V_2O_5包覆Li[Li_(0.2)Mn_(0.54)Ni_(0.13)Co_(0.13)]O_2正极材料的制备及性能（英文）

为了改善富锂正极材料Li[Li_(0.2)Mn_(0.54)Ni_(0.13)Co_(0.13)]O_2电化学性能,采用燃烧法制备出了在Li[Li_(0.2)Mn_(0.54)Ni_(0.13)Co_(0.13)]O_2表面包覆一层不同含量的V2O5材料。利用扫描电镜(SEM),X射线衍射(XRD)和充放电循环测试对材料的形貌结构及其电化学性能进行分析。结果表明,包覆后所有正极材料均具有α-NaFeO_2型层状结构;当包覆量为12%时(质量分数),在2.0~4.8V电压范围内,在0.1C倍率充放电条件下测试,首次放电比容量为301.7mAh.g-1,经过50次循环后容量保持率为78.6%,与未包覆材料相比,首次库伦效率由原来的69.7%提高到81.6%。     

锂离子电池正极材料LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2的制备及电化学性能

首先以AlO2-为铝源,采用三元共沉淀法制备前驱体Ni_(0.8)Co_(0.15)Al_(0.05)(OH)_2。对前驱体进行500℃高温处理,随后与过量的锂盐混合均匀,在氧气气氛下700℃煅烧12 h制得LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.15)Al_(0.05)O_2(NCA)材料。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)测试可知,所得的NCA材料呈典型的α-NaFeO_2层状结构,属于R-3m空间群。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测试显示,NCA为粒径5～6μm的球状颗粒。材料在电流倍率为0.1C下首次放电容量为167.1mAh/g,循环200次以后容量保持率为96.2%。倍率测试表明,0.1、10 C下NCA的容量分别为184.0、112.7 mAh/g,到恢复到0.1 C时,容量仍可达179.7mAh/g,具有比较好的倍率性能。     

尖晶石/层状异质结构xLiM_2O_4?(1-x)LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2锂离子电池正极材料的制备及电化学性能

采用原位诱导法制备得到了一系列x Li M_2O_4?(1-x)Li Ni_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2(M=Ni,Co,Mn;x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5)尖晶石/层状异质结构复合材料。借助X射线衍射、扫描电镜、差示扫描量热仪、恒电流间歇滴定技术和恒电流充放电测试表征手段对材料的晶体结构、微观形貌和电化学性能进行了研究。电化学性能结果表明:x=0.2材料的倍率性能和循环性能最佳,在2.7~4.3 V、1C下循环100次后,放电比容量为137 m A?h/g,容量保持率为93%;10C时的放电比容量为112 m A?h/g,相比于原始Li Ni_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2材料在10C的放电比容量(95 m A?h/g)有较大提高。此外,快充慢放能力测试也证实了该材料的结构稳定,其在5C充、1C放的充放电机制下,循环100次后的放电比容量还能高达120 m A?h/g,容量保持率为87%。恒电流间歇滴定技术(GITT)的结果表明。x=0.2材料的D_(Li+)值比原始Li Ni_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2材料的要高出一个数量级,说明尖晶石相的引入从根本上改善了材料的电化学性能。     

锂离子电池复合正极材料Li_(1+x)(Mn_(0.6)Ni_(0.2)Co_(0.2))_(1-x)O_2(0≤x≤0.3)中锂含量对电化学性能的影响（英文）

为了确定具有固定比例的富锂锰基(Mn:Ni:Co=0.6:0.2:0.2)正极材料中的最优锂含量,制备了Li_(1+x)(Mn_(0.6)Ni_(0.2)Co_(0.2))_(1-x)O_2(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3)复合物正极材料。XRD测试表明,富锂锰基复合材料具有典型的空间R3m和C2/m层状复合结构。SEM观察表明,颗粒粒度在0.4~1.1之间,并且粒度随锂含量的增加而增大。Li_(1.2)(Mn_(0.6)-Ni_(0.2)Co_(0.2))_(0.8)O_2具有较好的首次放电容量,在电流密度为20 mA/g,电压为2.0~4.8 V下,其首次放电容量为275.7 mA·h/g。然而Li_(1.1)(Mn_(0.6)Ni_(0.2)Co_(0.2))_(0.9)O_2表现出较好的循环性能,在0.2C、50次循环后,容量保持率为93.8%,在反应动力学中具有较好的锂离子脱嵌能力。     

