改性SiC微粉复合粒子的制备与表征

针对SiC超细微粉在磨具制造过程中存在的易团聚、分散稳定性差、与结合剂相容性低等问题,本课题借助悬浮聚合工艺,采用聚丙烯酸对SiC微粉进行表面包覆改性,优化筛选出了羧甲基纤维素和CaCO3复合分散剂及其相关的较佳改性工艺条件。结果表明:反应温度65℃,反应时间30 min,搅拌速度500 r/min条件下,SiC弹性复合粒子的分散性和成球性最好;羧甲基纤维素浓度9%~11%、CaCO3用量0.5%~2%时,分散效果最好。制备出的有机物包覆的SiC微粉弹性复合粒子,显著改善了SiC超细微粉的分散流动性和其与有机结合剂的相容性。     

改性SiC陶瓷浆料分散流动性的研究

本项目采用疏水预处理和接枝聚合的方法对SiC微粉进行表面改性,通过研究SiC微粉颗粒表面的zeta电位,pH值对浆料的分散性和流动性的影响,制备出了固相体积分数为50%,黏度低于0.42mPa.s,在水基体系中分散流动性能较好的SiC悬浮浆料。测试结果表明:改性SiC微粉在酸性(pH=2～4)或碱性(pH=8～12)条件下,均可获得较大的zeta电位,其分散稳定性均得到了较大的改善,可以有效的改善水浇注陶瓷磨具的成型性能。     

分散调控手段对β—SiC微粉分散的影响

采用沉降法、粒度大小表征及显微镜观察作为分散评价手段,研究了分散介质水和乙醇,分散剂和超声波分散对β—SiC微粉分散的影响。结果表明：β—SiC微粉在不同介质中的分散行为有所差别,在乙醇与水的体积比例为1：1时,β—SiC微粉的分散效果较好。所选分散剂对β—SiC微粉有较好的分散效果,超声分散对稀悬浮液分散效率高。     

分散剂对改性SiC料浆流变性的影响

研究了分散剂对1种有机包覆改性SiC粉水基分散料浆的流变特性的影响.结果表明,分散剂的种类,用量对料浆的Zeta电位、粘度、触变性均有较大的影响.分散剂四甲基氢氧化铵比聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇、聚丙烯酸钠更为有效.当四甲基氢氧化铵的量为0.8%(质量分数)时,可使改性SiC微粉的Zeta电位绝对值提高30 mV,在剪切速率为80 r/min时,料浆粘度为166.5 mPa·s(55%,体积分数,下同),触变性降低.由此制得了固相含量为60%、低粘度的SiC陶瓷料浆.     

Al(OH)3改性纳米SiO2表面的研究

纳米SiO2是一种应用广泛、性能优异的无机材料.为了降低纳米二氧化硅的亲水性,提高亲油性,增强其与有机基体的相容性,从而充分发挥纳米SiO2的纳米效应,需要对纳米SiO2的表面进行改性.通过非均匀成核法,采用Al(OH)3对纳米SiO2表面包覆改性以改善纳米SiO2的表面结构和性能.使用IR、XPS、XRD和Malvern Zetasize 3000HSA自动电位粒度仪等表征手段,对表面包覆改性后纳米SiO2的结构及等电点等进行了测试和分析.结果分析表明:Al(OH)3 以无定形结构成功地包覆在纳米SiO2表面,包覆后的纳米SiO2仍为无定形结构,但其等电点(IPE)的pH值从2.3变为7.1.     

纳米SiC颗粒表面改性研究

根据置换反应的原理将Cu2+还原为Cu原子,在纳米SiC颗粒表面形核,实现了Cu包覆纳米SiC颗粒。SEM分析表明:复合粉体包覆完全,分散均匀,无明显团聚,大部分呈球形。EDS和XRD分析表明:复合粉体在空气中会部分氧化,生成一定量的Cu2O,应用时可根据需要进行适当处理。纳米SiC颗粒表面改性后,可以改善在Cu基合金中的分散性和相容性,满足了表面改性的要求。     

氧化锆粉末的表面改性研究

采用表面改性剂C对ZrO2粉末表面进行改性处理,制备出了有机/无机包覆的陶瓷粉末。研究了表面改性对粉末粒度和粒度分布的影响,利用SEM观察了表面改性前后粉末的团聚和微观形貌,测试了不同改性剂含量粉末的沉降时间和润湿接触角。研究结果表明:(1)超声波分散时间越长,粉末的中位径粒度越小;(2)改性粉末在二甲苯溶液中的粒度减小,团聚度降低;(3)粉末在二甲苯溶液中的沉降时间快慢为:to<>θ0.5%C>θ3%C≈θ5%C,改性粉末在非极性溶液中的分散性、稳定性和润湿性得到明显提高。     

