导向筒挤压成形工艺及模具设计

探讨了导向筒挤压的可行性,对几种工艺方案进行了分析,选择了最优方案并制定了工艺流程,在此基础上设计了导向筒挤压模具。采用冷挤压工艺加工后,提高了零件精度和表面质量,改善了强度和韧性,减少了切削加工量,节约了原材料,提高了生产效率,也改善了零件的组织性能。     

冷床上卸钢液压系统分析改造

本文对冷床上卸钢液压系统存在的问题进行了分析,找出了产生问题的原因,并对原液压系统进行了改造,减少了油液的泄漏,提高了系统的稳定性,减小了维修强度,降低了维修成本,提高了系统的工作效率。     

电脑机箱挡板级进模设计

分析了电脑机箱挡板的结构特点,设计了少废料排样,提高了材料利用率。应用了独特的切舌定距方案,满足了制件尺寸精度要求,简化了定位装置结构。模具结构设计简单、合理、可行,降低了模具成本、缩短了模具制造周期。     

隐身罩拉深模设计

分析了隐身罩零件的结构和工艺特点,改变了组焊式的制造方法,有针对性地制定了模具设计制造工艺方案,简化了设计结构,并以DYNAFORM软件进行了设计计算及模拟。结果表明,提高了模具设计制造效率及准确性,满足了批量生产,且提高了外观质量。     

计数器齿轮冷模锻工艺及模具设计

分析了计数器齿轮的冷模锻工艺,设计了冷模锻件图,计算及选用了毛坯尺寸及形状,验算了许可变形程度,选择了变形用的设备,拟制了冷模锻前的毛坯处理及设计了冷模锻模具结构。     

保压阀支架级进模无废料排样设计

分析了保压阀支架的冲压工艺,设计了零件的排样方案,介绍了模具结构。不仅保证了零件的精度,同时提高了生产率,大幅降低了生产成本。     

径向冲孔模设计

对盒体零件的冲孔工艺方案进行了分析,介绍了各种冲孔工艺方案的优缺点,从而确定了利用凸轮机构,实现了该零件的径向冲孔。介绍了该模具结构及工作过程,给出了零件的工艺计算方法,提出了模具的设计方法,为解决同类零件的冲孔提供了参考。     

型内孕育消除薄壁铸件裂纹

本文通过生产实践,提出了拖拉机变速箱体产生裂纹的原因是内应力超过了抗拉强度所致。采用型内孕育,改善了铸件的组织结构,提高了抗拉强度,抵消了冷却不均匀所产生的内应力,消除了裂纹,提高了经济效益。     

带内螺纹的望远镜镜身注塑模具设计

分析了望远镜镜身的结构,提出了塑件成型及模具设计的关键点,设计了模具的整体结构。设计了可相对运动的组合式型芯,以增加内抽芯机构的运动空间,通过塑件推出时带动螺纹滑块的移动实现了内侧抽芯。设计了矩形型芯镶块、加工了避空结构,采用螺钉固定,解决了狭小空间安装小型芯的问题,避免了模具干涉。采用了锥面配合,提高了模具的定位精度,减小了配合件的摩擦。经生产验证,该模具生产的塑件质量满足图纸要求。     

弯销顺序抽芯注射模设计

分析了连接器护套的结构特点和成型工艺,设计了带有弯销顺序抽芯结构的注射模。简化了模具结构,降低了模具成本,保证了产品质量,提高了生产效率。     

稀土在铝合金表面处理中的应用及研究进展

评述了稀土在铝合金表面处理中的应用及研究进展,尤其是铝合金稀土表面转化膜技术和稀土对铝合金阳极氧化的影响两方面.稀土表面转化膜能够提高铝合金的耐蚀性能,工艺以化学浸泡为主;稀土对铝合金阳极氧化是有益的:它使铝合金接受极化的能力增强,同时提高氧化膜的抗蚀性.因此,稀土应用于铝合金表面处理具有良好的发展前景.     

Pt-24Ir-RE合金的显微组织与性能研究

通过金相及电子显微镜技术，进行了力学和电学性能实验，研究了添加微量稀土元素La、Sm、Y对Pt-24Ir合金的组织结构与性能的影响。结果表明：稀土元素有效地细化了合金的显微组织结构，并以单质形式均匀析出和弥散分布在合金基体中，从而使合金的综合性能获得改善。     

Use of systematics for the evaluation of rare-earth phase diagrams and crystallographic data

When a metallic element is alloyed with each of the rare-earth elements, a systematic variation in the physical properties is observed. Examination of the variations as a function of rare-earth atomic number is a useful tool in evaluating rare-earth binary phase diagrams.     