CSTR系统制备高性能Ni_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)(OH)_2及电化学性能

采用共沉淀法在连续搅拌反应器系统(CSTR)工艺体系中批量合成出镍钴锰三元氢氧化物前驱体Ni_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)(OH)_2(622),掺加适量的Li_2CO_3高温焙烧后得到锂离子二次电池正极材料Li[Ni_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)]O_2。使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察样品形貌,X射线衍射仪(XRD)及透射电子显微镜(TEM)分析合成样品的具体结构,利用充放电循环测试系统测试其电化学性能。结果表明,产物为二次粒子团聚而成近似球形颗粒;合成的样品具有典型的层状α-NaFeO_2结构。在电压范围为2.8～4.3 V,1 C倍率条件下,首次充放电容量分别为206和176 mAh·g~(-1),100次循环后库伦效率达到了85%。     

循环性能改善的La改性锂离子电池材料LiNi_(0.8-x)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)La_xO_2（英文）

结合共沉淀法和高温固相法合成了一系列La掺杂的层状氧化物正极材料LiNi_(0.8-x)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)La_xO_2(x=0,0.01,0.03),研究La对LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_2材料的影响。通过XRD数据观察到了La_2Li_(0.5)Co_(0.5)O_4 相的生成,通过Rietveld精修软件计算了第二相的含量。电化学性能测试结果表明La掺杂之后材料的循环稳定性从74.3%上升到95.2%,而首次比容量从202 mA·h/g降低到了192 mA·h/g,循环稳定性的提高可以归因于新相的产生一方面消耗了材料中的杂质,另一方面粘附在颗粒表面保护材料不受电解液的腐蚀。CV测试结果表明与未掺杂的材料相比,掺杂后的样品电化学可逆性更好。     

Cr~(3+)掺杂LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4材料的制备及性能

采用高温固相法合成了Cr~(3+)掺杂的LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4正极材料,研究了掺杂量对材料物理性能和电化学性能的影响。利用XRD、SEM对材料的结构和形貌进行了表征。结果显示,样品具有棱边清晰的尖晶石形貌。讨论了不同Cr~(3+)掺杂量对LiCrxNi_(0.5-0.5x)Mn_(1.5-0.5x)O_4(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2)正极材料性能的影响。充放电测试、循环伏安和交流阻抗测试结果表明:当Cr~(3+)的掺杂量为x=0.1时(LiCr_(0.1)Ni_(0.45)Mn_(1.45)O_4)正极材料的性能最好,0.1、0.5、1、2及5 C的首次放电比容量依次为131.54、126.84、121.28、116.49和96.82 mAh·g~(-1),1 C倍率下循环50次,容量保持率仍为96.5%。     

纳米CuO表面包覆对Li_(1.13)[Ni_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)]_(0.87)O_2正极材料电化学性能的影响

为了提高球形Li_(1.13)[Ni_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)]_(0.87)O_2正极材料的电化学性能,通过非均匀成核法在材料颗粒表面包覆一层纳米CuO;采用XRD、SEM、TEM和充放电测试仪对所包覆材料进行测试与表征。结果表明:适量的CuO包覆可有效地提高Li_(1.13)[Ni_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)]_(0.87)O_2正极材料的电化学性能;当CuO包覆量为2%(质量分数)时,材料的电化学性能最佳。在0.1C、2.0~4.6 V充放电条件下,其首次放电容量为213.7 m A·h/g,首次库仑效率可达86.9%。此外,该材料在0.5C倍率下循环100次后其放电比容量仍为169.5 mA·h/g,容量保持率为79.3%;而未经包覆的Li_(1.13)[Ni_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)]_(0.87)O_2在相同循环条件下,容量保持率仅为65.5%。     

循环性能改善的F-Mg共改性LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2-y)Mg_yO_(2-z)F_z锂离子电池材料（英文）

