20~＃渗铝管－管板焊接及腐蚀试验研究

本文通过大量试验，分析和研究了渗铝钢的可焊性，研究了渗铝管－管板角焊缝的工艺，对渗铝管－管板角焊缝的抗腐蚀性进行了分析和研究，最终制订出合理的焊接工艺，并经受了生产的考验。     

20#渗铝管—管板焊接及腐蚀试验研究

本文通过大量试验，分析和研究了渗铝钢的可焊性，研究了渗铝管－管板角焊缝的工艺，对渗铝管－管板角焊缝的抗腐蚀性进行了分析了研究，最终制订出合理的焊接工艺，并经受了生产的考验。     

渗铝管合金层组织及性能研究

为研究渗铝管合金层的组织及性能,利用扫描电镜(SEM)及其配备的能谱仪(EDS),分别对渗铝管合金层的表面、截面组织进行了分析,利用显微硬度测试仪对合金层及基体硬度进行了测试。结果表明:渗铝管内外合金层表面主要为铝、铁以及少量碳元素,呈颗粒状外观;渗铝管合金层与基体之间存在呈锯齿状的分界线,合金层中Al、Fe含量分布较均匀;渗铝管合金层中存在数量较多、尺寸较大的疏松孔洞,尤其是接近表面处,孔洞中Al、Fe元素含量无异常;渗铝管中合金层硬度远大于基体硬度。     

焊接工艺对1000 MW超临界锅炉水冷壁鳍片温度分布的影响

为研究水冷壁管单面焊接的危害,以某1 000 MW超超临界锅炉水冷壁管为研究对象,采用有限元数值模拟技术,分双面焊接、向火侧未焊接、背火侧未焊接3种典型情况,建立水冷壁管的三维有限元模型,并分正常传热和传热恶化两种工况,计算水冷壁管的温度分布情况。结果表明,单面焊接对水冷壁管鳍片中心温度影响较大,对水冷壁管顶点的温度影响相对较小。向火侧未焊接对温度场分布的影响大于背火侧未焊接。向火侧未焊接情况下,算例显示,传热恶化时,鳍片中点温度比正常焊接时的温度高8.8%,更容易被破坏。     

火电机组水冷壁管横向裂纹失效机理分析与热应力数值模拟

通过宏观形貌特点、断裂面形态特征和微观金相组织检验特点等三个方面,对水冷壁管横向裂纹进行失效机理分析,推断出水冷壁管横向裂纹失效的共因是水冷壁管运行超温导致向火侧材料屈服强度降低这一共因,从而提出采用水冷壁管变系数热应力计算模型替代传统的常系数热应力计算模型的计算方法.结果表明,变系数热应力计算模型能较准确跟踪管壁温度的变化率.     

连铸连轧短流程低碳钢表面氧化铁皮缺陷控制研究

热轧工序中钢材氧化铁皮的形成受轧制工艺参数、钢种、设备等因素的影响,容易导致带钢表面质量不合格,并造成产线正常生产秩序被打乱。针对连铸连轧短流程产线低碳钢因氧化铁皮缺陷降级率高的问题,结合产线特点和轧制工艺,对氧化铁皮缺陷形成原因和控制措施进行了研究。结果表明：短流程工艺成品带钢氧化铁皮缺陷主要分为板道系﹑温度系﹑除鳞系3类。板道系氧化铁皮缺陷主要是产线辊道工况异常形成的柳叶状或纺锤状氧化铁皮压入,温度系氧化铁皮缺陷主要受轧制工艺制度的影响,除鳞系氧化铁皮缺陷主要由除鳞设备能力不足造成。通过对轧前工况设备的确认﹑使用合理的轧制温度和卷取温度,以及改造升级除鳞集管设备,将成品带钢氧化铁皮缺陷降级率由之前的10%以上降至0。     

火电厂锅炉水冷壁管的防腐防磨治理

火电厂锅炉水冷壁管高温腐蚀和磨损与炉膛火焰温度、燃煤的含硫量、烟气与灰粉颗粒的冲蚀密切相关。采用高速电弧喷涂技术，喷涂SCZ16合金，对燃煤含硫量高的锅炉水冷壁管进行表面处理获得了良好的效果，并在多个电厂中推广应用。     

20G钢锅炉水冷壁管爆管原因分析

借助光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析仪、直读光谱仪对某热电厂203钢锅炉水冷壁失效管进行宏观分析、材质复检、断口分析、硬度测试、常温及高温力学性能测试等,分析其爆管原因.结果 表明:该水冷壁管在服役过程中经历了短时超温,且最高温度达到854℃以上,最终导致爆管的发生.     

SPHC热轧带钢头部氧化铁皮缺陷形成原因分析及控制

用扫描电镜观察了SPHC热轧带钢头部氧化铁皮缺陷的微观形貌,对现场生产数据进行统计分析,分析了带钢头部氧化铁皮缺陷形成主要原因,并提出优化加热炉烧钢工艺、控制中间坯温度、优化除鳞工艺等控制措施。结果表明,头部氧化铁皮缺陷与轧制温度密切相关,中间坯头部温度过高是形成头部氧化铁皮缺陷的主要成因。     

550 MPa级中厚板矫直过程中表面凹坑缺陷的成因与对策

针对550 MPa级高强中厚板在矫直过程中极易出现氧化铁皮压入凹坑缺陷的问题，根据现场矫直工艺，研究了在不同温度下进行热变形时试样表面和横截面的形貌，钢基体与氧化铁皮界面处平直度的变化规律。结果表明，热变形温度为450 ℃时，表面氧化铁皮开始出现裂纹，且随着变形温度的降低，裂纹的数量逐渐增加；此外，氧化铁皮与钢基体之间的界面长度随变形温度的降低而呈直线增加，表明氧化铁皮与钢基体界面平直度随着热变形温度的降低越发粗糙、易脱落而形成凹坑缺陷。为此，应适当提高终轧温度以确保矫直时钢板表面温度大于450 ℃，同时提高钢板的运行速率，防止氧化铁皮在低温变形发生破碎和脱落的同时降低氧化铁皮厚度，从而减小因氧化铁皮脱落而造成凹坑缺陷的发生几率。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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