激光拼焊板方盒件及其板料优化设计分析

成形性能的提高对拼焊板车身覆盖件以及结构件冲压成形有重要意义。通过对激光拼焊板方盒件及其板料对成形过程的影响研究,并采用基于板料厚度比、坯料形状和尺寸等板料参数正交设计的成形优化方法,提高激光拼焊板方盒件冲压成形性能。研究和冲压试验表明：当厚度比较小时,破裂出现在薄侧圆角处,而厚度比较大时,破裂出现在薄侧焊缝处;方形坯料拼焊板的成形性能明显低于圆形坯料形状的拼焊板;板料正交设计方法对拼焊板方盒件冲压成形优化是有效可行的。     

拼焊板方盒件拉深成形中焊缝移动规律的研究

拼焊板越来越多地应用在汽车制造业及其它工业中。方盒件是板材成形中的一种典型件，因此对拼焊板方盒件拉深过程中的焊缝移动规律的研究是非常重要的。本文研究由不同材料和不同厚度板材组合的拼焊板方盒件在拉深成形中焊缝的移动。同时，用显式有限元软件DY—NAFORM进行了模拟。为了验证模拟结果，做了相应实验，实验结果与模拟结果吻合较好。     

拼焊板方盒件冲压成形压边力数值模拟分析

用有限元分析软件Dynaform对拼焊板方盒件成形进行数值模拟,研究不同压边力对拉深过程中破裂危险点应变路径和焊缝移动的影响规律。通过调整压边力的大小和变化方式,可以实现对拼焊板方盒件薄板破裂危险点处应变路径的控制以及减小焊缝移动,从而提高拼焊板方盒件冲压成形性能。     

拼焊板盒形件冲压成形失效及应变路径分析

采用自制液压机和分瓣压边圈模具,通过模拟仿真和实冲试验,变化各工艺参数,研究分析拼焊板方盒件冲压成形的应变路径、焊缝移动和成形极限,以提高其成形性能。研究表明,厚/薄侧压边力的大小和分布对破裂危险点的应变路径和成形裕度有很大的影响,合理的压边力分布可调节失效破裂的位置,减少焊缝移动和提高成形极限深度;凹模圆角半径的增大,对薄侧侧壁圆角处破裂危险点应变路径影响较大,拼焊板盒形件成形极限深度逐渐增大;厚度比较小时,破裂出现在薄侧圆角处,而厚度比较大时,焊缝移动量大,破裂易出现在薄侧焊缝处;板料毛坯形状和尺寸对失效破裂的位置和成形性能影响显著。因此,以薄侧侧壁圆角处和薄侧焊缝位置附近为破裂危险点,通过优化压边力、凹模圆角半径、板料厚度比、板料毛坯形状和尺寸等工艺参数,改变危险点的应变路径,调节失效破裂的位置,减小其焊缝移动量,可有效地提高拼焊板方盒件的冲压成形性能。     

拼焊板方盒件拉深成形过程变压边力曲线预测

基于有限元数值模拟软件LS-DYNAFORM,对拼焊板方盒形件拉深成形进行模拟研究。通过改变拉深成形过程中压边力这一最重要且易于控制的工艺参数,寻求拼焊板方盒形件拉深成形时较优的变压边力曲线加载形式。为预测不同工艺参数下拼焊板方盒形件拉深成形时的较优压边力加载曲线,建立了变压边力的BP神经网络预测模型,并将该模型预测的结果与数值模拟得到的结果进行对比分析。研究结果表明,拼焊板薄板采用变压边力、厚板采用恒定压边力、且薄板压边力不小于厚板压边力的加载形式,拼焊板成形件整体质量较好,焊缝移动量较小;神经网络预测模型能较好的预测拼焊板方盒形件拉深成形时的变压边力,与数值模拟结果的最大相对误差在12.3%以内。     

