新SIMA制备坯料触变挤压AZ61镁合金零件的组织与性能(英文)

新应变诱导熔化激活法被用来制备高质量的AZ61镁合金半固态坯料。利用光学显微镜和拉伸实验,研究触变挤压成形零件的微观组织与力学性能。结果表明:当施加的压力为784MPa,保压时间为90s,模具温度为450℃时,半固态坯料能够完全充填模具型腔。与半固态等温处理方法相比,新SIMA法制备的半固态坯料触变挤压成形零件的抗拉强度和伸长率分别为300.5MPa和22%;并且成形零件的微观组织晶粒细小、组织均匀。随着等温处理温度的升高和保温时间的延长,成形零件的抗拉强度和伸长率先增加后降低。当挤压道次从1增加至4时,成形零件的抗拉强度和伸长率明显增加。     

半固态挤压铸造铝ZL104合金连杆的显微组织及力学性能（英文）

分别采用液态挤压铸造和半固态挤压铸造工艺成形ZL104铝合金连杆,研究不同工艺参数对连杆的显微组织及力学性能的影响规律。结果表明:与传统液态挤压铸造相比,半固态挤压铸造连杆的抗拉强度和伸长率分别提高了22%和17%。半固态挤压铸造过程中,随着重熔温度的增加,平均晶粒尺寸和形状因子都增大;随着模具预热温度的升高,平均晶粒尺寸增大,形状因子先增加后减小;这两种情况下连杆的抗拉强度和伸长率都先增加后减小。但随着挤压压力的提高,平均晶粒尺寸减小,且形状因子增大,连杆的力学性能明显提高。此外,成形半固态挤压铸造连杆的最佳重熔温度、挤压压力及模具预热温度分别为848 K、100 MPa及523 K。     

触变模锻成形工艺对镁合金成形件力学性能的影响

采用半固态等温热处理法、近液相线模锻法和等通道角挤压法制备AZ91D—Y镁合金半固态坯料。分别将3种状态的坯料加热到半固态温度区间进行二次重熔后,进行了触变模锻成形。结果表明,在半固态温度为560℃,模锻压力为200MPa的条件下,半固态等温热处理法、近液相线模锻法和等通道角挤压法制备坯料分别保温30,20,15min后触变模锻获得最佳力学性能;随着坯料加热温度的升高,触变模锻成形件力学性能呈现先上升后下降的趋势;增加成形压力有利于触变模锻成形件力学性能的提高;在相同成形条件下,等通道角挤压法制备坯料触变模锻后的力学性能最好,近液相线模锻法次之,半固态等温热处理法较差。     

等径道角挤压预变形AZ61镁合金在半固态等温处理中的微观组织演变(英文)

利用金相显微镜和图像分析设备对等径道角挤压预变形AZ61镁合金在半固态等温处理中的微观组织演变进行研究。先利用等径道角挤压对AZ61镁合金铸坯在310℃进行应变诱导,然后将其在半固态进行不同时间的等温处理。研究结果表明:挤压道次、等温处理温度和变形路径影响预变形AZ61镁合金在半固态等温处理中的微观组织演变过程。在将等温处理温度从530℃升高至560℃的过程中,合金的平均晶粒尺寸从22μm增大到35μm。当等温处理温度为575℃时,平均晶粒尺寸减小。当等径道角挤压的变形路径为BC时,预变形AZ61镁合金在半固态等温处理中获得的微观组织晶粒尺寸最小。     

预退火温度对半固态铜合金坯料组织演变和力学性能的影响

将铸态CuSn10P1铜合金先预退火处理,随后采用冷轧等温处理应变诱导熔化激活法(CRITSIMA)制备成半固态坯料。采用金相显微镜、配置能谱仪的扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、电子探针和布氏硬度计,研究预退火温度对半固态铜合金坯料的组织演变及力学性能的影响。结果表明：随着预退火温度升高,半固态铜合金坯料的平均晶粒尺寸增加,晶粒形状因子和液相率均降低;随着预退火温度升高,α-Cu相中固溶更多的Sn元素,减弱了Sn元素偏析,晶间脆硬相δ相含量减少,布氏硬度逐渐减小。在半固态铜合金坯料中检测到新相Cu_13.7Sn的存在,这与晶间Sn元素的高度偏析有关。600 ℃预退火2 h制备的半固态铜合金坯料显微组织晶粒均匀细小,力学性能较好,其平均晶粒尺寸为68.34μm、晶粒形状因子为0.78、α-Cu基体中Sn元素固溶度为4.21wt%,布氏硬度为128 HBW。     

半固态触变模锻7A04合金的力学性能

采用2000 kN压力机,对半固态7A04合金进行了触变模锻实验.结果表明:半固态触变模锻成形可以获得组织致密、轮廓清晰、充型完整的成形件;半固态触变模锻件的微观组织和力学性能与坯料的制备方法有关,采用SIMA法所获得的成形件的微观组织为晶粒细小、均匀的再结晶组织,因此其组织致密,在拉伸过程中部分晶粒发生塑性变形,断口中多处出现撕裂棱,其力学性能明显好于挤压态坯料;在加热温度为600℃、保温时间为10 min时SIMA坯料模锻件的伸长率和抗拉强度最高,接近于热挤压态棒料的力学性能,优于同等条件下挤压态合金的半固态模锻成形件,其抗拉强度和伸长率分别提高11.8％和78.5％.     

