铀铌合金铸造晶粒度的计算机模拟与实验研究

利用ProCast和CalcoSoft-3D软件中的CA-FE模块,采用元胞自动机-有限元方法(Cellular automatonfinite element),对U-Nb合金以50℃/min的铸造冷却速度铸造的d107mm/d77mm×80mm管形铸件作为算例,对该铸件的微观组织和晶粒度进行模拟计算.结果表明:U-Nb合金的凝固微观组织的晶粒度变化规律为,在铸件的同一高度上,内层晶粒半径＜外层晶粒半径＜中间层晶粒半径;按从上到下的顺序晶粒半径逐渐减小.用金相方法实测了U-Nb合金铸件在各个高度位置之中间层的凝固微观组织晶粒半径,实测值小于模拟计算值近1倍,但是二者晶粒度的变化趋势是一致的,模拟结果达到了定性或半定量的水平.     

BaZrO3复合型壳定向凝固Ti-46Al-8Nb合金的微观组织研究

采用BaZrO_3复合型壳定向凝固Ti-46Al-8Nb合金。通过扫描显微镜、金相显微镜和XRD等手段分析了BaZrO_3耐火材料与金属熔体之间的界面情况、熔体通过螺旋选晶器后的晶粒数目和片层变化、晶臂与枝晶干的夹角以及凝固后Ti-46Al-8Nb合金的组织形貌。结果表明,BaZrO_3复合型壳与Ti-46Al-8Nb合金之间存在约为10μm的扩散层;在抽拉速度7.7 mm/min、温度1 550℃条件下,Ti-46Al-8Nb合金的初生相为α相以及β相,经过定向凝固后的微观组织为γ＋α_2片层、γ相以及B2相;在定向凝固过程中,螺旋选晶可以明显使晶粒数目减少,但是对片层间距的大小无影响。     

DD6单晶TLP焊用中间层合金研究

DD6单晶是制造航天发动机涡轮叶片用新一代高温合金,TLP焊是实现DD6单晶焊接的有效方法。在合理地设计中间层合金化学成分的基础上,采用单辊急冷法制备出厚度40⁶0μm,宽约4mm的中间层合金箔,用以进行DD6单晶TLP焊,分析了接头微观组织特征及合金元素的扩散行为。结果表明,快速凝固中间层合金箔成分均匀,组织细小,熔化温度在1 07060μm,宽约4mm的中间层合金箔,用以进行DD6单晶TLP焊,分析了接头微观组织特征及合金元素的扩散行为。结果表明,快速凝固中间层合金箔成分均匀,组织细小,熔化温度在1 070¹ 074℃范围。在焊接温度T=1 200℃,保温时间t=8 h,焊接压力P=0.3 MPa条件下,获得了与单晶母材结合良好、组织致密的扩散连接接头。接头由焊缝中心区、等温凝固区及扩散区3部分组成。随着中间层中合金元素含量的减小,硼元素扩散能力增强,扩散区硼化物残留量趋于减少。     

定向凝固过共晶Nb-Si基合金的组织优化

采用液态金属冷却定向凝固炉制备Nb-16Si-24Ti-10Cr-2A1．2Hf合金,凝固速率分别为1．2、6、18、36、50mm／min,随后对定向凝固速率为50mm／min的合金进行（1400℃,10h）,（1450℃,10h）和（1500℃,10h）的热处理。研究了定向凝固速率和热处理温度对合金微观组织的影响。结果表明：合金的定向凝固组织主要由沿着试棒轴向生长的初生Nb5Si3相和耦合生长的Nbss／Nb5Si3共晶胞组成,在共晶胞边缘,有少量的Cr2Nb存在。横截面上共晶胞边界明显,随着凝固速率的增加,定向凝固组织明显细化,Nbss／Nb;Si,共晶胞形貌也发生变化。合金经过热处理,Nbss连成基体,部分CrENb相熔解,微观成分偏析减小。经过（1450℃,10h1热处理,实现了对过共晶Nb—Si基合金的组织优化。     