拼焊板方盒件拉深非均匀变形的计算机模拟研究

拼焊板越来越多地应用在汽车制造业及其他工业中。方盒件是工业应用中的一种典型件。因此对拼焊板方盒件拉深过程中非均匀变形的研究是非常重要的 ,比如法兰区起皱和焊缝的移动等。本文对拼焊板方盒件拉深过程的非均匀变形进行了计算机模拟和实验研究。用显式有限元软件DYNAFORM进行了模拟分析 ,考虑了各向异性和加工硬化。为了适应板厚的不同 ,在凹模上设置了台阶 ,并且在台阶处为焊缝移动做出了补偿 ,分析了焊缝移动和法兰区的起皱。为了验证模拟结果 ,做了相应实验 ,实验结果与模拟结果吻合较好     

拼焊板深拉延成形模具结构及实验研究

设计了拼焊板拉延成形模具结构，并对相同材料不同厚度的拼焊板方盒形件拉延工艺进行了实验研究，分析了拼焊板方盒形件拉延后焊缝移动规律及壁厚变化规律。实验结果表明，盒形件底部焊缝向厚板侧移动、侧壁处焊缝向薄板侧移动的焊缝移动规律。     

不等厚拼焊板材的成形性实验研究

不等厚拼焊板由于焊缝的存在及其方位影响，又由于坯料强弱不均，可以引起坯料的冲压变形性能发生显著变化。本文通过焊接工艺对比，比较了激光焊、滚压电阻焊和氩弧焊工艺对拼焊板塑性变形性能的影响；对拼焊板试析进行拉伸实验，确定了焊缝方位和薄厚板比例对试件塑性变形的影响；进行了不等厚拼焊板件的半球拉深实验和方盒件拉深实验，总结了拼焊板材的冲压成形性能和不均匀变形规律。     

拼焊门内板冲压成形工艺参数优化研究

焊缝移动是拼焊板冲压成形过程中的主要缺陷.为了解决这个问题,基于响应面法和试验数据提出了一种优化拉延筋阻力和压边力的新方法.为了在起皱和开裂约束条件下使焊缝移动最小,采用了遗传算法.把新方法应用于激光拼焊门内板冲压成形工艺中.结果表明,焊缝移动量大大减小,冲压成形性能也得到提高.     

基于Dynaform的拼焊板冲压成形压边方法研究

拼焊板技术是板料成形的先进制造技术,具有减少生产成本、降低车重、降低油耗、提高整体性能等优势,已经广泛应用于汽车行业中,但拼焊板成形时存在的破裂、起皱及焊缝移动等问题也相当严重,合理施加压边力可以改善和解决拼焊板成形中的这些问题.本文基于Dynaform平台采用有限元模拟的方法研究拼焊板冲压成形压边方法及其对模具受力、焊缝移动及工件成形质量的影响;基于不破裂前提,从合理压边间隙控制中获得常压边力控制所需的恒定压边力.模拟结果表明:固定压边间隙方式较恒定压边力作用方式有利于板料的冲压成形、减小焊缝的移动和改善模具的受力情况,同时有助于获得拼焊板恒定压边力控制值,提高效率,固定压边间隙法是拼焊板冲压成形中一种有效的压边方法.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

Secondary Recrystallization Behaviors of Grain-Oriented 6.5 wt% Silicon Steel Sheets Produced by Rolling and Nitriding Processes

By rolling and nitriding processes, 0.23- to 0.3-mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheets were produced. The core losses of grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 20 k Hz were lower than that of the grain-oriented 3 wt% silicon steel with the same thickness by 16.6–35.8%. The secondary recrystallization behavior was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction. The results show that the secondary recrystallization in high-silicon steel sheets develops more completely as the nitrogen content increases after nitriding, secondary recrystallized grain sizes become larger, and the sharpness of Goss texture increases. Because more {110}116 grains in the subsurface and the central layer of the sheets have a lot of 20°–45° high-energy boundaries in addition to Goss grains, {110}116 can be the main component through selective growth during secondary recrystallization when the inhibitor quantity is not enough and inhibitor intensity is weaker. The increases in nitrogen content can increase the inhibitor intensity and hinder abnormal growth of a mount of {110}116 grains and therefore enhance the sharpness of Goss texture.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

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正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis