SiC 涂层对不同碳基体氧化防护行为的研究

为了提高碳材料的抗氧化性能,采用料浆烧结法在石墨和C/C复合材料上制备了SiC 抗氧化涂层.测试了SiC涂层在1200℃的高温下对不同碳基体的氧化防护能力,利用扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)对涂层结构进行分析.结果表明:SiC涂层对不同碳材料的抗氧化防护行为有很大差异,在1200℃的高温下SiC涂层对石墨具有较好的抗氧化性能,而对C/C复合材料的氧化防护性能较差.     

SiC对熔铝石墨坩埚抗氧化性能的影响

采用鳞片状石墨、SiC、硅粉和高岭土等主要原料制备含SiC的熔铝石墨坩埚,试样分别在1050、1100、1150和1200℃保温3h烧成,随后将试样分别加热到700、800和900℃保温6h进行氧化试验。研究了SiC的加入量、烧成温度、氧化温度和时间对试样抗氧化性能的影响。结果表明,随着SiC含量的增加,坩埚的抗氧化性能得到明显的改善,这种作用在较高温度下尤为显著;SiC含量较多的试样,失重曲线平缓,失重率较小;试样的最佳烧成温度应控制在1100～1150℃之间;随着氧化温度的升高和氧化时间的延长,试样的失重率增加,尤其是在700～800℃氧化温度下。     

SiC纳米粒子对纳米硫化物等离子涂层摩擦学特性的影响

利用等离子喷涂技术在GCr15钢表面制备了含不同比例之SiC的FeS纳米-亚微米结构硫化物固体润滑涂层.在SRV型摩擦磨损试验机上测试了涂层在无润滑不同温度条件下的摩擦学性能.利用扫描电子显微镜观察分析了涂层的形貌.结果表明,FeS纳米-亚微米硫化物涂层在加入一定比例的SiC纳米颗粒后,可以降低硫化物涂层的摩擦系数,提高涂层的耐磨性.在中低温(350℃以下),当SiC含量达到10%～20%时,涂层摩擦系数降低10%以上,耐磨性提高20%以上.     

纳米和微米ZrB_2-SiC粉末对涂层高温抗氧化性能的影响

选用纳米团聚粉末和常规微米商用ZrB_2-SiC粉末,利用超音速等离子喷涂在310S耐热不锈钢基体上制备高温抗氧化ZrB_2-SiC复合涂层。采用XRD、SEM、EDS分析涂层组织结构;拉伸法测定涂层结合强度;静态高温氧化法表征涂层抗高温氧化性能。优化了喷涂距离,研究纳米和微米ZrB_2-SiC粉末对涂层形貌、组织结构及性能的影响。结果表明:纳米团聚粉末(n-ZS)涂层表面孔隙和微裂纹较微米商用粉末(m-ZS)涂层大幅减少,涂层更为致密;n-ZS涂层结合强度达到44.6 MPa,较m-ZS涂层提升了约67%;经过1 100℃、50 h的高温氧化试验,n-ZS涂层增重明显低于m-ZS涂层,氧化倾向低,具有更好的高温抗氧化能力。     

炭材料高温抗氧化莫来石/SiC复合涂层的制备及其1150℃高温抗氧化性能(英文)

采用化学气相反应及料浆刷涂烧结复合工艺在石墨表面制备高温抗氧化莫来石/SiC复合涂层。XRD物相分析结果显示涂层外层由莫来石及微量SiO2相组成,涂层内层主要由β-SiC相组成。通过高温抗氧化试验研究涂层的高温抗氧化行为并测试涂层氧化后的洛氏硬度。结果表明:所制备的莫来石/SiC复合涂层具有良好的高温抗氧化及热震性能,经过1150℃、109h的高温氧化及12次1150℃→室温的循环热震试验后,涂层试样的质量增加率为0.085%。硬度测试结果表明:所制备的莫来石/SiC复合涂层各层之间具有良好的结合性能。     

高温气冷堆燃料元件基体石墨的SiC/SiO2抗氧化涂层研究

提高高温气冷堆用石墨的抗氧化性能对改进高温气冷堆的安全性具有重要意义.通过热力学分析确认了SiC/SiO2,复合涂层在高温气冷堆正常服役条件和事故条件下均能保证其长期热稳定性.结合气相反应扩散法、泥浆浸渗法和高温氧化法,在高温气冷堆燃料元件基体石墨表面制备出SiC/SiO2复合涂层;对涂覆SiC/SiO2复合涂层的高温气冷堆燃料元件基体石墨在各种氧化条件下的氧化行为进行了分析.结果表明在高温气冷堆用石墨可能遇到的多种氧化条件下,SiC/SiO2复合涂层均能够保持长期稳定并显著改善基体石墨的抗氧化性能.     