结合共沉淀法和球磨辅助下的高温固相法,合成层状氧化物正极材料Li[Ni_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2-y)Mg_y]O_(2-z)F_z(0≤y≤0.12,0≤z≤0.08),探究F-Mg掺杂对LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_2材料的影响。与以往的研究相比,这种掺杂处理在首次库仑效率和循环性能方面的电化学性能得到实质改善。在充放电倍率为0.2C和电压范围为2.8~4.4 V的条件下,Li[Ni_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.11)Mg_(0.09)]O_(1.96)F_(0.04)的首次放电比容量和库伦效率分别为189.7 m A·h/g和98.6%,100次循环后容量保持率为96.3%。电化学阻抗谱(EIS)结果表明,Mg-F掺杂降低了电荷转移电阻,从而提高了反应动力学,这是材料具有更高倍率性能的主要原因。由于Li[Ni_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.11)Mg_(0.09)]O_(1.96)F_(0.04)具有优异的电化学性能,被看作是很有前景的新型锂离子电池正极材料。     

3d过渡金属掺杂对Bi0.8Ba0.2FeO3陶瓷多铁性能的影响研究

采用传统固相烧结法制备多铁性Bi_(0.8)Ba_(0.2)Fe_(0.9)M_(0.1)O_3(M=Cr,Mn,Ti)陶瓷。X射线衍射图谱(XRD)表明该材料为纯相菱形钙钛矿结构,属于R3c空间点群。铁电测试结果表明,Bi_(0.8)Ba_(0.2)Fe_(0.9)Ti_(0.1)O_3陶瓷具有室温下的最大剩余极化值(2Pr)为0.64μC/cm~2和低频时的最小介电常数值(ε)为140。同时,所有样品的介电常数和介电损耗均随着频率的增加而降低且在高频时趋于稳定。磁性测试结果表明,Bi_(0.8)Ba_(0.2)Fe_(0.9)Mn_(0.1)O_3陶瓷具有室温下的最大剩余磁化值(2Mr)为1.46(A·m~2)/kg。显著的磁极化前后P-E回线变化被观察到,这直接说明了多铁性Bi_(0.8)Ba_(0.2)Fe_(0.9)M_(0.1)O_3(M=Cr,Mn,Ti)陶瓷中存在磁电耦合效应,且Bi_(0.8)Ba_(0.2)Fe_(0.9)Cr_(0.1)O_3样品具有最显著的磁电耦合效应值为5.8 m J/cm~3。     

Effects of K2O-Li2O doping on surface and catalytic properties of Fe2O3/Cr2O3 system

The effects of K₂O and Li₂O-doping (0.5, 0.75 and 1.5 mol%) of Fe₂O₃/Cr₂O₃ system on its surface and the catalytic properties were investigated. Pure and differently doped solids were calcined in air at 400-600 °C. The formula of the un-doped calcined solid was 0.85Fe₂O₃:0.15Cr₂O₃. The techniques employed were TGA, DTA, XRD, N₂ adsorption at −196 °C and catalytic oxidation of CO oxidation by O₂ at 200-300 °C. The results revealed that DTA curves of pure mixed solids consisted of one endothermic peak and two exothermic peaks. Pure and doped mixed solids calcined at 400 °C are amorphous in nature and turned to α-Fe₂O₃ upon heating at 500 and 600 °C. K₂O and Li₂O doping conducted at 500 or 600 °C modified the degree of crystallinity and crystallite size of all phases present which consisted of a mixture of nanocrystalline α- and γ-Fe₂O₃ together with K₂FeO₄ and LiFe₅O₈ phases. However, the heavily Li₂O-doped sample consisted only of LiFe₅O₈ phase. The specific surface area of the system investigated decreased to an extent proportional to the amount of K₂O and Li₂O added. On the other hand, the catalytic activity was found to increase by increasing the amount of K₂O and Li₂O added. The maximum increase in the catalytic activity, expressed as the reaction rate constant (k) measured at 200 °C, attained 30.8% and 26.5% for K₂O and Li₂O doping, respectively. The doping process did not modify the activation energy of the catalyzed reaction but rather increased the concentration of the active sites without changing their energetic nature.     

