大块非晶形成合金液体的热物理性能与玻璃形成能力

大块非晶合金由于其优异的性能而成的具有很大潜力的新材料，而合金的玻璃形成能力（GFA）的大小是能否获得大块非晶合金的根本所在。因此研究合金的玻璃形成能力成为材料科学领域重要的研究课题。本文从液体热物理性能出发，结合在这些方面所做的研究工作对大块非晶形成合金液体的玻璃形成能力做了一些探讨，希望对大块非晶合的研究有所裨益。     

大块非晶合金形成的控制因素与制备技术

综合评述了大块非晶合金形成的主要控制因素和提高玻璃形成能力的机制，简介制备大块非晶合金的技术及其组织结构与性能特点，提出进一步开展计算机辅助合金设计，以寻求具有极大玻璃形成能力的合金系统，采用铸造成型促进实用化进程。     

大块非晶合金的玻璃形成能力

对描述大块非晶合金玻璃形成能力(GFA)的各种判据△T*、Kg1、S、△Tx、Trg、FBMG,以及用理论公式、TTT曲线法、CCT曲线法计算的形成大块非晶所需的临界冷速Rc进行了分析和讨论.结果表明,这些大块非晶合金的GFA判据在一定程度上可以反映大块非晶合金的某些性质,但单一的判据不能直观地表征大块非晶合金的GFA大小,根据TTT曲线及CCT曲线得到的临界冷速Rc及所能制备的大块非晶合金的最大尺寸tmax是表征大块非晶玻璃形成能力的基本参量.     

Cu基块体非晶合金的研究进展

综述了国内外最近几年来Cu基大块非晶合金的研究现状,介绍了Cu基大块非晶合金在玻璃形成能力、机械性能、耐腐蚀性能、非晶-纳米晶合金方面的研究成果,最后探讨了Cu基大块非晶合金未来的研究重点.     

大块非晶合金数据库的开发

近年来，国际上关于大块非晶合金的研究取得了巨大的进展，积累了大量的研究数据及资料。大块非晶材料的研制及应用的关键在于寻求具有极大玻璃形成能力的大块非晶合金系统，以便可采用常规技术模铸成型。以计算材料科学和数据库为基础，开展计算机辅助合金成分设计将逐渐取代传统合金系统“试差”的研究方法。大块非晶合金数据库使大量繁杂凌乱的数据呈现系统化，规律化，涵盖大量有关大块非晶合金领域的研究数据资料及文献全文，具     

Mg-Cu-Y基大块金属玻璃的研究进展

综述了近几年来Mg-Cu-Y基大块金属玻璃在玻璃形成能力和性能上的研究进展,阐述了各种合金化元素对提高玻璃形成能力和性能的作用机理,并提出了Mg-Cu-Y基多元非晶合金成分的选择依据.最后分析了Mg基大块金属玻璃目前存在的问题,并就以后Mg基非晶合金的发展动向进行了展望.     

Ti基大块非晶合金研究进展

钛合金由于具有高的比强度，在许多领域中得到广泛应用。Ti基大块非晶合金具有更高的比强度，是极具发展潜力的机构材料。本文综述了Ti基大块非晶合金的成分设计、玻璃形成能力、制备技术及机械性能，介绍了目前该领域的研究现状。     

基于动力学的大块金属玻璃形成能力研究

快速判定大块金属玻璃（BMG）的玻璃形成能力（GFA）是开发新型BMG的关键。基于加和性原则，用动力学理论解释了约化玻璃转变温度Trg作为合金玻璃形成能力的可行性和局限性，为制备非晶合金提供了理论依据，合金能形成BMG的最低Trg为0.4066，同时找到了玻璃形成能力最佳的两个理论约化玻璃温度，即Trg=1和Trg=0；提出了判定GFA大小及其稳定性的两个新的参量摩尔熔化热ΔHmg和稳定性CPS，并用它计算了BMG合金系的GFA大小及其稳定性，BMG的GFA大小顺序与井上明久（Inoue）的排列顺序吻合     

大块非晶合金的形成能力

通过对Ｚｒ、Ｌａ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｇ、Ｔｉ、Ｎｄ基合金系中Ｔｒｇ、ΔＴｘ、Ｓ、Ｊ、Ｋｇｌ五个参数与临界冷却速率Ｒｃ之间关系的讨论来预测这些新型大块非晶形成合金的玻璃形成能力（ＧＦＡ）;结果发现参数Ｔｒｇ、Ｊ不能有效地反映这些合金系的ＧＦＡ,而参数ΔＴｘ、Ｓ、Ｋｇｌ较好地代表了这些大块非晶形成合金的ＧＦＡ。又由于Ｓ、Ｋｇｌ与ΔＴｘ成正比,所以将参数ΔＴｘ作为这些大块非晶形成合金ＧＦＡ最合适的判据;最后初步探讨了形成大ＧＦＡ的原因     

大块非晶合金的研究动态及应用前景

综述了大块非晶合金的各种制备方法、性能特点及应用前景,主要介绍了国内外该领域主要的研究进展和研究动态。着重介绍了具有极大非晶形成能力的Zr基、Cu基大块非晶合金,它们都能在较低的冷却速率（1K／s左右）下用铜模铸造法制备,具有高的强度、高耐腐蚀性和优异的加工成型性能。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.