煤粉燃烧法附产氧化铝熟料的实验研究

为了实现在高铝煤粉燃烧过程中同时产出氧化铝熟料的副产品.将消石灰和高铝煤混合磨细,在马弗炉中高温煅烧,在燃烧过程中煤灰质和氧化钙直接反应,使得氧化铝熟料的煅烧在煤粉燃烧过程中一次完成.实验结果表明:消石灰质量分数最佳范围为29.23%～31.54%,最佳的燃烧温度为1200℃,熟料的主要矿物成分是Ca2SiO4、Ca4Al6O12SO4和黄长石相;另外热重分析表明,添加消石灰后,混煤的燃烧特性比纯煤更好.     

熟料烧结过程中氧化铁反应行为的热力学分析

通过对Fe2O3与碳酸钠、氧化钙以及硅酸钙反应的热力学分析,明确Fe2O3在铝土矿炉料烧结过程中的热力学反应规律。热力学计算、分析结果表明:Fe2O3在正常烧结温度范围内能与Na2CO3或CaO发生反应,但更易与CaO反应形成2CaO.Fe2O3或CaO.Fe2O3,Fe2O3和Na2O.Fe2O3能使2CaO.SiO2和3CaO.2SiO2转变为CaO.SiO2,CaO.SiO2进一步与Na2O.Al2O3或Na2O.Fe2O3反应生成不溶的三元化合物而造成烧结法生产氧化铝过程中Na2O和Al2O3的损失。4CaO.Al2O3.Fe2O3不能由铁酸钙和铝酸钠相互反应产生,而可能是CaO、Al2O3和Fe2O3三者直接反应的产物,且在烧结条件下Na2O.Fe2O3可分解4CaO.Al2O3.Fe2O3。     

氧化钠对CaO-Al2O3-SiO2三元系铝酸钙形成规律的影响（英文）

利用XRD、SEMEDS和DSCTG技术研究了添加Na2O的CaO-Al2O3-SiO2体系中铝酸钙的形成规律。结果表明,当Al2O3与SiO2的质量比为3.0、CaO与Al2O3的摩尔比为1.0时,在1350°C烧结后的熟料主要由12CaO·7Al2O3、2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2和2CaO·SiO2组成。熟料中12CaO·7Al2O3的含量随着Na2O的增加而增加,2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2的含量随着Na2O的增加而降低。Na2O在12CaO·7Al2O3中形成固溶体,增加了其单位晶胞体积。DSC分析表明,Na2O不仅促进了12CaO·7Al2O3的形成,而且使C12A7的形成温度降低了30°C。烧结熟料中的氧化铝溶出性能随着Na2O的增加而大幅度提高。     

氧化钠对CaO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2三元系铝酸钙形成规律的影响(英文)

利用XRD、SEMEDS和DSCTG技术研究了添加Na2O的CaO-Al2O3-SiO2体系中铝酸钙的形成规律。结果表明,当Al2O3与SiO2的质量比为3.0、CaO与Al2O3的摩尔比为1.0时,在1350°C烧结后的熟料主要由12CaO·7Al2O3、2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2和2CaO·SiO2组成。熟料中12CaO·7Al2O3的含量随着Na2O的增加而增加,2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2的含量随着Na2O的增加而降低。Na2O在12CaO·7Al2O3中形成固溶体,增加了其单位晶胞体积。DSC分析表明,Na2O不仅促进了12CaO·7Al2O3的形成,而且使C12A7的形成温度降低了30°C。烧结熟料中的氧化铝溶出性能随着Na2O的增加而大幅度提高。     

氧化铝熟料循环溶出过程中苛性比的行为

石灰石烧结法提取氧化铝的熟料中含有少量β-2CaO.SiO2,而β-2CaO.SiO2被NaOH分解,其分解产物又与NaAl(OH)4发生相互作用,生成水合铝酸钙,造成氧化铝的损失;二次反应过程生成Ca(OH)2使赤泥沉降性能下降;随着β-2CaO.SiO2分解产生Na2SiO3的增加,也增加了脱硅的难度。采用严格控制苛性比进行循环溶出,可以有效抑制二次反应,减少氧化铝的损失。实验研究表明:赤泥溶出过程苛性比为1.8,溶出熟料过程苛性比为1.4时,能够有效的抑制β-2CaO.SiO2分解,使氧化铝的溶出率提高了近5%。     

MgO对铝酸钙炉渣体系浸出和自粉性能的影响

通过向纯体系铝酸钙炉渣中添加MgO,研究了不同MgO含量对铝酸钙炉渣氧化铝浸出和自粉性能的影响,并通过XRD等分析手段初步探讨了作用机理,结果表明:铝酸钙炉渣中含有MgO时,会生成20CaO·13Al2O3·3MgO·3SiO2,当MgO含量大于2%后,Al2O3在炉渣中的赋存状态主要为20CaO·13Al2O3·3MgO·3SiO2.添加MgO对铝酸钙炉渣的粒度影响不大,当MgO添加量达到4%时,炉渣的自粉率仍在92%以上.随着MgO添加量的增大,铝酸钙炉渣的氧化铝浸出性能明显下降.20CaO·13Al2O3·3MgO·3SiO2可溶于碳酸钠溶液,但其氧化铝的浸出性能远低于12CaO·7Al2O3.     

高CaO煤灰渣用碳酸钠溶液溶出氧化铝可能性的研究

由于含CaO的原煤或以石灰为黏结剂制成的型煤在我国应用广泛,这些煤炭燃烧或煤气化的灰渣可能含有铝酸钙。X-射线衍射,扫描电镜微区分析和碳酸钠溶液溶出实验证明:上海焦化厂Texaco型煤气发生炉炉渣和四明化工厂的煤气发生炉炉渣中均有部分氧化铝成CaO.Al2O3相存在,可用碳酸钠稀溶液溶出制成铝酸钠溶液。我们试用阳泉煤煤粉加适量氧化钙制成型煤,点火燃烧。燃烧灰渣经X-射线衍射分析证明其主成分为γ-Ca2SiO4和5CaO.3Al2O3。用碳酸钠稀溶液在50℃溶出,氧化铝溶出率达97.6%。若将本来就含CaO的煤或型煤的CaO含量略加调整,使其灰渣能用碳酸纳溶液溶出,就有可能省去石灰烧结法的烧结工序,只用石灰烧结法“后半段”从煤的灰渣提取氧化铝。     

强化石灰烧结法中硅的行为研究

针对我国铝土矿资源特点和我国烧结法生产氧化铝的现状,对强化石灰烧结法中硅的行为进行研究。采用铝硅比为3.84的矿石,按照钙铝比为1.3~1.5进行配料,在1270℃以上进行熟料烧成。实验结果表明:熟料烧成无困难,熟料中氧化铝含量达到了48%~53%,熟料中主要物相为CaO.Al2O3和2CaO.Al2O3.SiO2,烧结熟料溶出性能好;烧结熟料溶出后粗液中硅含量仅为20mg/L~30mg/L,硅量指数可达1000以上,可省去专门的脱硅工序;提出用"纯氧化铝溶出率"作为烧结法的经济指标,强化石灰烧结法用A/S比为3.84的矿物达到了强化碱石灰烧结法A/S7的指标,且碱耗更低。     

20CaO·13Al2O3·3MgO·3SiO2的合成与氧化铝的浸出性能

使用分析纯试剂配料,在1 500 ℃、保温1 h的条件下得到了四元化合物20CaO·13Al2O3·3MgO·3SiO2 (C20A13M3S3),研究了其氧化铝浸出性能,并通过XRD和SEM等分析了其在碳酸钠溶液中的作用机理.结果表明:C20A13M3S3具有一定的氧化铝浸出能力,其浸出率随着浸出时间的延长而提高,并在浸出2 h后达到最大值68.87%,低于同条件下12CaO·7Al2O3的氧化铝浸出率(92.78%);C20A13M3S3和Na2CO3反应的主要产物为NaAl(OH)4和CaCO3,并含有少量的Ca2SiO4和Mg(OH)2;生成的Ca2SiO4具有较高的活性,浸出2 h后,其分解率可达到19.35%.     

FCB法三丝单面埋弧自动焊焊接冶金反应分析

借助XRF、XRD、EPMA等测试手段,对FCB法三丝单面埋弧自动焊表面焊剂NSH-55E的焊接冶金反应进行了初步分析。结果表明,熔敷金属中存在少量夹渣物,主要由SiO2、FeO、CaO及CaSiO3构成;焊剂和熔渣中存在的主量物质为MgO、SiO2、CaO、Al2O3、CaF2、TiO2、Na2O、MnO、Fe2O3,另外因焊接高温化学冶金作用,熔渣中新生成了CaO·MgO·2SiO2、CaO·Al2O3·2SiO2物相;熔渣中MnO、TiO2的含量明显高于焊剂,这与焊剂中加入了一定量的锰铁和钛铁作为合金剂和脱氧剂有关。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

Formulas of Tension of Continuous Rolling Process

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.