CRYSTAL DEFECTS IN PLASMA NITRIDED LAYER CATALYZED BY RARE EARTH

1. IntroductionPlasl1la l1itridillg catal}'zed b}' rare-earth (RE) ele1llel1ts has beel1 a s1lccessf1[ltecllllolog)-["'], however it also causes a llul11ber of problenls. FOr exan1ple. tx-lly tlle REllas the catalytic effect or l1oxt' RE effects ol1 the s…     

稀土对低碳钢热浸渗铝扩散系数的影响

研究了热浸渗铝液中添加微量稀土元素对低碳钢热浸渗铝时铝的扩散系数的影响，结果表明，稀土元素能增大铝原子的扩散激活能，降低铝原子的扩散系数。     

稀土对Zn—5Al合金超塑性的影响

在Ｚｎ－５％Ａｌ合金中添加适量稀土元素，可形成Ａｌ２ＣｅＺｎ２，ＣｅＺｎ３等化合物，提高合金的超塑变形速率和伸长率，加入过量的稀土则对超塑性能有不利的影响。     

稀土强化镁合金耐蚀性能的研究进展

综述了稀土合金元素加入及稀土盐化学转化处理等方法强化镁合金耐蚀性能的国内外研究现状,展望了稀土强化镁合金耐蚀性能的发展前景。     

Effect of Eight Individual Rare-earth Elements on the Graphite Nodule Count of a Thin-section of Spheroidal-graphite Cast Iron

Abstract

Eight rare-earth elements, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Dy, and Yb, were added individually to two irons, one containing 0.02% S and the other 0.08% S. After nodularisation, the metal was poured into CO₂ Process sand moulds to produce stepped test-specimens with thicknesses of 3,6 and 9 mm and into shell moulds to provide ‘break-off’ type specimens with a dia of 30 mm. The effect of each of these rare earth elements on the nodule number, and chill formation was investigated and the mechanism of the nodule number increase studied.

The increase in the nodule number differed significantly with each kind of rare-earth element added to the molten iron. The largest rise in the nodule number was with Ce followed in turn by La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Yb and Y. It was seen that the increase in nodule number was more pronounced when the elements were added to the iron with the higher sulphur content. To maximise the increase in nodule number, it was found that the optimum added quantity of these rare-earth elements was almost stoichiometric with the sulphur content of the iron.

X-ray microanalysis of the prepared specimens containing these rare-earth elements confirmed that only sulphides formed in the melts treated with Ce, La, Pr, Nd, or Yb, whilst both sulphides and phosphides formed when additions were made of Dy, Sm or Y. The specimens poured into a metal mould during the eutectic solidification stage, and subsequently quenched showed that graphite had formed on the rare-earth sulphide substrates, but not on the phosphide. It was concluded that the latter cannot act as substrates for the formation of graphite.

Measurement of the average diameters of the rare-earth sulphides (Ce, La, Pr, and Nd) showed that the largest effects upon nodule numbers were associated with elements producing sulphides of smaller diameter. This phenomena may reasonably be explained. A rare-earth sulphide exists as a liquid phase in an iron melt and aggregates until it solidifies, increasing its diameter. The degree of aggregation differs amongst the different rare-earth sulphides, resulting in a different number of substrates for each graphite formation.     

混合稀土对金银铜合金组织及硬度的影响

为研究混合稀土元素在金银铜合金内部的分布状态以及混合稀土元素的添加对金银铜合金硬度的影响,使用真空中频感应炉制备了Au-35Ag-5Cu、Au-35Ag-5Cu-1RE合金,并对铸态合金进行不同变形量的轧制加工,探讨了稀土元素的添加、变形量对合金组织及维氏硬度的影响。使用EDS进行了稀土元素分布检测、DSC分析固液相线温度并进行维氏硬度的测量等。结果表明,稀土元素La、Ce、Pr、Nd占据了Au、Ag元素的位置,改变了AuAg两种元素的分布,与Cu固溶效果较好,对Cu元素分布没有显著影响。稀土元素的添加降低了Au-35Ag-5Cu的液相线温度和固相线温度,增大了液相线温度和固相线的温度差。混合稀土元素的添加有助于提高铸态及轧制态金银铜合金的耐磨性。     

A REVIEW ON THE BEHAVIOR OF THE ADDITION OF RARE-EARTH IN STEEL

一、稀土元素对钢性能的影响 二、稀土在钢中的基本作用 2.1 稀土的净化作用及对夹杂物形态的影响 (1) 稀土的脱氧作用 (2) 稀土金属的脱硫作用及对硫化物形态的控制作用 (3) 稀土的其他净化作用及对其他夹杂物形态的影响 2.2 稀土的合金化作用及其与间隙原子的交互怍用 三、稀土的加入方法 四、关于稀土钢浇注结瘤问题