丝网印刷氧化石墨烯对锂离子电池LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 三元正极的改性及性能影响

通过丝网印刷方法,在由LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂、导电添加剂和聚偏氟乙烯制成的电极表面涂覆了一层薄薄的氧化石墨烯。在充电截止电压为4.3 V的条件下进行了循环性能和倍率性能测试。结果表明：未改性电极在恒电流充放电测试中容量下降且极化增加,而包覆改性后电极的容量衰减程度和极化增加速度降低。这是由于氧化石墨烯涂层抑制了LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂电极和电解质之间的部分副反应,使得改性电极的循环稳定性和倍率性能显著提高,为提升LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂电极性能提供了一种环境友好且非常有效的方法。     

Sinterability and dielectric properties of Ba0.55Sr0.4Ca0.05TiO3-CaTiSiO5-Mg2TiO4 composite ceramics

The composite ceramics of Ba_0.55Sr_0.4Ca_0.05TiO₃-CaTiSiO₅-Mg₂TiO₄ (BSCT-CTS-MT) were prepared by the conventional solid-state route. The sintering performance, phase structures, morphologies, and dielectric properties of the composite ceramics were investigated. The BSCT-CTS-MT ceramics were sintered at 1100 °C and possessed dense microstructure. The dielectric constant was tailored from 1196 to 141 as the amount of Mg₂TiO₄ increased from 0 to 50 wt%. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of 40 wt% Ba_0.55Sr_0.4Ca_0.05TiO₃-10 wt% CaTiSiO₅-50 wt% Mg₂TiO₄ was 141 and 0.0020, respectively, and the tunability was 8.64% under a DC electric field of 8.0 kV/cm. The Curie peaks were broadened and depressed after the addition of CaTiSiO₅. The optimistic dielectric properties made it a promising candidate for the application of tunable capacitors and phase shifters.     

Sol-gel synthesis of Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 nanotubes

Ferroelectric Bi_3.25La_0.75Ti₃O₁₂ (BLT) nanotubes were synthesized by sol-gel technique using nanochannel porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates, and were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). BLT nanotubes with diameter of around 240 nm and the wall thickness of about 25 nm exhibited a single orthorhombic perovskite structure and highly preferential crystal growth along the [1 1 7] orientation, which have smooth wall morphologies and well-defined diameters corresponding to the diameter of the applied template. The formation mechanism of BLT nanotubes was discussed.     

Preparation and characteristic of spherical Li3V2(PO4)3

Spherical Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ was synthesized by using N₂H₄ as reducer. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that single-phase, spherical and well-dispersed Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ has been successfully synthesized in our experimental process. Electrochemical behaviors have been characterized by charge/discharge measurements. The initial discharge capacities of Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ were 123 mAh g⁻¹ in the voltage range of 3.0–4.3 V and 132 mAh g⁻¹ in the voltage range of 3.0–4.8 V.     

Low temperature sintering and microwave dielectric properties of (Mg0.7Zn0.3)0.95Co0.05TiO3 ceramics with BaCu(B2O5) additions

The effects of BaCu(B₂O₅) additives on the sintering temperature and microwave dielectric properties of (Mg_0.7Zn_0.3)_0.95Co_0.05TiO₃ ceramics were investigated. The (Mg_0.7Zn_0.3)_0.95Co_0.05TiO₃ ceramics were not able to be sintered below 1000 °C. However, when BaCu(B₂O₅) were added, they were sintered below 1000 °C and had the good microwave dielectric properties. It was suggested that a liquid phase with the composition of BaCu(B₂O₅) was formed during the sintering and assisted the densification of the (Mg_0.7Zn_0.3)_0.95Co_0.05TiO₃ ceramics at low temperature. BaCu(B₂O₅) powders were produced and used to reduce the sintering temperature of the (Mg_0.7Zn_0.3)_0.95Co_0.05TiO₃ ceramics. Good microwave dielectric properties of Q × f = 35,000 GHz, ?_r = 18.5.0 and τ_f = −51 ppm/°C were obtained for the (Mg_0.7Zn_0.3)_0.95Co_0.05TiO₃ ceramics containing 7 wt.% mol% BaCu(B₂O₅) sintered at 950 °C for 4 h.     