新型铝合金机械零件的锻造工艺优化

以不同的等温锻造温度和变形量成形了6082-0.5Ti新型铝合金件,并进行了力学性能和显微组织的测试与分析。结果表明,与420℃等温锻造相比,采用480℃等温锻造的试样抗拉强度和屈服强度分别增大29 MPa和26 MPa,断后伸长率减小1.6%,平均晶粒尺寸减小5.7μm;与变形量40%相比,采用60%变形量锻造的试样抗拉强度和屈服强度分别增大25 MPa和19 MPa,断后伸长率减小1.8%,平均晶粒尺寸减小6.1μm。6082-0.5Ti铝合金的等温锻造温度和变形量分别优选为480℃和60%。     

ZL104铝合金连杆半固态挤压铸造工艺实验研究

研究了传统液态挤压铸造与半固态挤压铸造成形ZL104铝合金连杆的充填状态、微观组织及力学性能。结果表明:传统液态挤压铸造成形连杆充填饱满,但其抗拉强度及伸长率低于半固态挤压铸造成形连杆。对于半固态挤压铸造成形,浇注温度高于565℃时,铸件充填性能良好;平均晶粒尺寸及形状因子随浇注温度的升高而逐渐增大;连杆抗拉强度及伸长率先增加后减小。挤压压力高于25MPa时,铸件均充填饱满;挤压压力升高,平均晶粒尺寸不断减小且形状因子不断增大,连杆机械性能不断提高。模具预热温度升高,平均晶粒尺寸和形状因子不断增大,连杆机械性能逐渐提高。但当模具预热温度超过300℃时,平均晶粒尺寸进一步增大而其形状因子减小,导致连杆的机械性能下降。     

预退火时间对半固态挤压铜合金组织及性能的影响

用预退火-轧制-重熔应变诱导熔化激活法制备半固态浆料并进行反挤压成形制备铜合金轴套零件,研究预退火时间对铜合金轴套显微组织、硬度、力学性能的影响规律。结果表明：预退火时间对半固态铜合金轴套组织、力学性能、硬度的影响较大。预退火处理后ZCuSn10P1铜合金固相晶粒中Sn含量趋于均匀,700 ℃退火处理改善了ZCuSn10P1铜合金的元素偏析倾向。随着预退火时间增加,半固态铜合金轴套组织的平均晶粒尺寸逐渐增加,形状因子和液相率逐渐减小;轴套布氏硬度降低,抗拉强度和延伸率先增加后降低。综合性能较佳的预退火工艺为700 ℃退火2 h,此时ZCuSn10P1铜合金轴套组织均匀性好、元素分布更均匀,轴套平均晶粒尺寸为：73.06 μm,平均形状因子为0.72,抗拉强度为382 MPa,延伸率为5.5%,平均布氏硬度为127 HBW。     

2024铝合金半固态组织演变及触变成形

采用再结晶与重熔法制备了2024铝合金半固态坯料,研究了不同重熔温度和保温时间下坯料的微观组织演变,以及工艺参数对晶粒尺寸和球化程度的影响。通过触变挤压铸造成形试验,分析了不同坯料高度下制件不同位置的力学性能差异。结果表明,坯料的微观组织随着保温时间的延长逐渐演变为挤压态纤维组织的消失、α-Al再结晶晶粒的初生和其球化与长大,且该过程随重熔温度的升高而加快;半固态球状晶粒的尺寸和球化程度均随重熔温度和保温时间的增加而变大;最佳工艺参数为613~621℃时保温20~30min,此时晶粒平均直径约为75μm,圆整度约为0.74。在此工艺参数下,触变成形制件的抗拉强度可达383MPa。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

Secondary Recrystallization Behaviors of Grain-Oriented 6.5 wt% Silicon Steel Sheets Produced by Rolling and Nitriding Processes

By rolling and nitriding processes, 0.23- to 0.3-mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheets were produced. The core losses of grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 20 k Hz were lower than that of the grain-oriented 3 wt% silicon steel with the same thickness by 16.6–35.8%. The secondary recrystallization behavior was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction. The results show that the secondary recrystallization in high-silicon steel sheets develops more completely as the nitrogen content increases after nitriding, secondary recrystallized grain sizes become larger, and the sharpness of Goss texture increases. Because more {110}116 grains in the subsurface and the central layer of the sheets have a lot of 20°–45° high-energy boundaries in addition to Goss grains, {110}116 can be the main component through selective growth during secondary recrystallization when the inhibitor quantity is not enough and inhibitor intensity is weaker. The increases in nitrogen content can increase the inhibitor intensity and hinder abnormal growth of a mount of {110}116 grains and therefore enhance the sharpness of Goss texture.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

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正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis