预热处理对FGH95高温合金粉末中碳化物的影响

对等离子旋转电极雾化(PREP)FGH95高温合金粉末颗粒在不同温度下进行预热处理，并对热处理粉末中碳化物的变化规律进行分析，结果表明：经预热处理，粉末颗粒中的MC′型亚稳碳化物发生分解和转变，析出稳定的MC，M23C6及M6C型碳化物，明显改变碳化物的稳定性和分布状态。     

镍基高温合金长期时效处理中碳化物的析出行为

对长期时效处理后的Inconcl 751合金析出的碳化物组织进行了观察，结果表明：合金在700℃时析出的碳化物类型为M23C6，在850℃时析出的碳化物类型为MC；在长期时效中，合金存在不同类型碳化物之间的转变．较低温度时向M23C6型碳化物转变，较高温度时向MC型碳化物转变。     

热加工过程中Ni基变形高温合金析出相的演变规律

变形高温合金在热加工过程中的相析出行为是影响合金抗拉强度的重要因素之一。本实验对GH4738合金在热加工过程中不同阶段的 MC,M23C6,γ′相三种析出相进行跟踪研究。析出相在热加工过程中不同阶段的表现：（1）合金坯料中的主要析出相为初生MC碳化物和初生γ′相。（2）合金经热变形后,初生MC碳化物发生部分分解并析出纳米级晶内次生MC碳化物和少量晶界次生M23C6碳化物,同时析出次生γ′相。（3）合金经热处理后,初生MC碳化物进一步分解直至完全溶解,进而纳米级晶内次生MC碳化物转变为大量酒瓶状晶内次级M23C6碳化物,同时γ′相接近于完全析出,但γ′相会有小幅度的长大。     

预处理过程中FGH96合金粉末中的碳化物演变

采用扫描电镜、透射电镜等手段研究了预处理前后FGH96合金粉末颗粒中的碳化物演变。结果表明:粉末在快速凝固过程中会析出不同形貌的MC’型亚稳态碳化物,MC’碳化物中含有较多的弱碳化物形成元素,不同形貌的MC’型碳化物的化学组成与点阵常数具有一定的差异。在粉末预处理过程中,粉末颗粒内部形成的亚稳态MC’型碳化物逐渐转变为稳定MC型碳化物,同时可形成M23C6和M6C碳化物;转变后的MC型碳化物形态以规则块状为主,成分上以强碳化物形成元素Ti,Nb,Zr为主。     

Ni-Cr-Co基高温合金704℃和760℃时效组织稳定性

利用热力学计算、SEM、TEM和相分析研究了一种新型Ni-Cr-Co基高温合金在704℃和760℃长期时效至2000h后的组织变化。结果表明：该合金标准热处理态和在704℃长期时效后的析出相有MC，M23C6，M6C和γ，在760℃长期时效后还析出了η相。随时效时间增加，γ( η)及碳化物MC，M23C6和M6C的含量变化很小，化学组成稳定，但γ相粗化明显。该合金在760℃时效时，η相的析出随时效时间的增加而加剧，并且呈魏氏体分布。新合金在704℃长期时效时具有良好的组织稳定性，但在760℃时效时组织稳定性较差。     

镍基耐蚀825合金的组织特征及热力学计算

为了了解镍基耐蚀825合金的组织特征及平衡相的析出规律,采用扫描电镜(SEM)和热力学计算软件Thermo-Calc对其进行组织观察和模拟计算分析。结果表明,825合金原始轧态晶界无析出物,晶内有少许Ti的碳化物。750℃时效4h后晶界析出块状M23C6,980℃时效,MC相随时间增加而增多。825合金主要平衡相为γ′、α-Cr、MC、M23C6,Al、Cr、Ti、C分别提高γ′相、α-Cr相、MC相、M23C6相的开始析出温度和最大析出量。     

FGH96合金粉末的俄歇分析及预热处理

针对等离子旋转电极工艺制备的FGH96合金粉末,采用俄歇电子能谱对合金粉末的颗粒表面进行成分分析,并利用透射电镜对预热处理后粉末中的碳化物演变进行研究。结果表明:FGH96合金粉末的颗粒表面明显存在O、C和Ti元素的偏聚,原始合金粉末的颗粒表面由O和C原子吸附层和富含Ti元素的碳氧化物层组成;经过预热处理,颗粒中形成于快速凝固过程中的MC′亚稳碳化物转变成稳定的MC碳化物,并析出M23C6碳化物,明显改善了颗粒内碳化物的稳定性和分布状态。     

镍基高温合金粉末颗粒的凝固组织研究

本文按粒度分级研究了PGH95镍基高温合金粉末颗粒的显微组织和析出相。随着粉末颗粒尺寸减小,冷却速度增加,颗粒的凝固组织从树枝晶为主的方式逐渐转变为胞状晶为主方式。主要析出相为MC型碳化物,其形态随颗粒尺寸不同而呈多样性。还发现少量硼化物,Laves相和一次γ′相,它们往往与MC碳化物伴生存在,粉末颗粒中相析出特征与其成分,凝固条件、显微组织密切相关。     

固溶温度对铸造waspaloy合金组织的影响

研究了4种固溶温度:1000、1040和1080和1120℃×4 h,AC(空冷)+双时效(845℃×24 h/AC+760℃×16 h/AC)热处理制度对铸造waspaloy合金组织的影响。结果表明,铸态waspaloy合金组织由γ基体、团状γ'相和MC碳化物组成。固溶处理后,铸态γ'相溶解到基体中,并随固溶温度升高,铸态γ'相含量逐渐减少。当固溶温度大于1080℃时,枝晶形貌消失,铸态γ'相完全溶解;在随后845℃稳定化处理过程中,均匀细小的二次γ'相开始析出,MC碳化物开始分解,并在晶界处析出不连续的粒状M23C6碳化物;经过760℃时效处理后,更多均匀细小的二次γ'相析出并长大。最终确定铸造waspaloy合金的最佳固溶温度应大于1080℃,此时经时效后组织更加均匀一致。     

蒸汽轮机用Waspaloy叶片材料长期时效组织及力学性能

研究了Waspaloy合金在标准热处理状态下,700℃长期时效过程中的组织和力学性能变化。结果表明,长期时效过程中Waspaloy合金析出相主要为MC型碳化物,M23C6型碳化物和γ'相,时效过程中并未发现有害TCP相。M23C6型碳化物在晶界呈链状分布,长期时效过程中其大小、分布基本不变,稳定性良好;γ'相在时效100 h后充分析出,尺寸随时效时间延长而长大,γ'粗化规律符合L-S-W理论,5000 h时效后γ'相形貌仍然为球形。时效100 h合金强度有小幅上升,随后随时效时间延长合金强度变化不大。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.