CuCr触头材料的制备方法

CuCr触头材料的制备方法和工艺对其性能有重要影响.本文对CuCr触头材料的制备方法和工艺进行了综述,并详细分析了它们的优缺点.     

机械活化热压制备CuCr50触头材料的组织与性能

采用机械合金化（MA）活化CuCr50粉末，然后对MA粉进行真空热压制备出CuCr50触头材料。结果表明，CuCr50MA粉为亚稳态过饱和固溶体，这种过饱和固溶体在随后的热压过程中发生脱溶现象。随脱溶程度的不同，CuCr50块体材料的组织与性能也发生相应的变化。由于MA活化作用，使得CuCr50MA粉在较低的温度保压较短的时间内便获得了致密度高的块体材料，并且第二相cr分布均匀，尺寸细小，其综合性能优于其它工艺方法获得的CuCr50触头材料。     

不同Cr含量CuCr触头材料的组织与性能对比(英文)

为研究Cr含量对CuCr触头材料组织和性能的影响,采用真空熔铸法制备三种(CuCr25、CuCr30、CuCr40)不同Cr含量的触头材料,并对这3种材料的显微组织、物理性能及电流开断性能进行对比研究。结果表明:随着Cr含量的增加,CuCr材料微观组织的致密度提高,Cr颗粒得到细化,但是Cu基体中固溶的Cr含量增加;材料的电导率和密度均降低,硬度增加,抗拉强度呈线性增加;CuCr25和CuCr30的电流开断能力相当,CuCr40较低。     

HIP法制备CuCr触头的真空电击穿特性

采用热等静压(HIP)固相烧结法制备了近乎完全致密、低氧、氮含量的CuCr合金材料,研究了在不同烧结温度下制备CuCr合金的Cr相颗粒度、电击穿场强及击穿区域,给出了CuCr合金Cr相粒子半径与击穿场强的关系式。结果表明:随着HIP烧结温度的上升,CuCr触头材料的Cr相颗粒度也将逐渐增大,导致真空电击穿场强减小,与此同时真空电击穿烧蚀面积增大,烧蚀坑深度逐步加深。     

机械活化热压制备新型Cu/Cr2Nb触头材料的组织与性能

将Cu、Cr、Nb元素粉经25 h机械合金化活化处理后,在1000 ℃保温1 h的工艺下通过真空热压来制备新型Cu/Cr2Nb触头材料,研究了不同成分Cu/Cr2Nb触头材料的组织和性能.结果表明,在机械合金化过程中未能合成出Cr2Nb,但在热压过程中得到了充分合成和析出,所制备的Cu/Cr2Nb触头材料的组织均匀细小,Cr2Nb相尺寸在几个微米.当Cr2Nb含量(质量分数)为25%～35%时,Cu/Cr2Nb触头材料的致密度与熔渗法和热压法制备的常规CuCr50触头材料相当,但前者的硬度和电导率却明显高于后者.     

专利信息（Ⅰ）

一种铝基复合材料的制备方法;自蔓延熔铸-电渣重熔制备CuCr合金触头材料的方法.     

CuCr合金触头材料的研究现状

CuCr合金触头材料具有良好的力学和电学性能,广泛应用于真空开关。本文综述了不同Cr含量对CuCr触头材料开断能力、截流值、耐电压强度和抗熔焊性等性能的影响,并总结了添加其它新组分对其性能的作用。针对目前CuCr合金存在的问题,提出严格控制原材料成分及杂质含量、添加新组分,是目前改善或获得高性能CuCr触头材料的发展方向之一。     

喷射成形CuCr25合金触头材料的致密化与性能

研究了喷射成形CuCr25合金沉积坯件的致密化处理工艺及其在860～1 070℃保温1 h后的组织演变,确定了热变形加工温度,研究了热锻压和热等静压后材料的组织、致密化以及电导率、密度、硬度等触头材料常规性能.结果表明:在1070℃保温1 h,触头材料未发生熔化,组织略微长大,但在正常范围内,经热锻压和热等静压处理后可实现致密化.这种先进工艺制备的新型触头材料具有良好的性能.     

CuCr触头材料小电流下阴极斑点与截流值研究

研究了在峰值电流分别为10A和80A的小击穿电流下，CuCr25与CuCr50合金阴极斑点蚀坑形貌的差异。通过比较阴极斑点蚀坑的大小和分布，分析了CuCr触头材料显微组织中Cr相尺寸的大小对阴极斑点运动和蚀坑形貌的影响。采用示波器直接测量出截流值和电弧寿命，结合CuCr合金阴极斑点蚀坑形貌的分布，从现象和机理上解释了CuCr25合金截流值低于CuCr50合金的原因。这些结果对通过优化CuCr合金的显微组织以降低触头材料的截流值提供了有力的依据。     

石墨烯强化CuCr25合金的制备与性能

采用高压低温SPS烧结的新工艺制备了高硬度高电导率的CuCr25/石墨烯复合材料。X射线衍射(XRD)和拉曼分析(Raman)揭示石墨烯在新合金的制备过程中并未变性亦无新相产生,利用扫描电镜(SEM)以及能谱仪(EDS)进行形貌分析显示石墨烯在新合金中分散均匀。性能测试结果显示,在600℃,300 MPa条件下经SPS烧结后制得的CuCr25/石墨烯合金,与对比试验中采用相同工艺制得的未添加石墨烯的CuCr25合金相比,硬度提高了11.3%,电导率下降了4.2%;而与传统工艺制备的CuCr25合金相比,其电导率和硬度则分别提高了35%和48%,表明成分和工艺的改进对性能的提高均有贡献。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

Formulas of Tension of Continuous Rolling Process

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.