负离子粉表面改性方法与聚合物包覆性能研究

目的 比较三种不同改性方法对负离子粉表面改性的效果.方法 以KH-570为改性剂,分别采用球磨法、溶剂回流法和干研磨法对超细负离子粉进行表面有机化改性.将改性后的负离子粉分散到丙烯酸酯单体中,通过悬浮聚合在负离子粉表面生成聚合物包覆层,并制备成包含负离子粉的聚合物微球体.通过7230G分光光度计对比粉体在甲基丙烯酸甲酯单体中的悬浮性能.采用扫描电镜观察粉体的形貌特征以及聚合物包覆后粉体表面与聚合物的结合状况.分离出未被聚合物包覆的负离子粉,计算负离子粉的有效包覆率.采用COM-3010PRO负离子测试仪测试聚合物包覆前后负离子的释放性能.通过综合对比和分析,判断改性方法的优劣.结果 三种改性方法都可以实现对负离子粉表面的有机化改性.负离子粉表面有机化改性后,平均粒径减小,在甲基丙烯酸甲酯中分散悬浮稳定性明显增加.通过悬浮聚合可以得到聚合物包覆的负离子粉体微球,负离子粉在聚合物中分布均匀、结合牢固,聚合物有效包覆率最高可达79.2％.从改性后负离子粉的悬浮稳定性、聚合物包覆率、在聚合物中的分布状态以及负离子释放性能等方面,均体现出球磨法最优,溶剂回流法次之,干研磨法最差的规律.结论 球磨法是最佳的处理方法,负离子粉在聚合物中分布均匀,聚合物有效包覆率高,负离子释放量大.     

Al( OH)3改性纳米Si02表面的研究

纳米Si02是一种应用广泛、性能优异的无机材料。为了降低纳米二氧化硅的亲水性,提高亲油性,增强其与有机基体的相容性,从而充分发挥纳米Si02的纳米效应,需要对纳米Si02的表面进行改性。通过非均匀成核法,采用Al( OH)3对纳米Si02表面包覆改性以改善纳米Si02的表面结构和性能。使用IR、XPS、XRD和Malvem Zetasize 3000HSA自动电位粒度仪等表征手段,对表面包覆改性后纳米Si02的结构及等电点等进行了测试和分析。结果分析表明：Al( OH)3以无定形结构成功地包覆在纳米Si02表面,包覆后的纳米Si02仍为无定形结构,但其等电点(IPE)的pH值从2.3变为7.1。     

SiC颗粒表面Mo涂层的制备与分析

采用磁控溅射法在碳化硅(SiC)颗粒表面成功制备了金属钼(Mo)涂层,分析了Mo涂层的成分和形貌;为改善初始涂层成分和形貌,对镀Mo改性SiC复合粉体进行了不同工艺的结晶化热处理,重点研究了热处理对SiC颗粒表面Mo涂层形貌和成分的影响。结果表明,磁控溅射法能够在SiC颗粒表面沉积Mo涂层,随磁控溅射时间的延长,SiC颗粒表面Mo涂层的粗糙度增大,但磁控溅射后SiC颗粒表面Mo涂层为非晶态。热处理能够有效改善SiC颗粒表面Mo涂层的成分、形貌及结晶状态,在600~1200℃之间结晶化热处理过程中,随热处理温度升高,SiC颗粒表面Mo涂层形貌主要经历了以下4个阶段变化:Mo涂层初步致密化—Mo的结晶致密化—Mo涂层的聚集长大—Mo与SiC之间化学反应;相应的Mo原子的存在状态也经历了如下变化:非晶态Mo原子—晶态Mo原子—Mo_2C和MoSi_2。其中800~900℃之间为最佳热处理温度,此时Mo涂层致密均匀包覆完整。SiC表面连续均匀致密的Mo涂层,有利于改善SiC颗粒增强金属基复合材料中基体与增强体之间的界面结合并控制不利界面反应,有利于复合材料综合性能的提高,必将扩大SiC颗粒作为增强体的应用范围。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.     

Structural Optimization of Electromagnetic Swirling Flow in Nozzle of Slab Continuous Casting

During the slab continuous casting process, the flow field of molten steel in the mold plays a decisive role in the quality of the slab. In this paper, electromagnetic swirling flow in nozzle technology is proposed to control the flow field in mold.This technology can drive molten steel to rotate inside the submerged entry nozzle by electromagnetic force, thereby controlling the flow field. This research shows that it can reduce the impact of molten steel on the bottom of nozzle and partly reduce the negative pressure at the upper part of nozzle outlet which is even eliminated by optimizing the structure and angle of nozzle. The area of heat flux of the mold wall becomes larger, and the crest value of heat flux gets lower than that without swirling in nozzle and any nozzle optimization. The meniscus fluctuates smoothly, and the flow velocity at the top surface is within a reasonable range. The temperature field distribution in the mold is uniform which was beneficial to the growth of equiaxed crystal and decreased element segregation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).