ZrB2-MoSi2/SiC涂层C/C复合材料的制备及氧化性能（英文）

为了提高C/C复合材料的抗氧化性,在C/C复合材料基体上制备了ZrB2-MoSi2/SiC涂层。采用包埋法制备SiC中间层,采用喷涂法制备ZrB2-MoSi2外涂层。用XRD和SEM分别分析、测试所制备涂层的物相组成和显微结构,研究涂层复合材料的高温抗氧化性能。结果表明:C/C复合材料的外涂层由ZrB2、MoSi2和SiC三相组成;在1273K和1773K下分别氧化30h和10h后ZrB2-MoSi2/SiC涂层试样的质量损失分别为5.3%和3.0%,涂层表面长有纳米SiC晶须。C/C复合材料ZrB2-MoSi2/SiC涂层具有自愈合特性和良好的高温抗氧化性能。     

石墨抗氧化SiC涂层的制备与性能研究

本文以SiC、Si和酚醛树脂为主要原料,通过浸涂和气相渗硅两步法在石墨表面制备了SiC抗氧化涂层。利用XRD、SEM研究了涂层的相组成与形貌。结果表明,气相渗硅后涂层的主相为α-SiC,β-SiC和Si,其中Si是气相渗硅过程中残留的。涂层与基体之间具有过渡结构,致密度良好。抗氧化和抗热震实验表明：由气相渗硅工艺制备的SiC涂层结构致密,具有良好的抗氧化性能,1200℃空气条件下氧化16 h后试样每小时增重量约为2.18 mg/cm₂。涂层具有良好的抗热震性能,经1000 ℃—室温循环热震15次后试样质量变化百分率仅为-0.17%。     

SiZr液相烧结法制备SiC-ZrC涂层对C/SiC复合材料抗氧化性能的影响

使用Si-25％Zr(质量分数)合金通过液相烧结法在C/SiC复合材料表面制备了SiC-ZrC抗氧化涂层,研究了烧结过程中涂层的相结构演化,并测试了1400℃及空气气氛下材料的抗氧化性能,分析了涂层氧化前后显微结构的变化,以及氧化对C/SiC复合材料弯曲性能的影响.结果表明,Zr元素在涂层中以ZrC相的形式存在,ZrC颗粒的引入细化了反应SiC层的组织,在氧化过程中形成致密连续的SiO2薄膜,并在氧化500 s后试样出现增重,制备了SiC-ZrC抗氧化涂层的C/SiC样品在1000 s的氧化实验后弯曲强度下降低于5％.     

纳米颗粒增强NiCoCrAlY熔覆涂层的高温摩擦磨损行为

采用激光熔覆技术,在镍基高温合金表面制备相同含量的3种不同纳米颗粒增强的NiCoCrAlY涂层,考察它们在500℃空气氛围下的干摩擦磨损行为,并与未加纳米颗粒的涂层进行比较。结果表明：纳米颗粒增强涂层的高温摩擦磨损机制与未加纳米颗粒的涂层一致,均为强烈塑性变形引起的剥层磨损和氧化磨损;加入纳米颗粒后,涂层的摩擦因数增大且随滑行距离的增加呈减小趋势,涂层的磨损率仅为未加纳米颗粒涂层的34.0%～64.5%。在3种纳米颗粒中,纳米SiC颗粒对涂层高温耐磨性的改善最为显著。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.     

Structural Optimization of Electromagnetic Swirling Flow in Nozzle of Slab Continuous Casting

During the slab continuous casting process, the flow field of molten steel in the mold plays a decisive role in the quality of the slab. In this paper, electromagnetic swirling flow in nozzle technology is proposed to control the flow field in mold.This technology can drive molten steel to rotate inside the submerged entry nozzle by electromagnetic force, thereby controlling the flow field. This research shows that it can reduce the impact of molten steel on the bottom of nozzle and partly reduce the negative pressure at the upper part of nozzle outlet which is even eliminated by optimizing the structure and angle of nozzle. The area of heat flux of the mold wall becomes larger, and the crest value of heat flux gets lower than that without swirling in nozzle and any nozzle optimization. The meniscus fluctuates smoothly, and the flow velocity at the top surface is within a reasonable range. The temperature field distribution in the mold is uniform which was beneficial to the growth of equiaxed crystal and decreased element segregation.