金属半固态加工技术

半固态加工技术是一种新的材料成形技术。本文综述了半固态金属成形的成形工艺、坯料制备工艺、微观组织、国内外研究应用情况 ,展望了半固态加工技术的前景 ,并提出了应对措施     

高熔点合金半固态加工技术研究进展

半固态加工是一种综合传统铸造工艺和锻压工艺优点的近净成形技术,能有效地实现成形件控形与控性的统一。并且这种加工工艺能够实现短流程、低能耗和环保的要求,因此半固态加工工艺得到了迅速发展,在工业生产中实现了广泛的应用。近些年来,半固态加工技术在轻合金领域展开了大量的研究且成功应用于生产领域。高熔点合金由于其固液相温度较高,在进行半固态加工时仍然存在一些技术难点,因此高熔点合金的半固态加工研究相对较少。文章从高熔点合金半固态坯料(浆料)的制备,半固态成形工艺的研究和半固态成形模具的研究3个方面介绍了国内外高熔点合金半固态加工技术的研究进展。     

镁合金半固态铸造工艺及其数值模拟研究进展

综述了镁合金半固态铸造成形工艺的发展 ,展望了该种成形工艺在我国的应用前景及意义。同时 ,简单介绍了数值模拟技术在镁合金半固态加工方面研究的进展 ,最后提出了我国镁合金半固态成形技术上亟待解决的几个问题     

半固态金属浆料制备新技术

半固态加工技术具有许多优良的特点，近年来得到迅速发展。广泛用于生产半固态金属的方法为触变成形，而流变成形与触变成形相比，前者更节约能源、流程更短、设备更简单，因此流变成形技术将是金属半固态加工技术的发展方向。半固态加工技术的发展趋势是，进一步简化加工工艺流程，进一步降低加工成本，扩宽半固态加工技术的应用范围。本文主要介绍最近几年在半固态浆料制备和加工中的几种新工艺和新技术的原理、特点及其应用，其中有新MIT工艺、冷却斜槽法、双螺旋流变注射成形法、剪切一冷却一轧制法、NRC工艺、不同液体混合法、近液相线铸造法等方法。     

铝合金的半固态成形

半固态加工是金属材料成形领域中的一种新工艺。分析了铝合金半固态成形技术的现状及发展趋向。     

半固态流变成形的技术关键与新进展

早期的半固态加工技术以触变成形为主,但流变成形越来越受到企业界的欢迎,正在成为半固态加工技术领域的新亮点.目前已经利用半固态流变成形生产了包括黑色金属在内的多种零件,显示了光明的应用前景.但是,半固态流变成形要达到规模应用,必须解决模具材料、半固态浆料的定量浇注及工艺过程的自动控制3大问题.     

镁合金半固态铸造工艺及其数值模拟研究进展

综述了镁合金半固态铸造成形工艺的发展,展望了该种成形工艺在我国的应用前景及意义。同时,简单介绍了数值模拟技术在镁合金固态加工方面研究的进展,最后提出了我国镁合金半固态成形技术上亟待解决的几个问题。     

半固态加工制浆技术的研究进展

概述了半固态金属加工制浆工艺的发展以及研究现状,介绍了具有代表性的几种半固态加工技术及其相应的制浆技术,总结了强制对流条件下非枝晶组织的形成机制.流程简洁、成本低廉的流变成形工艺路线成为当前的发展方向,形成具有高密度晶核的半固态浆料是获取高质量半固态加工部件的必要条件.     

半固态加工制浆技术的研究进展

概述了半固态金属加工制浆工艺的发展以及研究现状,介绍了具有代表性的几种半固态加工技术及其相应的制浆技术,总结了强制对流条件下非枝晶组织的形成机制。流程简洁、成本低廉的流变成形工艺路线成为当前的发展方向,形成具有高密度晶核的半固态浆料是获取高质量半固态加工部件的必要条件。     

轻合金的半固态加工技术

轻合金的半固态加工指对具有球状晶的半固态合金进行成形，是一种新的加工技术。获得球状非枝晶的方法有机械搅拌、机械剪切、电磁搅拌、应变诱导熔化活化（ＳＩＭＡ）等方法。半固态加工工艺有半固态挤压、半固态轧制、半固态压铸、半固态锻造等。铝镁合金的半固态加工研究和应用进行得较多     

管状喷射沉积坯成形过程数值模拟

喷射成形是一种近终形材料加工技术,针对管状沉积坯的成形过程进行了模拟。首先建立了管状沉积坯成形过程的数学模型,然后模拟了沉积坯厚度变化过程。结果表明：沉积器平移速度、沉积器半径、喷射距离对沉积层厚度均产生影响;而沉积器旋转速度超过30r/min时,该参数对沉积层厚度影响可以忽略。     

Method for near-net forming of a sand mold with digital flexible extrusion technology

In order to further improve the precision forming efficiency of a sand mold digital patternless casting and reduce the amount of sand mold cutting, a method for near-net forming of the sand mold with digital flexible extrusion technology was put forward. The theory, optimization algorithm and technology for sand mold nearnet forming were studied. Experimental results show that the sand mold forming efficiency can be increased by 34%, and the molding sand can be reduced by 44%. The method for near-net forming of a sand mold with digital flexible extrusion technology can effectively promote the application of digital patternless casting technology in the mass production of castings and thus greatly improves the efficiency and automation of sand mold manufacturing.     

