DD3单晶合金TLP扩散焊接头的高温拉伸性能和持久性能

为了实现DD3单晶合金叶片的优质连接,采用专为DD3设计的XH4A中间层合金,对DD3进行了TLP 扩散焊试验.在1 240℃/4 h的规范下扩散焊,并在焊后按母材热处理制度进行固溶时效处理,可获得致密完整的DD3合金扩散焊接头,焊缝组织与母材类似,接头760℃和900℃拉伸强度达到母材性能指标,760℃和1 040℃持久强度分别达到母材性能指标的90%和80%.还研究了扩散焊热循环对母材组织性能的影响,结果表明,DD3合金经1 240℃/4 h热循环后,再按母材标准热处理制度进行固溶时效处理,其组织和性能与标准热处理态完全相同.研究的DD3合金TLP扩散焊工艺可用于DD3合金实际叶片构件的连接.     

DD6单晶合金TLP扩散焊试样匹配性对接头持久性能的影响

采用专为DD6单晶合金设计配制的中间层合金对晶体取向完全一致及存在一定差别(10°以内)的DD6单晶试棒进行了TLP扩散焊,测试了不同接头980℃的持久强度.试验结果表明,当二焊接试样的晶体取向完全一致时,可获得单晶化的DD6合金接头,其980℃持久性能可达到母材性能指标;当二焊接试样的晶体取向存在小的差别(10°以内)时,会在接头中局部区域产生再结晶,在一定程度上降低接头性能,此时接头980℃持久性能可达到DD6母材性能指标的80%.     

DD6单晶TLP焊保温时间及硼元素扩散距离的理论预测

采用急冷Ni-8Co-4Cr-0.5W-3.2B中间层合金箔,对DD6镍基单晶高温合金进行了瞬时过渡液相扩散连接,连接温度为1200℃。理论分析了TLP焊等温凝固时间、固相成分均匀化时间及降熔元素硼向母材的扩散深度,其值分别为6.4 h、9.6 h和170μm。试验结果表明,在1200℃×12 h进行TLP焊连接,可以获得无共晶相产生的组织均匀的等温凝固焊缝;通过对接头进行后续的标准化热处理,焊缝中γ′相完全立方化,界面两侧γ′相晶粒尺寸相同,分布均匀,排列齐整,镶嵌于连续均匀的母材之中,γ′相的结晶取向与母材相一致,实现了DD6单晶扩散连接界面组织的单晶化。理论预测结果与试验结果相吻合。     

钎焊循环对IC10合金TLP扩散焊接头高温持久性能影响

研究了钎焊循环对过渡液相扩散焊(TLP)接头高温持久性能的影响。结果表明:钎焊循环对IC10合金TLP扩散焊接头高温持久性能没有不利影响。IC10合金TLP纵向焊接接头在980℃/100 h的持久强度达到母材相应强度的87%,IC10合金TLP横向接头在980℃/100 h持久强度为120 MPa,达到母材同样条件下持久强度的92%。钎焊循环对TLP扩散焊接头断口形貌影响不大,宏观断口形貌均呈现细小凸凹,高倍微观断口呈现韧窝形貌,表明IC10合金接头为韧性断裂。     

DD3单晶合金TLP扩散焊接头组织及持久性能

采用粉状中间层合金D1P对镍基单晶高温合金DD3进行了TLP扩散焊,并对接头组织与性能进行分析研究.结果表明,D1P粉状中间层合金TLP扩散焊接头的焊缝主要由γ+γ'双相组织、枝状化合物(Mo,W,Cr,Ni)3B2和条状化合物(Cr,Mo)23(C,B)6组成,近缝区中存在块状或针状化合物相(Mo,W,Cr,Ni)3B2.接头中存在明显的组织不均匀现象,对接头性能具有明显的不利影响.接头组织不均匀现象可经过高温长时间保温消除,1 250℃/24 h/空冷扩散焊的接头,并在焊后进行时效处理,其980℃持久强度可达到母材的90%.     