废旧锂离子电池中Li, Fe和V的回收及xLiFePO4-yLi3V2(PO4)3的制备

由于LiFePO_4和Li_3V_2(PO_4)_3材料的特征相近,制备方法类似,提供了一种从废旧LiFePO_4和Li_3V_2(PO_4)_3混合电池中回收Li、Fe和V,再制备xLiFePO_4-yLi_3V_2(PO_4)_3的方法。在空气气氛中600℃热处理1h后,去除粘结剂PVDF使活性物质与集流体分离。调节Li、Fe、V和P摩尔比,球磨、锻烧,配制不同比例的xLiFePO_4-yLi_3V_2(PO_4)_3(x:y=5:1,7:1,9:1)复合电极材料。表征了其形貌、结构和电化学性能,结果表明,回收制备的复合材料将同时具备LiFePO_4和Li_3V_2(PO_4)_3两种材料的电化学性能,能显著改善LiFePO_4的倍率性能。     

固相-水热法制备LiFePO4-Li3V2（PO4）3复合材料及其电化学性能（英文）

分别采用固相-水热法和球磨法制备磷酸亚铁锂-磷酸钒锂复合正极材料(LiFePO4-Li3V2(PO4)3)。电化学性能测试表明,LiFePO4-Li3V2(PO4)3复合正极材料的电化学性能远远高于 LiFePO4和 Li3V2(PO4)3单独作为正极材料的性能,并且以固相-水热法制备的复合材料性能优于以球磨法制得的复合材料。研究发现 LiFePO4-Li3V2(PO4)3复合材料有 4 个氧化还原峰,相当于 LiFePO4 和 Li3V2(PO4)3 氧化还原峰的叠加。采用固相-水热法制备的LiFePO4-Li3V2(PO4)3 复合材料形貌较为规则,且有新相物质产生,这是导致其电化学性能较好的原因。     

二维ZnO/ Bi3.9Zn0.4V1.7O10.5纳米异质结构的制备及其可见光催化活性

表面建造是提高半导体光催化活性的一种有效方法。本文利用Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6纳米片为基底沉积了BiVO4再通过煅烧成功制备了二维ZnO/Bi3.9Zn0.4V1.7O10.5复合纳米片。通过X射线衍射，透射电镜和元素映像技术表征了所制样品。结果显示随着锌与铋的原子比的上升，ZnO多孔片状的表面逐渐变成Bi3.9Zn0.4V1.7O10.5物质。但其比例高于1:0.02时，在片状Bi3.9Zn0.4V1.7O10.5的区域表面又生长出BiVO4纳米颗粒。漫反射光谱测试显示出ZnO/Bi3.9Zn0.4V1.7O10.5复合物随着锌与铋的原子比的上升其在400~600 nm可见光区的吸收逐渐增强。所制样品在可见光（波长大于420 nm）进行了光催化降解罗丹明B的测试，结果表明在所制样品中，锌与铋的原子比为1:0.0133的ZnO/Bi3.9Zn0.4V1.7O10.5纳米片虽然其可见光的吸收并没有明显增强但却表现出最佳的光催化活性。荧光与电化学测试得出了低含量BZVO的ZnO纳米片可见光催化活性的提高主要是因为表面ZnO/Bi3.9Zn0.4V1.7O10.5异质结构提高了光生载流子的分离与传送。这种二维材料的表面建造有利于光催化的进行。因此，此法可应用于其它二维纳米材料的建造以提高光催化活性。     

FRICTION WELDING OF Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30 BULK METALLIC GLASS

采用摩擦焊对Zr₅₅Al₁₀Ni₅Cu₃₀块体金属玻璃进行了焊接, 当焊机主轴转速为4.0×10³---5.0×10³ r/min, 摩擦压力为80---100 MPa, 摩擦时间为0.2---0.4 s, 顶锻压力和保压时间分别为200 MPa和2 s时, 能够成功实施Zr₅₅Al₁₀Ni₅Cu₃₀金属玻璃的焊接. 用SEM, XRD和TEM观察分析未检测到晶化相, 焊缝处金属仍保持非晶状态. 金属玻璃的塑性在玻璃转变点T_g附近随温度变化很大, 在T_g以上具有良好的塑性变形能力, 这是实施摩擦焊焊接的重要基础.