增材制造W-Ni-Fe系高比重合金的研究进展

金属增材制造技术是从20世纪90年代初期发展起来的一项先进制造技术,能够实现高性能复杂结构金属零件的无模具、快速、全致密近净成形。高比重W-Ni-Fe合金由于具有高密度、高强度和高塑性等特性,广泛应用于国防工业和国民经济领域。近年来,W-Ni-Fe高比重钨合金的增材制造受到了广泛关注。本文综述了国内外研究机构采用选区激光熔化(SLM)技术、激光熔化沉积(LMD)技术、选区电子束熔化(EBSM)技术和粘接剂喷射打印(BJP)技术4种增材制造技术制备W-Ni-Fe合金的研究进展,从成形工艺、成形件微观组织和力学性能等方面进行了分析,并对未来研究趋势做了预测。     

The Spray Forming of Superalloys

Spray forming involves the gas atomization of a stream of molten metal to form droplets, and depositing the droplets on a collector before they have solidified. By manipulating the stream and/or the collector, a variety of useful shapes such as disks, bars, sheet, and plate can be made. As a consequence of rapid solidification, the product is homogeneous and is comprised of small, equiaxed grains, making it well suited to further processing. Discussed are the spray forming of 718 and Rene 95, and the properties after heat treatment, both as-deposited and after forging. Also reviewed are recent developments with respect to the processing of a range of near-net shape products.     

Plasma spray forming metals,intermetallics, and composites

Plasma spray processing is a droplet deposition method that combines the steps of melting, rapid solidification, and consolidation into a single step. The versatility of the technology enables the processing of free-standing bulk, near-net shapes of a wide range of alloys, intermetallics, ceramics, and composites, while still retaining the benefits of rapid solidification processing. In particular, it is possible to produce dense forms through vacuum plasma spraying.     

5A06铝合金鞍型横梁等温挤压近净成形工艺

针对某5A06铝合金鞍型横梁,设计了等温挤压近净成形试验。通过Deform有限元分析研究了鞍型横梁等温挤压过程中金属流动规律和缺陷产生原因,并进行了毛坯尺寸和热挤压件图的优化。设计了鞍型横梁等温挤压近净成形模具,可实现在普通压力机上加热管加热方式升温、成形后多顶杆同步脱模功能。通过等温挤压近净成形方法制备了长为580 mm、最薄壁厚为4 mm、筋高为8 mm、筋宽为6 mm的薄壁复杂多筋鞍型横梁,该构件90%以上部位尺寸精度可达到±0. 3 mm,其余部位尺寸精度可达±0. 5 mm,抗拉强度达340 MPa,伸长率约为25%。对等温挤压件装配部位进行少量机加,可获得3种不同尺寸的鞍型横梁。     

Metal injection molding of titanium for medical and aerospace applications

Mixing of titanium powder and thermoplastic binders creates a feedstock that is injection molded similar to plastic, has a chemical and thermal debinding process, and then is sintered to form a net-shape or near-net shape part. TiJet Medizintechnik GmbH (TiJet) developed and uses its own feedstock and powder processing technology to achieve desired mechanical properties. This paper explains the theory of the process and the possibilities that result from the development of this new powder processing technology, such as new alloys, design possibilities, etc. Discussed will be the microstructure, chemical composition, and mechanical properties of the manufactured parts.     

Future trends in metal forming—equipment,materials and processes in automotive applications

Global competition in the automotive market has made a significant impact in the materials, processes, tools, and equipment used to make components. Steels are being replaced by other materials, such as aluminum, composites, and plastics, that meet the demand for a higher performance per weight ratio. From a processing viewpoint, the customers demand production of parts to near-net shape with little or no machining. Competition in business depends on understanding the needs of the customer in the coming years in the area of metal forming. A workshop was conducted using a novel approach to address the above issue. This presentation describes the approach and the results of the study.     

高速冷滚打过程变形力解析方法及其修正

高速冷滚打成形是采用断续往复高速击打的方法实现动态冲击局部加载的一种近净塑性成形新工艺,其成形过程是高速、瞬态、高冲击、大变形的复杂过程。针对该成形过程中的变形力问题,首先采用主应力法进行变形力的解析求解;考虑主应力法在解析过程中难以反映滚打轮的高速往复击打等因素,应用ABAQUS/Expict进行高速冷滚打仿真实验,并根据仿真计算结果,运用回归分析的方法对解析方程进行修正,使解析方程能够更加准确地反映出不同工艺状态下的高速冷滚打变形力。在自行研制的高速冷滚打实验设备上进行冷滚打成形实验,完成变形力的测量,并验证了修正后的解析方程的正确性。     

Characteristics of forming presses and recent developments for precision and net shape forming

The trend in metal forming is to produce parts with increased precision and geometric complexity. Thus, research and development is being conducted worldwide to develop presses and tooling for near-net and net shape forming of difficult-to-form components. As a result, presses with increased precision and multi-action tooling are being used routinely by advanced companies around the world. This paper will discuss the interactions between press characteristics and part production in precision forming and review some of the new press and tooling designs recently developed by various domestic and foreign manufacturers.