DD6高温合金TLP焊接接头组织形成规律

采用镍基中间层合金,在真空钼丝炉中对第二代镍基单晶高温合金DD6进行了瞬时液相扩散焊(TLP焊)连接,焊接温度为1200℃、保温时间为12h。用标准热处理制度对其接头进行热处理,分析了热处理工艺对接头组织的影响规律。结果表明,设计的中间层合金熔点在1084~1095℃范围,组织细小均匀,满足DD6单晶的扩散连接需要;TLP焊焊缝组织由γ相和γ′相组成,无片状共晶组织形成;焊缝金属与母材结合良好,经标准热处理后γ′相发生明显的晶粒长大和立方化,并以典型的立方形形貌均匀弥散地分布于基体之中,形成了微观结构理想的扩散连接接头。     

DD6单晶TLP焊用中间层合金研究

DD6单晶是制造航天发动机涡轮叶片用新一代高温合金,TLP焊是实现DD6单晶焊接的有效方法。在合理地设计中间层合金化学成分的基础上,采用单辊急冷法制备出厚度40⁶0μm,宽约4mm的中间层合金箔,用以进行DD6单晶TLP焊,分析了接头微观组织特征及合金元素的扩散行为。结果表明,快速凝固中间层合金箔成分均匀,组织细小,熔化温度在1 07060μm,宽约4mm的中间层合金箔,用以进行DD6单晶TLP焊,分析了接头微观组织特征及合金元素的扩散行为。结果表明,快速凝固中间层合金箔成分均匀,组织细小,熔化温度在1 070¹ 074℃范围。在焊接温度T=1 200℃,保温时间t=8 h,焊接压力P=0.3 MPa条件下,获得了与单晶母材结合良好、组织致密的扩散连接接头。接头由焊缝中心区、等温凝固区及扩散区3部分组成。随着中间层中合金元素含量的减小,硼元素扩散能力增强,扩散区硼化物残留量趋于减少。     

GH3230合金TLP扩散焊工艺试验

针对航空发动机热端部件结构材料GH3230合金,设计并制造了2种TLP扩散焊用非晶态中间层,并开展了TLP扩散焊工艺试验。分析了非晶态中间层、保温时间和焊接温度对GH3230合金TLP扩散焊接头微观组织与力学性能的影响;分析了TLP扩散焊的焊接过程中组织和元素分布情况,确定了液相最大宽度和等温凝固完成需要的时间。结果表明,厚度0.025～0.035 mm表面光滑的2号中间层在几种工艺参数条件下均获得了较好的焊接质量,更加适合GH3230合金TLP扩散焊焊接;保温时间从2 h增加到8 h,等温凝固区缺陷不断减少,接头强度先升高后降低,保温4 h时强度达到最高;焊接温度从1 180 ℃升高到1 220 ℃,等温凝固区晶粒逐渐长大, 强度先增加后减少,1 200 ℃×4 h的条件下接头强度达到最高为887.68 MPa,为母材强度的97.6%,且弯曲90°后焊缝没有开裂。GH3230合金TLP扩散焊在保温2 h达到了最大液相宽度70 μm,等温凝固过程的完成时间在2～4 h之间。     

TLP焊用非晶态中间层合金的制备及焊接性能

研究了适于16Mn钢TLP焊用非晶态Ni-Si-B中间层合金的成分及相选择,在热力学模拟试验机上对16Mn钢进行了TLP焊接,分析了中间层合金的焊接性能、结合界面组织和接头力学性能.结果表明,非晶态镍基中间层合金在TLP焊16Mn钢的过程中具有良好的润湿性和铺展性.接头填充饱满,组织均匀,界面母材与原始组织相比未有粗化迹象.焊接工艺参数为轴向压力10 MPa、升温速度50℃/s、焊接温度1150℃和保温时间5min条件下,所得接头的弯曲角达90°.Ni基非晶态中间层实现了16Mn钢TLP焊高强度连接.     

IC10合金TLP扩散焊接头拉伸性能研究

TLP扩散焊技术是IC10合金涡轮导向器叶片关键制造工艺之一,TLP扩散焊接头性能直接影响着IC10合金涡轮导向器叶片的使用性能。钎焊工序是继TLP扩散焊工序之后叶片的又一制造工艺,TLP扩散焊对接接头性能及经历了钎焊工序的TLP扩散焊接头性能如何,是文中研究的重点内容。研究发现:IC10合金TLP扩散焊接头性能优良,对接接头横向室温屈服强度R_(p0.2)达到母材相应强度的98%,对接接头纵向室温屈服强度R_(p0.2)达到母材相应强度的89%;IC10合金TLP扩散焊对接接头横向高温抗拉强度达到母材相应强度的99%,对接接头纵向高温抗拉强度达到母材相应强度的98.6%。经历了钎焊循环的TLP扩散焊接头室温和高温拉伸强度均没有明显降低,与TLP扩散焊接头性能相当。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.