新型细晶Ni_3Al涂层的高温氧化行为

采用Ni和AI颗粒复合电沉积与后续真空退火的方法,分别于600℃和800℃退火温度下制备了两种新型细晶Ni_3Al涂层。与粗晶合金相比,经1000℃氧化20 h后,合金的氧化层发生大面积剥落,而两种涂层的氧化膜粘附性佳,其主要原因为细晶涂层内的大量晶界促进Al向氧化前沿的扩散,从而抑制了氧化膜/基体界面处Kirkendall孔洞的形成与长大。同时发现,800℃退火涂层氧化膜结构由外至内分别为NiO/NiAl_2O_4/Al_2O_3,而600℃退火涂层仅生成NiAl_2O_4与Al_2O_3,对该原因进行了探讨。     

Al2O3改性的渗铬涂层制备与氧化性能研究

采用在Ni基上复合电镀Ni-Al2O3纳米复合涂层后在1100 ℃扩散渗铬3 h的方法,制备Al2O3改性的渗铬涂层.作为对比,采用相同的工艺在单Ni镀层上直接渗铬,获得一种不含Al2O3纳米粒子的渗铬涂层.SEM/EDS和TEM结果表明:Al2O3纳米颗粒均匀分布在Ni纳米晶中, 纳米Al2O3颗粒的加入不仅细化基体Ni的晶粒尺寸,而且明显抑制在渗铬过程中涂层晶粒的长大.900 ℃, 120 h的氧化试验结果表明:与不含Al2O3纳米粒子的渗铬涂层相比,Al2O3改性的渗铬涂层所具有的细晶结构促进了保护性氧化物形成元素Cr沿晶界向氧化前沿的快速扩散,从而有利于保护性Cr2O3氧化膜的快速形成,同时改变氧化膜的形成过程,降低氧化速度,使得Al2O3改性的渗铬涂层表现出更优异的抗氧化性能.并对Al2O3渗铬涂层的组织及氧化机制进行了分析.     

Al_2O_3和Y_2O_3改性的渗铬涂层循环氧化性能

采用在Ni基上分别电镀Ni-Al2O3复合涂层,单Ni镀层和Ni-Y2O3复合涂层+1100℃扩散渗铬3 h的方法,制备了3种渗铬涂层,并对其进行循环氧化实验。SEM分析表明:与Y2O3微米粒子相比,Al2O3纳米颗粒更加均匀分布在Ni纳米晶中,而且抑制了渗铬过程中涂层晶粒的长大。氧化实验表明:与普通渗铬涂层相比,Al2O3改性的渗铬涂层所具有的细晶结构促进了氧化初期保护性Cr2O3氧化膜的快速形成,随后涂层晶界处Al2O3抑制了Cr的外扩散,降低了氧化速度并提高涂层的抗剥落性能;微米Y2O3粒子通过溶解和重新析出来抑制渗层晶粒长大,且具有稀土活性元素的效应,从而提高渗层的抗循环氧化性能。     

Fe20Cr4.5Al微晶和含Y2O3弥散氧化物微晶涂层的高温氧化性能

采用自行研制的高频电脉冲沉积(HFESD)设备在Fe20Cr4.5Al合金表面分别制备了Fe20Cr4.5Al微晶涂层与Fe20Cr4.5Al-Y2O3弥散氧化物微晶涂层.在1000℃和1100℃静态空气中,对合金基体和施加涂层试样进行了200 h的恒温氧化实验.结果表明在两种实验温度条件下,含有Y2O3弥散氧化物颗粒的微晶涂层,完全消除了Al2O3氧化膜中的凸脊,细化了氧化膜的晶粒,抑制了氧化膜的剥落,大大地提高了氧化膜的致密性和粘附性.单一的微晶涂层则部分抑制了凸脊状氧化膜的形成,氧化膜由脊状氧化物和细晶氧化物混杂组成.涂层对氧化增重的影响则与氧化温度-氧化膜的生长速率有关,在1000℃下,涂层试样的氧化增重均有所降低,其中弥散氧化物微晶涂层试样的氧化增重最低;在1100℃下,施加微晶涂层和弥散氧化物涂层对氧化增重影响很小.微晶和Y2O3弥散氧化物颗粒在提高Al2O3氧化膜保护性方面具有"协同效应".     

溅射Ni-Cr-Al-Ti涂层高温氧化过程中组织变化对生成TiO_2的影响

观察了溅射 Ni- 9.7Cr- 5 .5 Al- 7Ti(质量分数 )纳米晶涂层在高温氧化过程中的组织变化 ,探讨了溅射涂层表面氧化膜以及涂层预氧化 90 min后磨去生成的氧化膜再重新氧化生成氧化膜中 Ti O2 的生长 ,认为溅射涂层氧化过程中 Ni3(Al Ti)相的析出与 Ti O2 的生成长大有着密切关系 ,对两种不同情况下 Ni3(Al Ti)相对 Ti O2 生长的影响机制进行了分析。     

Fe20Cr4.5Al微晶和含Y2O3弥散氧化物涂晶涂层的高温氧化性能

采用自行研制的高频电脉冲沉积（HFESD）设备在Fe20Cr4.5Al合金表面分别制备了Fe20Cr4.5Al微晶涂层与Fe20Cr4.5Al-Y2O3弥散氧化物微晶涂层。在1000℃和1100℃静态空气中，对合金基体和施加涂层试样进行了200h的恒温氧化实验。结果表明：在两种实验温度条件下，含有Y2O3弥散氧化物颗粒的微晶涂层，完全消除了Al2O3氧化膜中的凸脊，细化了氧化膜的晶粒，抑制了氧化膜的剥落，大大地提高了氧化膜的致密性和粘附性。单一的微晶涂层则部分抑制了凸脊状氧化膜的形成，氧化膜由脊状氧化物和细晶氧化物混杂组成。涂层对氧化增重的影响则与氧化温度－氧化膜的生长速率有关，在1000℃下，涂层试样的氧化增重均有所降低，其中弥散氧化物微晶涂层试样的氧化增重最低；在1100℃下，施加微晶涂层和弥散氧化物涂层对氧化增重影响很小。微晶和Y2O3弥散氧化物颗粒在提高Al2O3氧化膜保护性方面具有“协同效应”。     

溅射纳米晶Ni20Cr涂层的高温氧化行为

利用溅射法在Ni20Cr合金表面制备相同成分的纳米晶涂层,研究了该合金与纳米晶涂层在空气中1000℃的恒温氧化和抗循环氧化行为.结果表明,纳米晶涂层恒温氧化时生成单层连续氧化膜,氧化产物以Cr2O3为主,有少量的NiCr2O4存在.经1000℃循环氧化,纳米晶涂层生成的氧化物致密且颗粒细小,氧化膜相对较完整.溅射纳米晶...     

PCrNi3MoVA钢表面溅射NiCrAlY涂层的高温氧化行为

用磁控溅射方法在PCrNi3 MoVA钢表面制备NiCrAlY涂层,涂层在空气中850 ℃恒温氧化100 h,借助XRD、SEM和EDAX对涂层表面氧化膜进行分析,检测其恒温抗氧化能力.结果表明,涂层大大提高了基体的抗氧化性,涂层表面主要生成了与基体粘附性好的Al2O3氧化膜,在柱状晶间隙较大处生成了NiCr2O4氧化膜与Fe2O3氧化膜;同时涂层的Ni元素与基体的Fe元素发生了明显的互扩散,而Cr元素在界面富集,Al元素主要集中在表面和界面,与氧发生反应生成Al2O3.     

溅射Ni16Co26Cr10Al纳米晶涂层的1000℃抗氧化性能

利用磁控溅射技术在铸造Ni16Co26Cr10Al合金上溅射了相同成分的纳米晶涂层.1000℃氧化试验结果表明由于溅射Ni16Co26Cr10Al纳米晶涂层晶粒尺寸细小,促进了保护性氧化物形成元素Al向氧化前沿的快速扩散和保护性Al2O3层的快速形成,使得溅射Ni16Co26Cr10Al纳米晶涂层表现出比M38合金更优异的抗氧化性能.     

CeO2颗粒对铌合金表面镀渗复合涂层抗氧化性能的影响

为了提高铌合金的高温抗氧化性,采用化学镀结合包埋渗技术在铌合金表面制备了含有CeO_2颗粒的复合涂层,研究了复合涂层的微观结构和高温抗氧化性能。结果表明,不含CeO_2的Al/Ni涂层以NiAl相为主,Al/Ni-CeO_2涂层则含NiAl、NiAl_3、Al3Nb和CeO_2等相。经1000℃氧化测试,Al/Ni复合涂层氧化50 h后增重为8.0 mg/cm~2,表面主要生成Al_2O_3、AlNbO_4相;Al/Ni-CeO_2复合涂层50 h后氧化增重为4.0 mg/cm~2,表面以Al_2O_3、CeO_2、NiAl、NiAl_3、Al3Nb、AlNbO_4相为主。高温氧化后,2种涂层样品表面均生成连续致密的Al_2O_3膜,涂层与基体结合良好;含CeO_2的涂层,其稀土氧化物主要在Ni膜拖拽力作用下富集于涂层互扩散区。稀土氧化物颗粒的添加细化涂层组织,降低涂层中Al元素的消耗,填补涂层中的孔洞,增强了氧化膜与涂层的粘附力,有效提高了涂层的抗氧化性。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.