定向凝固对Nb-14Si-22Ti-2Hf-2Al-4Cr合金组织和高低温力学性能的影响

采用光悬浮炉在氩气环境下制备了成分为Nb-14Si-22Ti-2Hf-2Al-4Cr的定向凝固试棒,研究了凝固工艺对合金相组成、组织形貌和高低温力学性能的影响,并与电弧熔炼态的合金进行了比较。结果表明,定向凝固试样相组成与电弧熔炼态相比没有发生变化,均由Nb基固溶体(Nb solid solution, NbSS)和Nb/Si化合物Nb5Si3组成,定向凝固合金NbSS呈枝晶状,硅化物呈板条状沿着生长方向分布。与电弧熔炼态相比,定向凝固速度为15和10 mm/h的合金在1250 ℃的抗压缩强度从电弧熔炼态的290 MPa分别提高到约442和493 MPa;15 mm/h的定向凝固后,合金的室温断裂韧性从电弧熔炼态的12 MPa·m1/2增加到15 MPa·m1/2。通过光悬浮定向凝固法制备的该合金具有优良的高低温力学性能     

GH4169G合金锻件条带缺陷微观检测及改进

GH4169G合金锻件在低倍组织检验时出现明暗相间的条带缺陷,对其进行微观检验。结果表明,条带暗处的δ-Ni_3Nb相较正常部位明显富集,晶粒度偏大,条带组织的出现与碳化物、碳氮化物的偏聚无关。借助JMatPro对GH4169G合金凝固过程的相转变规律进行模拟计算,发现合金中Nb元素的平衡分配系数最小,为0.19,容易形成成分偏析,这是形成明暗条带缺陷的主要原因。将合金锭均匀化热处理由原来2段改为3段后,即1 120℃×15h+1 160℃×30h+1 190℃×60h,合金条带缺陷消失。     

合金元素对34Mn2V钢凝固组织的影响

为改善34Mn2V钢大圆坯断面凝固组织结构,采用CAFE′法对断面凝固组织进行了模拟计算,研究了钢液中主要合金元素含量对凝固组织的影响规律。模拟结果表明:在钢种成分允许范围内,适当提高Si含量有助于增加晶粒数目和中心等轴晶率、减小晶粒平均半径,当Si含量超过一定限度后,三者将保持平稳不再大幅变化;Mn含量的提高也可增加形核数目和中心等轴晶率,但增幅相对较小;V含量的调整几乎不能引起凝固组织结构的变化。对34Mn2V钢主要合金元素含量进行优化调整后,模拟结果显示,铸坯凝固组织中的晶粒数目较优化前增加了27.71%,晶粒平均半径减小了18.75%,中心等轴晶率增加了43.24%,凝固组织结构较为理想。     

ZL102铝硅合金的脉冲电变质处理及其对力学性能的影响

对比分析了四种铸造工艺条件对ZL102铝硅合金砂型铸件凝固微观组织和拉伸性能的影响.研究结果表明:脉冲电流对铝硅合金中的α相细化效果显著,细化程度甚至优于Al-5%Ti细化剂的细化作用;脉冲电流可对共晶硅起到一定的变质作用,但是效果不如钠盐变质作用;脉冲电流与少量添加晶粒细化剂、变质剂的复合作用,可以细化凝固组织,改善铸件的力学性能.     

添加Nb对Ti-48Al-0.7B合金组织和力学性能的影响

研究了离心铸造汽车排气阀用Ti-48Al-0.7B-xNb(x=0,3,5,8;原子分数, %)合金的组织和力学性能.结果表明,不同Nb含量合金均由α2 γ两相组成,不存在β相.添加Nb后,合金的晶粒尺寸受凝固前沿B产生附加的成分过冷和硼化物钉扎晶界两方面的作用.合金的片层间距λ与晶粒尺寸d-1/2符合线性关系. O含量和Nb含量影响合金的断裂强度,晶粒尺寸是影响合金塑性的主要因素.Ti-48Al-0.7B-5Nb合金的晶粒尺寸最小,综合性能最佳(σb=399.6 MPa,δ=0.26%).     

离心铸造TC4合金冷速对其组织和力学性能的影响

实验与模拟计算相结合研究Ti-6Al-4V(TC4)合金在陶瓷壳型离心精铸条件下,铸件模数对凝固过程冷速的影响,以及铸件组织、性能随模数和冷速之间的统计关系。结果表明:当铸件模数较小时,模数大小对凝固过程冷速影响比较显著,而随着模数的进一步增加,当M7.00mm时,铸件冷却速度随模数变化并不明显;晶粒尺寸、α/β片层厚度及二次枝晶间距均随铸件模数的增加及冷速的减小而增大,抗拉强度则呈现相反趋势。得出了TC4离心精铸件组织、性能与铸件模数和冷速之间定量关系的表达式。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.