铸态S195柴油机球铁曲轴的生产和使用可靠性

获得珠光体球铁有效而简便的方法是添加稳定珠光体的合金元素。我们曾在实验室中研究了铜、锑和锰对铸态球铁机械性能和基体组织的影响。铜(0.3～0.4％)均匀地分布在基体组织中,能稳定珠光体又不促进碳化物的形成,既提高球铁的强度和硬度,又不致引起脆性,对石墨球化亦无影响     

汽车发动机曲轴用高性能球墨铸铁显微组织与力学性能研究

采用Cu、Mn、Sn复合强化工艺,生产了高强度珠光体球墨铸铁曲轴。控制Sn含量0.022%~0.028%,研究了Cu、Mn合金元素含量对球墨铸铁组织与力学性能影响。使用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)等显微分析手段观察了铸态曲轴材质的显微组织与断口形貌。研究结果表明:Mn加入量0.2%~0.45%,Cu添加量0.85%~1.15%范围内,球铁曲轴抗拉强度超过820 MPa,伸长率达4%~5.7%,达到了QT820-3的性能要求;加入0.3%Mn、1.15%Cu时,球墨铸铁达最高抗拉强度930 MPa,伸长率达4.6%。Cu、Mn、Sn富集在基体组织中,能促进珠光体形成并细化片层间距,有利于高性能珠光体球墨铸铁力学性能进一步提升。     

铸态铁素体基硅钼球墨铸铁的研制

针对铸态铁素体基硅钼球铁的特殊要求,通过设计适宜的化学成分,采用合理的球化孕育工艺及冷却速度等措施进行试验,稳定地获得了珠光体含量≤5%、碳化物≤1%及伸长率≥15%的硅钼球铁,并进行了生产性试验验证.     

锰铜和二次孕育对铸态高强度高韧性球墨铸铁的作用

通过锰、铜对铸态高强度高韧性球墨铸铁的机械性能、基体组织和石墨形态作用的一次线性回归分析以及二次孕育作用的研究,得出铸态高强度高韧性球墨铸铁的不同牌号的性能可以通过对球墨铸铁作用较强的合金元素如铜锰或二次孕育的调整来实现.本文回归出在一定的球化条件下,铸态球铁的机械性能和珠光体量的线性关系.结果表明:铜和锰都是球铁中最有利的提高强度的元素,二次孕育的作用在硅低时有利.     

SP1孕育剂及铸态珠光体球铁的实验研究

考察研究了铜、锰、锑、稀土、铝、钙、硅等元素在铸态珠光体球铁中的作用,经筛选后配制出一种强珠光体化复合孕育剂(SPI)。这种孕育剂兼有促进石墨球化、增加石墨球数等多种功能,在生产条件下,以液流孕育方式加入少量(0．08~0．12%)SPI,可使EQ140铸态球铁曲轴本体珠光体量大于75%,机械性能达QT70—2以上。     

铸态高强度高伸长率合成球铁的试验研究

采用中频感应电炉熔炼,以废钢、原料纯铁为主要炉料,通过Cu、Ni合金化,优质增碳剂增碳,利用钟罩法分别进行炉内预处理和球化处理,浇包冲入法孕育处理,树脂砂壳型,制备了铸态高强度高伸长率合成球铁Y块铸件。结果表明,石墨球化级别2级,石墨大小7级,基体组织细小,为珠光体-铁素体混合基体,其中珠光体的含量为65%,铸态合成球铁的抗拉强度和伸长率分别达到763.0 MPa和11.2%。     

铸态高强度高伸长率合成球铁的试验研究

采用中频感应电炉熔炼,以废钢、原料纯铁为主要炉料,通过Cu、Ni合金化,优质增碳剂增碳,利用钟罩法分别进行炉内预处理和球化处理,浇包冲入法孕育处理,树脂砂壳型,制备了铸态高强度高伸长率合成球铁Y块铸件。结果表明,石墨球化级别2级,石墨大小7级,基体组织细小,为珠光体-铁素体混合基体,其中珠光体的含量为65%,铸态合成球铁的抗拉强度和伸长率分别达到763.0 MPa和11.2%。     

蠕墨铸铁冲击韧性的研究

本文研究了硅、磷含量,基体组织及温度对蠕墨铸铁冲击韧性的影响。结果认为:1.随硅、磷含量的增加,蠕墨铸铁的冲击韧性下降,但磷的影响比硅强烈,低温时尤其明显;2.正火处理后,基体组织中珠光体含量增加,冲击韧性下降。珠光体基体的蠕铁,在-75°—400℃的范围内,表现为脆性断裂;3.蠕铁的韧性——脆性转变温度铸态和退火态均随磷含量的增加而升高。     

球墨铸铁低温冲击韧性的研究

研究了球墨铸铁基体组织中珠光体率和石墨数量对其硬度以及低温 (-20℃) 冲击韧性的影响.研究结果表明,随着珠光体率的增加,球墨铸铁硬度增加,但低温冲击韧性下降;对于铸态和正火态球铁,石墨数量对基体硬度和U形缺口低温 (-20℃) 冲击韧性几乎没有影响.对于退火态球铁,随着石墨数量的增加,-20℃冲击韧性值显著增加;当石墨数量达到400个/mm~2时,其U形缺口冲击韧性达29.0 J/cm~2,是铸态的3倍.     

铸态高镍奥氏体球墨铸铁稳定化生产

分析了一些主要元素对高镍奥氏体球铁组织和性能的影响,确定了合理的内控化学成分。球化处理采用冲入法,镍镁合金球化剂用量为铁液重量的0.7%~0.9%,球化后高镍奥氏体球铁Mg残留量为0.07%~0.09%。采用硅铁和硅钡孕育剂炉前孕育,孕育剂用量为铁液量的1.0%~1.5%。采用以上工艺方法生产的铸态高镍奥氏体球铁力学性能合格率明显提高。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.