综合性等特征。为客观、真实、公正地评价顾客满意度,应当本着科学性、代表性、全面性、通用性、可行性、动态性、系统性的原则,结合现有评价体系的研究成果,建立指标评价体系。指标体系由6个方面14项指标构成。     

产品设计中PAP评价体系的构建

阐明了产品设计中对消费者心理进行合理分析的必要性,提出产品心理属性(PAP)评价体系的概念,并对其进行了横向和纵向两个角度的研究,通过需求分析、评价体系框架图、数值分析计算和权重的比较,建立起横纵相关的三维评价体系框架,完善了产品心理属性(PAP)评价体系.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.